STUDIES ON FLORAL MORPHOLOGY AND BIOLOGY IN JASMINUM SPP.
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Date
2017-09
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, GKVK POST, BENGALURU)
Abstract
An investigation was carried out to assess the morphology and biology of flowers in 38 genotypes of Jasminum spp. at the Division of Floriculture and Medicinal Crops, ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru. The studies made on morphology and biological characters revealed high level of variation among the genotypes. J. grandiflorum var. CO.1 Pitchi recorded the longest flower bud length (4.81 cm) and corolla tube length (2.92 cm). J. nitidum recorded longest corolla length (4.93 cm) and biggest flower size (2.15 cm). Number of forks per cyme and number of petals were recorded maximum in J. auriculatum var. CO.1 Mullai (40.13) and J. sambac - IIHR JS - 1(30.95). Calyx number was highest in Gundumallige (8.79) whereas, longest calyx lobe was in Soojimalli (1.49 cm). Flower bearing habits observed were 3-5 forked cyme, many flowered cyme and clustered cyme. Shapes of flower buds were pointed and long, round and short, pointed and short. Colour of the flower bud varied from green white (157 B), white (155 B, 155 C, 155 D) and pink (186 B). Flower types observed were single, double and multi-whorled (3-6). All genotypes recorded solitary style and had 2.00 to 3.00 stamens. CO.1 Pitchi recorded the longest stamen (2.13 cm) and style length (2.32 cm). The peak time of anthesis was recorded between 6:00 to 7:00 p.m. and anther dehiscence between 4:00 to 7:00 p.m. The stigma was receptive 12 h before and 24 h after anthesis and the maximum receptivity was observed between the anthesis to 12 h after anthesis. Shapes of pollen were observed viz., spherical, triangle and tricolpate. Bigger size of pollen was recorded in IIHR JS - 4 (61.50 µm). Pin and thrum type of flowers were observed. The above information generated is useful for the breeders to take up systematic crop improvement in Jasminum spp.