CLINICAL- HAEMATOBIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON CANINE ANEMIA
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Date
2017-12
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
Abstract:
The study entitled “Clinical, Haemato–Biochemical and Therapeutic studies
on Canine Anemiaʺ was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Medicine, Small
animal ward, Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC) N.T.R College of Veterinary Science,
Gannavaram and NTR Super Speciality Veterinary Hospital (SSVH) Vijayawada, during
the period of December 2017 to July 2018. During this period 1203 dogs were screened
an 380 of them were found anemic. Among them 48 anemic dogs (24 Mild anemic dogs
and 24 moderate anemic dogs) were selected randomly for clinical study.
The present study revealed prevalence of anemia accounted 31.59%. The gender
wise prevalence is higher in male dogs rather than female dogs. Age wise prevalence of
canine anemia has noticed highest prevalence at the age group of 6 months to 4 years
(31.32%) and breed wise highest prevalence recorded in Germen shepherd (23.42%)
followed by Labrador (21.84%). In present study etiology of anemia revealed highest prevalence due to A. caninum (18.95%), followed by tick infestation (15.26%), haemorrahagic gastro entiritis
( 12.11%), hepatic disorders (11.05%), peduculosis ( 7.37%) , parvo viral infection (
7.37%), Renal Disorders (7.11), Demodectic mange ( 6.05%), Gastro entiritis ( 5.53%),
Sarcoptic mange (5.00%), Toxocara infection ( 2.11%), Leptospirosis (1.05%),
Babesiosis ( 0.79%) and lowest prevalence was noted in Hepatozoon infection (0.26%).
Out of 48 cases 81.25% dogs showed hypothermia, and 18.75% dogs showed
hyperthermia, tachycardia (72.92%), tachypnoea (60.42%), bradycardia (27.08%),
bradypnoea (39.58%) were recorded in anemic dogs. Dogs showed pale mucous
membrane (64.58%), congested mucous membrane (29.17%) and icteric mucous
membranes (6.25%) were recorded. The pale mucous membrane was recorded as a
common clinical sign in the most of the cases. In mild anemic dogs body condition score
(BCS) recorded in 54.17% of dogs were ideal weight, where as moderate anemic dogs
37.50% were under weight. Majority of mild anemic dogs has normocytic and normochromic anemia where as moderate anemic dogs has normocytic hypochromic anemia.
Therapeutic regimen of anemic dogs were further grouped as Group –I: (n=12)
mild anemic dogs treated with oral allopathic haematinic Group – II: (n=12) mild
anemic dogs treated with oral ayurvedic haematinic. Group –III: (n=12) moderate
anemic dogs treated with parenteral iron dextran (10 mg/kgbwt) once in a week along
with allopathic haematinic. Group – IV: (n=12) moderate anemic dogs treated with
parenteral iron dextran (10 /kgbwt) once in a week along with oral ayurvedic haematinic.
The results reveals allopathic and ayurvedic medication has almost similar
efficacy, comparatively ayurvedic drug treated dogs has shown less side effects like
constipation compared to allopathic medication. Whereas moderate anemic dogs will
give fast recovery with parenteral low molecular iron dextran along with either allopathic
or ayurvedic haematinics.
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