Assessment of genetic diversity and path analysis in pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) under tarai condition of Uttarakhand
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Date
2016-08
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present study was carried out at Vegetable Research Center of G.B.P.U.A & T., Pantnagar during summer-rainy season, 2015. Thirty six genotypes of pointed gourd were grown in Augmented Block Design II with three checks (Kashi Alankar, Swarna Rekha and Rajendra Parwal1) which were arranged in six blocks, each block possess six genotypes and three checks. Observations were recorded on twenty yield and its contributing characters. Statistical analysis of data was done using the standard programme for genetic variability in general performance, PCV, GCV, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, D2 analysis, principal component analysis of component traits and path analysis on yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference for most of the character except seed weight per fruit. A narrow range of genetic differences between the PCV and GCV indicates that the traits are mostly governed by genetic factors with minimum environmental influence on the phenotypic expression of these traits. High genetic advance coupled with high heritability was found for number of fruits per plant, nodes per vine, average fruit weight and days to first female flowering suggested that there is high scope for improvement in these characters through direct phenotypic selection. Fruit weight per plant (0.99), number of fruits per plant (0.73), fruit length (0.59) and nodes per vine (0.30) were highly significant and positively correlated with the fruit yield. The phenotypic path coefficient showed a direct positive effect by traits like fruit length (0.59), fruit circumference (0.33), average fruit weight (0.49), number of primary branches (0.35), nodes per vine (0.30), number of fruits per plant (0.73), fruit weight per plant (0.99) on fruit yield, whereas seed weight per fruit (-0.33) showed a direct negative effect on fruit yield. A total of eight principal components were identified with principal component analysis which accounts 83.63 per cent of total variation. All the thirty nine genotypes of pointed gourd were classified into seven non-overlapping clusters on the basis of D2 analysis and maximum inter-cluster distance were found between cluster VII and IV (72.42). This indicate that inter genotypic crosses between the members of cluster VII and IV would exhibit high heterosis and is also likely to produce new recombinants with desired traits. High cluster mean value for total soluble solid (4.13), number of primary branches (8.46), vine length (7.74) and nodes per vine (77.45) were presented in cluster III, however cluster I perceived genotypes with highest mean value for fruit length (9.35), fruit dry matter (7.24). Among the various traits studied, number of fruits per plant contributed the maximum (84.48%) towards divergence. Among the 36 genotypes, three genotypes namely PPG-12 (31.22 t), PPG-16 (28.32 t), PPG-1 (28.22 t) were found most promising for fruit yield per hectare over the best check i.e. Kashi Alankar (26.80 t). Thus, with this study it may be concluded that above information about genetic divergence can be utilized in pointed gourd future breeding programme for the development of high yielding and commercial cultivar.
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