STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)
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Date
2018-07-31
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College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, HYD-30
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Studies on genetic diversity for yield
and yield attributes in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was carried out to analyse the
genetic diversity, genetic variability, correlation and path analysis of yield and yield
attributing traits in brinjal genotypes. Thirty five brinjal germplasm lines were
evaluated in a Randomized Block Design with three replications at the PG Research
Block, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman
Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar during rabi, 2017-18.
The Randomized Block Design ANOVA revealed highly significant
differences among the genotypes for all the traits indicating the presence of sufficient
variability in the experimental material. The result of mean performance of thirty
five genotypes for nineteen characters revealed that the genotype, IC-136148
recorded the highest plant height (104.19 cm), number of fruits per plant (26.33),
average fruit weight (0.19 kg), fruit yield per plant (3.07 kg) and total phenol content
(59.23 mg/ 100g). The genotype IC-136546 recorded the highest number of branches
per plant and IC-136237 for days to first flowering (36.55 days) and days to 50
percent flowering (37.67 days) were also reported. The genotype, IC-136096
recorded the highest number of flower clusters per plant (24.27). The highest number
of fruits per cluster of 2.50 and days to last harvest (157.67) was recorded by the
genotype IC-136231.
The genotype IC-136311 recorded less number of days for first harvest
(51.67days), IC-136196 for fruit length (16.90 cm) and IC-136184 were registered
highest value for fruit width (6.49 cm) . The highest ascorbic acid content of 7.44
mg/100g was recorded by the genotype IC-136176. The genotype, IC-136309 in
12.93 percent was found to be tolerant to shoot and fruit borer infestation.
Mahalanobis’ D² analysis established the presence of wide genetic diversity
among 35 genotypes by the formation of ten clusters. The maximum intra-cluster
distance was shown by cluster VII (51.74). High inter cluster distance was observed
between cluster IX and X (172.39) followed by cluster VII and X (156.09).
These cluster have been formed based on the contribution of different
characters towards divergence. The results showed that the Days to first flowering
contributed maximum (23.7 %) towards diversity by taking 141 times first ranking,
followed by fruits per plant (19.66 %) by 117 times, fruit length (15.29 %) by 91
times, days to first harvest (8.07 %) by 48 times, shoot and fruit borer infestation
(7.73 %) by 46 times, fruit yield (7.23%) by 43 times, ascorbic acid content (6.22%)
each by 37 times, fruit width (2.86%) by 17 times, flower cluster per plant (2.68%)
by 16 times, number of flower per cluster (2.02%) by 12 times, total phenol content
(1.68%) by 10 times, days to first harvest (1.34 %) by 8 times, fruit weight (0.84) by
5 time and plant height (0.67%) by 4 times.
Heritability values were high for all the characters studied. High
heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for
the characters viz., days to first flowering, number of fruits per plant, number of
fruits per clusters, fruit length, average fruit weight, ascorbic acid and shoot and fruit
borer infestation.
The estimates PCV and GCV were high for number of fruits per cluster,
number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit width, average fruit weight, fruit yield
per plant, ascorbic acid content, total phenol content and shoot and fruit borer
infestation.
From correlation studies, yield per plant exhibited high significant and
positive association with fruit length, fruit width, average fruit weight and total
phenol content. These character should form selection criteria in breeding
programmes. Direct selection based on these traits could result in simultaneous
improvement of traits and fruit yield in brinjal.
In the path analysis, the characters viz. days to 50% flowering, number of
flower clusters per plant, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per plant,
days to first harvest, average fruit weight, days to last harvest, fruit length, fruit
width, average fruit weight and total phenol content showed positive correlation and
positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant.
Based on the present investigation, five genotypes viz., IC-136148, IC-
212426, IC-136237, IC-136184 and IC-136231 have been identified as promising
with particular reference to the characters viz., plant height, days to first flowering,
days to 50% flowering, days to last harvest, fruit length, fruit width, shoot and fruit
borer infestation, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and ascorbic acid. Hence
after multi location trails these may be released for commercial cultivars.
The genotypes with positive genes for quality parameters can be included in
pedigree programmes to isolate transgressive seggregants or for further improvement.
Description
Based on the present investigation, five genotypes viz., IC-136148, IC-
212426, IC-136237, IC-136184 and IC-136231 have been identified as promising
with particular reference to the characters viz., plant height, days to first flowering,
days to 50% flowering, days to last harvest, fruit length, fruit width, shoot and fruit
borer infestation, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and ascorbic acid. Hence
after multi location trails these may be released for commercial cultivars.
The genotypes with positive genes for quality parameters can be included in
pedigree programmes to isolate transgressive seggregants or for further improvement.
Keywords
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Citation
Sri Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30