Heterosis and combining ability studies in newly developed hybrids of chilli (capsicum annuum L.)
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Date
2019-08-23
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Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani
Abstract
A study was undertaken to estimate heterosis and combining ability in sixteen diverse genotypes of chilli viz., BSPRL-066, BSPRL-171, BSPRL-188, BSPRL-189, BSPRL-224, BSPRL-226, Parbhani Tejas, PBNC-1, Kokan Kirti, Phule Jyoti, G-4, Bydagi, Bydagi-341, Teja, Pusa Jwala and Pusa Sadabahar and their hybrids by following line x tester cross analysis. Sixty hybrids along with sixteen genotypes and three standard checks (BSS-273, BSS-355 and BSS-378) were evaluated during 2017-2018 at Beej Sheetal Research Farm and All India Coordinated Research Project on Vegetable Crops in VNMKV, Parbhani. Observations were recorded for nineteen quantitative characters Viz., plant height, number of primary branches per plant, days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to first fruit repining, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight (g), fruit length(cm), fruit diameter (mm), pedicel length (cm), fruit weight per plant (g), dry fruit weight per plant (g), fruit yield per plot, dry fruit weight, number of seed per fruit, number picking per plant, dry fruit yield per plot, green fruit yield per hectare, dry fruit yield per hectare.
The heterosis estimates revealed that significant positive heterosis over M.P, B.P and S.C observed for plant height, fruit diameter, number of seed per fruit, and green fruit yield per plot characters. -41.63 per cent to 42.37 percent heterosis over M.P, -47.46 per cent to 41.23 percent heterosis over B.P and -47.80 per cent to 3.43 per cent heterosis over S.C was observed for green fruit yield per plot. Hybrids BSPRL-171 x Phule Jyoti, BSPRL-171 x PBNC-1, BSPRL-171 x Parbhani Tejas and BSPRL-188 x Phule Jyoti showed maximum heterosis over B.P and S.C for green fruit yield per plot and other contributing characters.
For the combining ability analysis, the variance due to g.c.a and s.c.a were significant for all the characters except fruit diameter characters of s.c.a variance are non significant variance. Among the parents BSPRL-171, BSPRL-066, BSPRL-188, Phule Jyoti, Pusa Sadabahar, PBNC-1, and Parbhani Tejas were found good general combiner and for fruit yield and yield contributing characters.
Hybrids BSPRL-066 x Phule Jyoti, BSPRL-171 x Phule Jyoti, BSPRL-171 x Bydagi, BSPRL-171 x G-4, BSPRL-226 x Kokan Kirti, BSPRL-188 x Bydagi and BSPRL-189 x Bydagi were found to be having good s. c. a effects for fruit yield and yield contributing characters and useful in further breeding programme.
The fruit yield per plot had significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with plant height, number of primary branches per plant, days to first flower, days to 50% flower, number of fruit per plant, fruit weight per plant, number of picking per plant and dry fruit yield per plot. The fruit yield per plot exhibited desirable negative genotypic and phenotypic correlation with fruit weight, fruit length and fruit diameter.