Effect of Hydrogen cyanamide and Hexanal on maturity and quality in grape cv. Flame Seedless
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The investigation was carried out during the year 2019 on 14 year old grapevines to study the
“Effect of Hydrogen cyanamide and Hexanal on maturity and quality in grape cv. Flame
Seedless” at Fruit Research Farm, Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural
University, Ludhiana. Hydrogen cyanamide (1.5%) was applied just after pruning when the
vines were under dormant condition. Two superimposed sprays of hexanal formulation (1.5, 2
& 2.5%) were given 30 and 15 days prior to the time of harvesting. Bunch thinning was
followed in all the treatments where 75-80 bunches were retained at time of bunch emergence
except control. Effect of hydrogen cyanamide and hexanal formulation was evaluated in
combination with girdling (done at the pea stage of berry) and ethephon (400 ppm), sprayed at
the veraison stage of berry development. Results showed that hydrogen cyanamide (1.5%)
advanced the bud burst, flowering and ripening by 25, 17 and 8 days respectively as
compared to control. However, earliest ripening (by 9 days) was induced in the clusters
treated with hydrogen cyanamide @ 1.5 % + ethephon @ 400ppm. Uniform color
development with maximum TSS (18.7%), total sugars (16.86%), anthocyanins (48.45mg/l),
juice pH (3.68) and minimum acid content (0.55%) was observed in berries treated with
hydrogen cyanamide in combination with ethephon. Also, hydrogen cyanamide increased the
bud content of IAA and GA3 on each date of sampling relative to untreated buds. Hexanal
application @ 2 % or 2.5% along with hydrogen cyanamide adjudged as the best pre-harvest
treatment in retaining the berry firmness whereas ethephon treatment reduced the firmness of
berry. Foliar spray of hydrogen cyanamide (1.5%)+ Hexanal 2.5 % +girdling significantly
improved the average yield (28.39 Kg/ vine) and quality of grape clusters viz. bunch weight
(368.54 g), bunch size (24.56 cm × 14.45 cm) and berry weight (2.83 g), and TSS: acid ratio
(30.00). However the results of hexanal dose 2.5 and 2.0 per cent were at par for these
parameters, thus hydrogen cyanamide (1.5%)+ Hexanal 2.0 % +girdling was found to be best
for inducing earliness in grapes without compromising the quality of berries.
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Citation
Jeevan Jyoti (2020). Effect of Hydrogen cyanamide and Hexanal on maturity and quality in grape cv. Flame Seedless (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.