Studies on population dynamics and management of mango hoppers through synthetic and botanical insecticides
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Date
2020
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DRPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
The research titled, “Studies on population dynamics and management of mango hoppers through synthetic and botanical insecticides” was carried out in the mango orchard at Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, (Muzaffarpur), Bihar. The experiment was conducted during 2019-2020.
Study of mango leafhoppers incidence was conducted during the period January 2019 to January 2020 and results revealed that the mango leafhoppers were noticed throughout this period in mango ecosystem. The maximum population of mango leafhoppers on mango (cultivar Amrapali) was noticed between fourth week of March to first week of May with peak population in the first week of April. The least incidence was found during December-January. The studies of correlation coefficient revealed that among the various weather parameters, minimum temperature and rainfall showed non-significant positive correlation effect on mango leafhoppers incidence. Both mean and maximum temperature had significant and positive correlation on mango leafhoppers indicating that the increase in pest infestation with the increase in magnitude of these weather parameters. The morning, afternoon and mean relative humidity showed significant but negative correlation on mango leafhoppers exposing that the increase in these weather parameters magnitude resulted in reduction of pest infestation.
Among the six synthetic and two botanical insecticides evaluated against mango leafhoppers for their efficacy revealed that the order of effectiveness as
thiamethoxam (2 g/tree) followed by emamectin benzoate (4 g/tree), acetamiprid (2 g/tree), dimethoate (10 ml/tree), profenophos (10 ml/tree), deltamethrin (5 ml/tree), yam bean seed extract (5%) and neem oil (2%), respectively. From the overall data obtained for the fruit yield and insecticide efficacy of synthetic and botanical insecticide treatments, revealed that the maximum mango fruit yield and least mango leaf hopper population was found in thiamethoxam treated mango tree (160.33 kg/tree and 3.93 hoppers/inflorescence) followed by emamectin benzoate (127.66 kg/tree and 4.47 hoppers/inflorescence), acetamiprid (109 kg/tree and 5.14 hoppers/inflorescence), dimethoate (85.66 kg/tree and 5.42 hoppers/inflorescence), profenophos (62 kg/tree and 5.95 hoppers/inflorescence), deltamethrin (36.66 kg/tree and 6.53 hoppers/inflorescence), yam bean seed extract (30.66 kg/tree and 7.47 hoppers/inflorescence), neem oil (23 kg/tree and 7.93 hoppers/inflorescence) and untreated (16 kg/tree and 19.63 hoppers/inflorescence). And after considering the data of economics of different insecticides along with their field efficacy and fruit yield, it is evident that foliar application of thiamethoxam recorded maximum fruit yield (16033 kg/ha), gross income (Rs 320660/ha), net realization (Rs 315758/ha), realization over control (Rs 283758/ha) and ICBR (1:57.88), followed by emamectin benzoate (1:42.17), acetamiprid (1:40.22), dimethoate (1:26.41), profenophos (1:12.97), deltamethrin (1:7.13), yam bean seed extract (1:2.43) and neem oil (1:0.39), which resulted in negative ICBR value considering it as uneconomical in the management of mango leafhoppers.