GENETIC STUDIES FOR GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Date
2019-05
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
An experiment was undertaken at College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, during
2017- 18 and 2018-19 to study the genetics of growth, yield and quality traits in tomato.
In this experiment, 12 genotypes were crossed with four testers. The resulting 48
hybrids along with 16 parents were tested in Randomized Block Design with three
replications for their mean performance, combining ability effects, heterosis and
correlation.
The experiment results revealed that hybrid, L4 X T3 performed best for
characters viz., fruit yield per plant (3.53 kg), average fruit weight (93.67 g), yield per
plot (52.95 kg), yield per hectare (51.54 t/ha), number of seeds per fruit (126.67), fruit
firmness (6.17 kg/cm2) and ascorbic acid content (29.98 mg/100g), the hybrid L5 X T3
(5.46 0 B) for total soluble solids, the cross, L12 X T4 for ascorbic acid content (31.37
mg/100 g) lastly for lycopene content the cross, L8 X T4 (11.91mg/100 g) were showed
superior performance. Analysis of variance for general and specific combining ability
revealed the predominance of both additive and non-additive gene action for all the
characters under the study. Three parents viz., L4, L12 and L5 were the best general
combiners with respect yield and yield related traits.
The crosses, L4 X T3 best specific combiner for average fruit weight whereas,
L11 X T2 was the best specific combiners for yield per plant and L6 X T3 was the best
specific combiner for fruit firmness (kg/cm2). The cross, L4 X T3 was found to be best
heterotic hybrid for average fruit weight and fruit firmness (mm) and L8 X T4 was the
best heterotic hybrids with respect to lycopene content of fruit. Yield per plant was
significantly, positively correlated with characters like, number of fruits per plant, yield
per plot and number of seeds per fruit both at phenotypic level and genotypic level.