Genetic variability studies in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.)
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Date
2021-02
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Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology Jammu, J&K
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Division of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha during 2018-19 to study the variability studies in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Twenty-five genotypes of gladiolus were evaluated for twenty-one yield and flowering related traits to study their genetic parameters such as variability, heritability coefficient of variation, correlation and path analysis. Analysis of variance for all the traits showed significant differences among genotypes for flower and yield related traits. High range in mean performance was observed for plant height (79.13 cm - 125.10cm),number of leaves (5.00 - 8.00), leaf area (61.00 cm2 - 114.47 cm2), number of florets per spike (8.60 to 14.73), spike length (59.13 cm -105.10 cm), rachis length (33.63 cm- 71.90 cm), durability of first floret (4.60 - 8.63 days), flower duration (12.07-17.83 days), stem diameter (5.50 cm to 15.70 cm), floret size (4.36 cm to 7.26 cm), vase life (7.10 to 9.96 days), chlorophyll content (41.90-58.59), number of corms (1.66 - 3.66), weight of corm per plant (11.63 g - 36.63g), diameter of corm (3.26 cm - 5.43 cm) and numbers of cormels per plant (11.20-22.80).
The high coefficient of variation was observed for days taken to sprouting, number of cormels per plant and weight of corm per plant. High heritability was observed for number of cormels per plant (98.60%) followed by number of corms per plant (97.70%), stem diameter (97.70%), durability of first floret (96.70%), spike length (96.6%), leaf area (95.40%), number of florets per spike (94.50%), plant height (92.50%) and days taken to spike emergence (87.3%).High values of genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for number of cormels per plant (48.42%) followed by days taken to sprouting (44.25%), weight of corm per plant (42.86%), rachis length (38.05%), number of corms per plant (42.86%), durability of first floret (28.79%), spike length (25.31%), leaf area (25.12%), number of leaves (22.28%), days taken to spike emergence (20.71%) and plant height (20.12%).
The magnitude of correlation coefficient at genotypic level was found higher than the corresponding correlation at phenotypic level. Number of florets per spike had a positive and highly significant correlation both at genotypic and phenotypic levels with spike length (0.923, 0.956), rachis length (0.769, 0.735), weight of corm per plant (0.383, 0.299), number of cormels per plant (0.327, 0.310) and diameter of corms (0.326, 0.251) respectively. Path coefficient analysis revealed that diameter of corm (0.483, 0.406) exhibited maximum positive and direct effect on number of florets per spike at phenotypic and genotypic level followed by number of corms per plant (0.422, 0.370), plant height (0.353, 0.254), stem diameter (0.337, 0.301), spike length (0.152, 0.097), rachis length (0.024, 0.192) and number of leaves per plant (0.070, 0.053) respectively Hence selection for these traits would be effective for flower yield improvement in gladiolus. The clustering pattern based on Mahalanobis D2 statistic indicated the existence of wide genetic divergence among genotypes for various traits studied and categorized the genotypes into six distinct clusters. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster VI and cluster II (12656.00) whereas the lowest was found between cluster IV and cluster I (348.02).
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Preferred for your work. Nazir, M. Genetic variability studies in Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) MS.c thesis, Sher-e-kashmir university of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Jammu