IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE PLANNING FOR A CHAK OF IGKV FARM
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Date
2019
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.)
Abstract
With the advancement of drilling technology along with assured availability of electricity ground water extraction for irrigation started increasing. Simultaneously management of surface irrigation works through diversion structures which requires greater coordination among beneficiaries started deteriorating due to poor coordination among them and easily available ground water lifting options which can be exercised in isolation. The current study carried out at research farm of Raipur campus of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh facing the same problem.
Study is performed with the aim to increase the utilisation of available surface water in the study area carried by diversion canal from one diversion structure (called Bharri dam) constructed on the rivulet in the study area (called Chhokranala). Discharge in the diversion canal were measured as 64.5 lit/sec and to carry the discharges smoothly in the command, revised dimensions of the diversion canal proposed are 2.12 m top width and 0.64 m depth. Critical sections of the diversion canal needs cutting were also identified. Total annual ground water recharge from the study area was assessed as 4,01,880 m³, which is sum of ground water recharges through infiltration, return flow due to surface irrigation by diversion canal, return flow due to bore well irrigation and recharge from tank/ponds (67,500 m³, 1,41,800 m³, 1,86,400 m³ and 6,180 m³ respectively).
Actual carrying capacity of the diversion canal and other 6 drains in the study area was worked out on the basis of their existing dimensions and grades. Required discharge required to be carried out by the diversion canal and other six drains were also worked out on the basis of drainage coefficient. Based on the comparison of required discharge capacity with actual discharge capacity revised dimensions were proposed to drain out the study command quickely during the heavy rainfall.
To reduce the dependency on ground water and efficiently utilize the available flows for irrigation planning in the command of diversion canal, chak was planned for the available flows of diversion canal (44.01 lit/sec) with Paddy as the sole crop during Kharif season. Fortnightly peak net irrigation requirement (NIR) was worked out as 715.92 m³/ha. For a flow period of 6 days in a rotation period of 14 days chak size was worked out as 31.86 ha. Considering 80 percent intensity of irrigation (I.C.A./C.C.A.) for project under consideration chak size will become 39.83 ha.
Peak discharge to be disposed off from the study area carried by the diversion canal and 6 drains was worked out as 3.015 m³/sec. To dispose off this peak discharge quickly from the study area pipe culvert is designed and proposed on the Agrasen Dham road. Hydraulic design of pipe culvert shows the requirement of 4 concrete pipes of 0.66 m diameter and 15.90 m length with socket facing upstream side.
To utilize the diversion canal and other drains for quick disposal of water during heavy rainfall period and for irrigation purpose during dry spells structural measures were proposed on them. Three Diversion boxes were proposed at three locations. Regulation of first diversion box is also proposed which will allow the diversion canal to act as feeder canal at one time and as irrigation canal at other time.
Corrective measures were also suggested for Kharif and Rabi season to increase water productivity. They mainly include deepening of diversion canal, reshaping and reconstruction at places where it gets defunct due to construction.
Regulation of gates proposed at various locations of the tanks near colony were also suggested, leads to increase in the storage by 16,737 cubic meter, out of which 11,932 cubic meter will be available to irrigate the chak command during dry spells, even if there are no flows in the diversion canal. Once sufficient flows are available in Chhokranala, the water diverted through diversion canal is sufficient to irrigate the chak command during dry spells in Kharif season and crop establishment period of Rabi season.
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