Economic analysis of impact of river water quality on agriculture and rural livelihoods – a case study of bhima river in Karnataka
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Abstract
Water pollution is a major environmental concern in India. Poor quality of water adversely
affects the plant growth and human health. Water pollution is a cause for many diseases and thereby
it affects income of a household. Due to illness an individual is not able to work, that is loss of wage in
illness period. The medical expenditure increases for recurring diseases due to water pollution. The
present study was conducted in Indi taluk of Bijapur district in Karnataka, with an objective to analyze
the economic impact of river water quality on agriculture and rural livelihoods. The results revealed
that river water is not suitable for irrigation and not suitable for drinking in the study seasons.
Decomposition model showed that in sugarcane crop the contribution of water pollution towards yield
difference was 0.88 per cent. Average yield difference between polluted and non polluted villages was
3.43 tonnes/ha of worth ` 6177.6. Average per annum veterinary expenses by the household was `
1710, in polluted villages which was more by 34.33 per cent compared to that in non polluted village.
The household in polluted villages spent ` 8,197 per household per annum on medical expenses,
which was 16.26 per cent more when compared to medical expenses ` 7,050 spent in non polluted
villages. Hence, Government should initiate urgent effective measures to control or regulate pollution
and organize awareness programmes regarding health risks by use of polluted water.
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