STUDIES ON TISSUE CULTURE PROPAGATION IN BANANA CV. RAJAPURI BALE (Musa spp., AAB GROUP)
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Date
2018-05
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University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) cv. Rajapuri Bale (AAB) is a popular cultivar of banana
grown in Northern parts of Karnataka especially in Bagalkot, Vijaypur and Belgaum.
The demand for the planting material of this cultivar is high and tissue cultured
plantlets are not available because of the inherent problem in the initial establishment
of the culture and multiplication rate is also low. For facilitating large scale
multiplication of this cultivar, the present investigation was carried out using different
antioxidants and cytokinins to enhance shoot proliferation.
In the present experiment, shoot tip explants were cultured on MS basal
medium supplemented with different kind and concentrations of antioxidants
(ascorbic acid, citric acid, activated charcoal and dark incubation). Among the
different treatments, ascorbic acid at 225 mg/l resulted in effective control of
browning (0 - no browning), higher number of sprouts per explants (0.33) and the
highest aseptic culture establishment (40 %). However, least polyphenol oxidase
activity (39.55 unit/ml/min) and days taken for bud sprouting (21 days) were recorded
with dark incubation followed by ascorbic acid (225 mg/l).
Multiple shoot clump explants inoculated on MS basal medium fortified with
different kinds and concentrations of cytokinins (6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP),
Thiadiazuron (TDZ) and BAP with a- Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Among
different cytokinins, BAP 4.00 mg/l was found best for shoot growth parameters like
per cent regeneration (100 %), days taken for bud sprouting (5.41), number of shoots
per explant (3.13), number of leaves per shoot (2.07), shoot length (4.72 cm),
chlorophyll content and fresh weight of the plantlets (3374.80 mg/plantlet).
The results obtained using RAPD markers showed 94.08 % monomorphism
and 5.92 % polymorphism which was under the permissible limit. The exposure of
banana cultures during in vitro culture to different concentrations of antioxidants and
cytokinins was found to be not associated with the risk of genetic instability as
revealed by RAPD markers.