Characterization of advance breeding lines for morphophysiological traits and bacterial blight resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2020
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana and its
Regional Research Station at Patiala during Kharif 2019 to evaluate a set of 43 advance
breeding lines of rice developed from diverse crosses for various yield attributes and quality
traits in different agro climatic zones of the Punjab state. These were also screened for
resistance to different pathotypes of bacterial blight (BB). The breeding lines showed
significant variation for various agro-morphological, yield, quality attributes viz. days to 50%
flowering, plant height (cm), ear bearing tillers (EBT) /m2 , grain yield per plot, thousand grain
weight (g), SPAD Value, spikelet fertility (%), harvest index, total rice recovery (%), head
rice recovery (%) and chalkiness (%) as well as reaction to BB. On overall basis, genotypes
PAU 6707-33-6-1-1-1-3, PAU 6998-110-3-1, PAU 6522-23-2-1-1-2, PAU 6554-1-1-1-2-3,
PAU 6231-49-1-4-2-1, PAU 6994-90-3-1 and PAU 6251-6-1-3-3-1 performed better over
both the locations. The genotype PAU 6707-33-6-1-1-1-3 had the highest average yield. It is
early maturing, semi dwarf with good tillering ability, high SPAD value, high spikelet fertility
along with desirable quality traits. It is resistant to all ten pathotypes of BB presently
prevalent in the Punjab state and possesses three BB resistant genes Xa4, xa13 and Xa21.The
breeding lines were also characterized for known bacterial blight resistance genes (Xa4, Xa5,
xa13 and Xa21) using molecular markers. A total of 37 genotypes, out of 43 genotypes tested
were completely resistant to all the ten pathotypes (PbXo-1 to PbXo-10).Out of the 43 lines
tested, 12 and 22 lines showed presence of three and two gene combination, respectively.
Eight lines showed presence of single gene while one line (PAU 5285-23-1-2) showed none
of the known gene tested. Among the three gene combination presence of Xa4+xa13+Xa21
and for two gene combination presence of xa13+Xa21 was most prevalent. None of the lines
showed all the four genes tested in combination. The study was thus useful in identifying new
high yielding, BB resistant genotypes of varying maturity with acceptable grain quality
suitable for Punjab conditions. The molecular characterization of these lines indicated that the
genotypes carrying 2 or 3 pyramided BB resistance genes would provide durable resistance.
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Sumuni, Simeo Marco (2020). Characterization of advance breeding lines for morphophysiological traits and bacterial blight resistance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Unpublished M.Sc. thesis). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.