STUDIES ON THE QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF WELL WATERS WITH REFERENCE TO SOIL CHARACTERISTICS IN HAVELI TAHSIL OF PUNE DISTRICT
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Date
02-12-04
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI-413 722, DIST. AHMEDNAGAR, MAHARASHTRA STATE. (INDIA)
Abstract
An investigation entitled "Studies on the quality assessment of well water with reference to soil characteristics in Haveli tahsil of Pune district" was carried out during the year 2003-2004. Irrigation water samples from different wells were collected for quality appraisal. The soil samples from irrigated and adjoining unirrigated field were also collected from Haveli tahsil to study the effect of these irrigation water on the soil chemical properties. The total 51 samples were collected in three intervals i.e. July 03, November, 03 and April, 04 and analysed for various constituents. The water samples were analysed for various water quality parameters and constituents viz., pH, EC, cations (Ca""", Mg"1^, Na+, K+), anions (C03"\ HC03', Cl", S04~) and boron. The water samples were found saline to sodic in nature and sodium as cation and sulphate as anion were dominant in well water sample. From the constituents derived parameters like SAR, RSC and Kelley's ratio were estimated. The average values of pH, EC and SARjw were 7.99, 2.82 dSm'1 and 7.49 (mmol L"')1/2 5 respectively. The RSC values of irrigation water samples were ranging from -8.37 to 1.39 meL"1. According to the criteria for the suitability of irrigation water the classes were of following order. C3S1 > C2S1 > C4S1. Continuous use of such quality water without drainage and soil management practices may lead to the saline and sodic soils, particularly in the soils with impeded drainage properties. The average boron concentration noticed in water samples was under permissible limit for most of the irrigation water analysed (0.66 ppm). An experiment was conducted to simulate the effect of this water on chemical properties of soil. Among the soil parameter, the pH of both irrigated and unirrigated soil was moderately alkaline in nature. The EC of unirrigated soils was higher than EC of irrigated soil. Among the exchangeable cations, Ca^ was predominant and fallowed by Mg^, Na+ and K+ in both irrigated and unirrigated soils. In irrigated soils EC of the water showed significantly positive correlation with exchangeable Ca+\ Mg++, Na+ and K+. The TSS and boron content of water significantly and positively correlated with EC, exchangeable Ca44", Mg^, Na+ and K+.