DNA FINGERPRINTING AND NUTRITIONAL PROFILING OF DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF BANANA (Musa sp L.)
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Date
2018-08
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
A study entitled “DNA fingerprinting and nutritional profiling of different cultivars of banana Musa sp L.” was conducted at the Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot during the year 2017-18. Analysis of genetic diversity of different banana genotypes was carried out based on morphological traits and molecular markers. Around 40 ecotypes of four genotypes (Elakki, Rajapuri, Red banana and Rasabale) were collected from different geographical regions of Karnataka and some parts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Growth parameters like pseudostem length, girth, leaf length, breadth, number of leaves, fruit length, weight, number of fruits per hand, hands per bunch and bunch weight were observed at different growth stages. Nearly 20 SSR primers were screened, out of which 14 were polymorphic between genotypes. From the cluster analysis, dendrogram was obtained and it showed that 40 ecotypes were grouped into four clusters, each containing 10 ecotypes of same genotype. This revealed that there was close relatedness between ecotypes, which could not differentiate them irrespective of their different places of origin. Apart from genetic diversity analysis, nutritional composition of different genotypes was analyzed. Nutritional parameters like sugars, beta-carotene, TSS, minerals (P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn and B) and colour changes of peel and pulp during different ripening stages were carried out using L*a*b* coordinates. Elakki ranked first in sugars and TSS, Red banana in beta-carotene, boron and zinc, Rajapuri in Sulphur, Potassium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium and Manganese and Rasabale in Phosphorous and Calcium. Peel lightness was highest in Rasabale as the fruit ripened whereas, pulp lightness was highest in Red banana as the fruit ripened.