STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN LOCAL LAND RACES OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) UNDER AEROBIC CONDITION
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Date
2017-07-12
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University of Agricultural & Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga
Abstract
Rice is the principle food crop for more than half of the world’s population. The frequent occurrences of abiotic stress are the key to decreased productivity of rice. Drought is identified as the major abiotic stress affecting the yield of rice.The present study was undertaken to evaluate 49 local land races of rice including checks in field and PVC pipes for screening drought tolerant genotypes, assessing genetic variability, correlation, path coefficients and genetic divergence under control and drought condition. ANOVA revealed highly significant difference for all the characters. Yield per plant was significantly and positively associated with productive tillers per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, seed filling per cent and test weight. Physiological characters like chlorophyll content, relative water content, proline content, root length, root to shoot ratio and root volume showed significant positive correlation with yield under drought condition. Phenotypic path-coefficient analysis revealed that test weight in drought and number of spikelets per panicle under control showed highest direct effect on yield per plant and among physiological characters root length under drought and control condition exhibited highest direct effect on yield. Using Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics, genotypes were grouped into eightclusters, wide genetic variability was indicated by the intra and inter cluster distances. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and cluster VIII under drought condition and between cluster VII and VIII under control condition. Based on yield and yield attributes results under both drought and control conditions the genotypes Sannavaalya, Manjakaime, JGL-1798, Gangadace, Madras sanna and Najarbadwere recommended for drought tolerance breeding programme as well as adoption under drought stress condition.
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