EFFECT OF ORGANIC, INORGANIC AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY, PROFITABILITY AND SOIL HEALTH OF SOYBEAN BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN VERTISOLS
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Date
2019
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
A research trial entitled “Effect of organic, inorganic and integrated nutrient management on system productivity, profitability and soil health of soybean based cropping systems in Vertisols” was performed in the kharif and rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at IRF, IGKV, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) which is situated between 210 16’ N Latitude and 810 26’ East Longitude with height of 289.56 m AMSL. The experiment was conducted in strip plot design with three replications. It consisted of six nutrient management schedules; NM1 :100% RDN through organic sources, NM2 : 75% RDN through organic sources + foliar spray of VW (10% ) fb CU (10%) at 30 and 50 DAS/DAT, NM3 :50% RDNthroughorganic + 50% RDNthroughinorganic sources, NM4 :75% RDNthroughorganic+ 25% RDNthroughinorganic sources, NM5 :100% RDNthroughinorganic sources, NM6 :100% RDNthroughinorganic sources + FYM @ 5t ha-1 and four cropping systems CS1 :Soybean -sweet corn , CS2 :Soybean -garden pea, CS3 :Soybean-chilli, CS4 :Soybean-onion. The soil of experimental site was neutral in reaction (pH 7.4 and 7.3), organic carbon (0.58 and 0.60%), low in residual N (215 and 222 kg ha-1) and medium in P(14 and 16 kg ha-1) and Kavailability (278 and 281 kg ha-1) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 respectively. During crop growth period of kharif soybean and rabi crops, a total rainfall of 100.8 and 142.8 mm during kharif and 2.6 and 11.9 mm during rabi in respective years was received. Various observations on growth and yield of crops, soil and plant parameters, system and economics were taken and statistically analyzed.
Results illustrated that all the growth parameters viz.plant tallness, DMA, CGR and yield attributing characters (no. of pods per plant , no. of seeds per pod, seed index, no. of nodules per plant, dry weight of nodules, seed yield) as well as nutrient contents (nutrient use efficiency, oil and protein content) were highest under the application of 75% RDN through organic sources + foliar spray of VW (10% ) fb CU (10%) at 30 and 50 DAS/DAT (NM2) which consequently led to peak mean grain yield (20.24 q ha-1), net realization (Rs 2,29,335 ha-1) and net return per rupee invested (2.80) of soybean. Among various cropping systems, soybean-garden pea (CS2) gave higher grain yield (18.41 q ha-1) but net realization (Rs 1,96,191 ha-1) and B: C ratio (2.25) were more in soybean-sweet corn sequence (CS1).
On the basis of mean of two year data, the plant height, nutrient uptake, yield attributes and yield of rabi crops were higher in NM2 except the nutrient uptake, yield attributing characters and yield of onion (43.44 mm bulb diameter, 87 g fresh bulb weight and bulb yield of 159.89 q ha-1) which were higher under 100% RDN inorganically with 5 t ha-1 FYM (NM6).
The nutrient schedule supplying 100% RDN organically raised the organic carbon (0.69 and 0.70% during kharif and rabi season, respectively) . Application of 100% RDN inorganically with 5 t ha-1 FYM (NM6) raised the mean residual N, P and K in soil post harvest of kharif (248.83, 21.72 and 379.24kg ha-1) and rabi crops (252.05, 22.00 and 384.23 kg ha-1), respectively. The microbial study revealed that the average PSB count at 50 DAS (49.73 and 37.23 x 105) and at harvest (26.25 and 18.75 x 104) during kharif and rabi, respectively were significantly higher under application of 75% RDNthroughorganic and 25% RDNthroughinorganic sources (NM4). The average azotobacter population at 50DAS (41.58 and 52.58 x 105) and at harvest (35.96 and 45.96 x 104) during kharif and rabi season, respectively were significantly higher under 100% RDN through organic sources (NM1).
Among the indices of system analysis, soybean equivalent yield (53.39 q ha-1), system productivity (72.62 q ha-1), production efficiency (26.95 kg ha-1 day-1), economic efficiency (628.32 Rs ha-1 day-1),productivity rating index (93.59%) and nutrient use efficiency (187.00, 183.82 and 254.67 kg kg-1 N, P and K respectively) were significantly highest under application of 75% RDN through organic sources + foliar spray of organic formulations(NM2). Among all cropping systems, all these parameters except nutrient use efficiency were higher under soybean-sweet corn system (CS1). The nutrient use efficiency (187.00, 183.82 and 254.67 kg kg-1 N, P and K, respectively), land use efficiency (63.70%) and employment generation efficiency (55.89%) were maximum in soybean-chilli system (CS3).
Description
EFFECT OF ORGANIC, INORGANIC AND INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY, PROFITABILITY AND SOIL HEALTH OF SOYBEAN BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN VERTISOLS
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