Effect of temperature on ultrasonic velocity in adulterated mustard oil
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The utilisation of edible oils for consumption has been in vogue since time immortal.
The heavy consumption of edible oils lead to adulteration which degrades the quality and
nutritional value of oils. Pure edible oil is adulterated with low quality oil having similar
appearance as that of pure edible oil. The method to detect adulteration in edible oil should be
a non-destructive test as it does not influence the chemical composition of sample. Ultrasonic
waves are used for detection of adulteration because these are non-destructive, non-toxic and
have many applications in food processing. In the present study, palm oil was used as an
adulterant in pure mustard oil because of its similar appearance and easily mixing character.
The parameters like ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density were measured for different
concentrations (100, 90, 80, 70 and 60%) of mustard oil at different temperature (30, 40, 50, 60
and 70˚C). From these parameters, further thermodynamic parameters like surface tension,
adiabatic compressibility, bulk modulus, acoustic impedance and intermolecular free length
were calculated. Except density, all parameters showed significant results with different
temperature and concentration. Ultrasonic velocity, density, surface tension, bulk modulus and
acoustic impedance were found to decrease linearly with temperature while viscosity decreased
exponentially with temperature. Other parameters like adiabatic compressibility and
intermolecular free length increased linearly with temperature. The linear correlation of
logarithmic ultrasonic velocity with logarithmic density and ultrasonic velocity with
logarithmic viscosity were observed. Another linear correlation between surface tension and
intermolecular free length was also confirmed.
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Parhanpreet Kaur (2020). Effect of temperature on ultrasonic velocity in adulterated mustard oil (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.