CLINICO – BIOCHEMICAL AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON COLIBACILLOSIS IN BUFFALO CALVES
Loading...
Date
2012-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI – 517 502. (A.P) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
The prevalence of colibacillosis was 37.91 while it was 40.00, 44.27 and 27.60 per cent at Campus Hospital, Veterinary Dispensaries and organized dairy farms respectively. The prevalence percentage of colibacillosis out of total diarrhoeic calves screened was 21.57, 13.07, 2.61 and 1.88 in age groups of upto 3 days, 4-7 days, 8-14 days and 15-30 days respectively. A highly significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in the prevalence of colibacillosis between the different age groups. The prevalence was higher in calves which were deficient in floor space, deprived of colostrum and male calves. Out of the 153 diarrhoeic calves screened, E. coli alone was isolated from 28.10 % calves. E. coli as mixed bacterial infection (9.8%); endoparasites (21.57%); parasites in combination with bacteria (24.18%) and unknown etiology of diarrhoea (16.33%) were the other causes. The antibacterial drug sensitivity test by disc-diffusion method revealed that more number of isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone (86.67%) followed by ofloxacin (73.33%), gentamicin (70.00%), enrofloxacin (63.33%) and chloramphenicol (56.67%). There was a significant increase (P<0.01) in temperature, pulse, respiration in colibacillosis calves. The mean hemoglobin (gm/dL) value in apparently healthy calves was recorded to be 11.21±0.19 while the same in diarrhoeic calves was 13.26±0.21, 13.47±0.10 and 13.38±0.16 gm/dL in Group I, II and III respectively. The mean PCV (%) in healthy calves was 33.00±0.66 and the same in colibacillosis calves of Group I, II and III was recorded as 41.40±0.70, 40.80±0.64 and 42.00±0.69% respectively. There was significantly high level of hemoglobin and PCV in all the groups and the values returned to normal levels in a period of 5 days after therapy.
The mean serum glucose (mg/dL) in healthy calves was 73.13±1.81 while the same was 43.33±1.38, 42.40±1.18 and 40.06±1.32 mg/dL in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves respectively. The mean total protein (gm/dL) value in normal healthy calves was 7.15±0.09 and the corresponding values in Group I, Group II and Group III colibacillosis calves were 9.03±0.16, 9.21±0.22 and 9.66±0.14 (gm/dL) respectively. A significantly higher pre treatment level of serum protein (gm/dL) was noted in all the buffalo calves and declined to normal levels close to healthy control in a period of 5 days following therapy. The colibacillosis calves were randomly divided into three groups and therapeutic trails were undertaken. On the whole in Group I out of 15 affected calves clinical recovery was noticed in 9 (60.00%) calves in a period of 4-5 days. Two calves of Group I (13.33%) died. In Group II, 12 (80.00%) calves showed clinical recovery with a mortality rate of 6.67% (1 calf) and the duration of time for recovery being 3-4 days. In Group III all the 15 calves recovered with 100% efficacy within 2-3 days and no mortality was recorded in this group. A significant (P<0.05) difference was noticed among 3 treatment groups with regard to recovery rate. Ceftriaxone treated (Group III) calves recovered in shortest period (2-3 days) while, ofloxacin treated (Group II) calves took 3-4 days for recovery and gentamicin treated (Group I) calves showed recovery after 4-5 days with 100, 80 and 60% recovery rates. On the basis of the present study it may be inferred that early initiation of therapy with the most sensitive antibiotic like ceftriaxone in combination with oral rehydration solution, activated charcoal and kaolin pectin suspension will result in quick and prompt recovery with reduction in morbidity and mortality in colibacillosis affected buffalo calves.
Description
THESES
Keywords
null