DESIGN DEVELOPMENT FROM KONDAPALLI TOYS
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Date
2001
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Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University
Abstract
The mostbeautiful part ofIndian handicrafts lies in its toys and dolls. Indiahasaglorioustraditionintoys. Alargevarietyofmaterialsis usedforthemanufactureoftoysanddolls. TheStateofAndhraPradesh is very rich in its range and variety of toys and the best known are Kondapalli toys, made at Kondapalli village in Vijayawada of Krishna district. The artisans who make them are known as Aryakshatriyas (a sectionofpeopleinvolvedinwoodcarving). Theirspecialtyismakingtoys thatarecenteredroundthemselvesandthedifferentvocationscommonto arurallifelikeoccupationaltoys,thesinglefigureofdeities,especiallythe ten avataras(divine—manifestations)areextremelypopular. Thestyleis realistic,buthasararedelicacyoftouch,andmeticulousexecutionofthe smallest details. The faces of all the Kondapalli toys are sensitively
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expressive. ThebeautifulAmbarielephant,birdsandanimalsarefewwell known Kondaplli toys. However, the craft restricted itself as toys of differentforms. Asthecraftsmenarefacing financialconstraints,theyare enteringintootheralternativejobsleavingtheirancestralprofession. The presentstudywastakenuptodiversifythiscraftbyapplyingitondifferent textilearticles.
A survey was conducted in Kondapalli village to know about differenttypesoftoysofKondapalli,colours, figuresandtechniquesused. The marketsurvey conducted in Hyderabad and Secunderabad, revealed _ that, there were no such designs adopted for any textile items. The findingsofthesurveyrevealedthedetailsofthe Kondapallitoys, colours and the economics ofthe work. Hence, an attemptwas made by the investigator to give a new dimension to the lesser known craft and to populariseitbyapplying itondifferenttextileitemsusingscreen printing technique. TwentybasicdesignsweredevelopedfrommostpopularKondapalli toysandmodifiedforapplicationtosareewithblouse,salwarsuitsandbed sheetswithpillowcovers. Threedesignsofeachitemwereselectedoutof these20basicdesignsbyapanelofjudges. Blendedfabricof40P/60Cwas selectedforsarees, 67p/33cforsalwarsuitsand longclothforbed sheets withpillowcovers.
Alltheitemswereprintedbyscreenprintingtechniquewithpigment dyes. The colour combinations used for both the background and the designwerelimited. Forthebackgroundpeach,skyblue,pinkwereused, whereasdesignsareprintedin monocolour,and multicolouraccordingto theend usedesign. Alltheitemswere printed using small sizescreens insteadoflargescreensusedincommercialscreenprintingmethod. Theaboveprinteditemsweresubjectedforevaluationtoknowthe consumeracceptability. Evaluationwasdonebyapanelof30judges,who consisted oftheteaching staffand PostGraduatestudents ofCollegeof . HomeScience,AcharyaN.G.RangaAgriculturalUniversity,Hyderabad. Fromthefindings,itcanbeconcludedthat,animalsandbirdsmotifs in stylised form were more accepted and they have an edge over the occupational toy motifs, as they resemble the minatureform of human figures. The designs on sarees were preferred by the panel ofjudges first,followedbythesalwarsuitsdesignsandbedsheetswithpillowcovers gotthethird preferencebythejudges. The study revealed thatthese designeditemscouldbepopularisedoncommercialbasis. Whenthepresentstudyiscomparedwithotherstudies,mostofthe studies were conducted on adoption oftribal arts and crafts related to textiles such as Banjara work and Pipli work, adoption offolk paintings XVII
such‘ as Madhubani paintings, wall paintings ofWarli and Savara. This study‘DESIGNDEVELOPMENTFROMKONDAPALLITOYS'isuniquewherethe designsaredevelopedfromthetoy figuresasthebasicmotifsfordesign developmentontextileitems. Thus,”fromthestudy,itwasfoundthat‘DESIGNDEVELOPMENTFROM KONDAPALLI TOYs' was a novel application of folk art which was successfullyaccomplished and opened newavenuesforthedesignersto explore.
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D6441