INVESTIGATIONS ON SEED MYCOFLORA OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
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Date
2015-07-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Chickpea seeds are infected by various 01:ganisms affecting gem1ination, leading to yield loss. Thirty samples of chickpea seeds collected · from eleven districts of Kamataka and tested for mycoflora by employing standard blotter method which revealed the association of fifteen fungi viz., Aspergillus sp., Alternaria alternata,, Penicillium sp., Rhizopus sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, Fusarium sp., Mucor sp., Curvularia sp., Phoma sp., Chaetomium glohosum, Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotium ro(f..ii. Seed samples collected from Dharwad, Kalburagi and Bengalmu districts recorded the highest mycoflora. Seeds of chickpea genotypes collected from Bengalurn and screened for seed mycoflora. Employing different methods; of them blotter test was found ideal in enumerating seed mycoflora. Location of mycoflora in chickpea seeds showed that A. fl.avus was confined to both seed coat and cotyledons, whereas Fusarium to embryo. Survival of mycoflora on chickpea seeds revealed that field fungi decreased, but storage fungi increased after six months of storage. Hot water treatment at 50 °C for 30 minutes was best in managing seed mycoflora followed by solar heat treatment and dry heat treatment. Seed treatment with captan at the rate 4 g kg"1 of seed recorded significant reduction of seed mycoflora (83.2 %). Trichoderma harzianum seed treatment at the rate of 8 g kg"1 of seed reduced seed mycoflora up to (79.1 %) followed by Pseudomonasfluorescences (77.3 %) and Bacillus subtilis (76 %).
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