Study on prenatal development of spinal cord in Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
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Date
2011
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GADVASU, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted on spinal cord of 26 buffalo foetii ranging from 1.5 cm CVRL (35 days) to 108 cm CVRL (317 days) to elucidate the gross anatomical, histomorphological, histochemical and transmission electron microscopic changes. Gross observations of the spinal cord became noticeable from 9.1 cm CVRL (70 days) onwards. Spinal cord originated from medulla oblongata and terminated at second coccygeal vertebra in group I, from first coccygeal to fifth sacral vertebra in group II and from fourth sacral to third sacral vertebra in group III. The maximum mean regional length was reported in thoracic region in all age groups of buffalo foetii while the minimum being reported in coccygeal region in group I and II. The shape of central canal was elongated at 6.4 cm CVRL (57 days), oval at 9.1 cm CVRL (70 days) and circular at 15.6 cm CVRL (99 days). Average height of ependymal cells of the spinal cord was negatively correlated in group I and II and positively correlated in group III with the advancement of buffalo foetal age. All the six plates (roof, floor, two alar and two basal plates) of early spinal cord were present at 1.5 cm CVRL (35 days). At 6.4 cm CVRL (57 days), the mantle layer began to differentiate into gray matter and cilia were present on the ependymal cells lining the central canal. In 26.1 cm CVRL (133 days) buffalo foetus, all the laminae of gray matter were found. The myelination of white matter started from 58.3 cm CVRL (205 days) onwards. Primitive meninx was first observed in 1.5 cm CVRL buffalo foetus and at 6.4 cm CVRL all the three meninges were present. Moderate PAS positive material was localized in ependyma and duramater of spinal cord whereas weak to moderate activity was observed in nucleus and cytoplasm of multipolar neurons. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the transformation of ependymal cells from pseudostratified columnar type epithelium to columnar epithelium at 104 cm CVRL (308 days).