Climate variability and its effect on cropping pattern and farm income : an economic assessment in Dharwad District of Karnataka
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UASD
Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges the world is facing today. Despite
technological advances, weather is still a key factor in agricultural productivity. The effect of climate
on agriculture is related to variability in local climates rather than in global climate patterns. Most
agronomists believe that agricultural production will be mostly affected by the severity and pace of
climate change (called “climate variability”), not so much by gradual trends in climate (called “climate
change”). The effects of climate variability are many folds. There is a need to create awareness about
its impact on various sectors of agrarian economy.
The present study analyzed the climate variability and its effect on cropping pattern and farm
income in Dharwad District of Karnataka. The study is based on both secondary and primary data.
Primary data were collected from Dharwad taluka of Dharwad district, which was purposively selected
owing to the presence of agro-climatic observatory. The sample consisted of 120 farm households
randomly selected from four villages spread within a radius of 20 km from the meteorological
observatory. The data thus collected were analyzed by using compound annual growth rate, multiple
regression models, Garrett’s ranking technique, percentages, means, coefficient of variation, mean
deviation, correlation matrix and other descriptive statistics.
In terms of variability, rainfall showed the highest coefficient of variation, followed by relative
humidity, minimum temperature and maximum temperature. The highest mean rainfall was received
during monsoon, post-monsoon and pre-monsoon periods across the study. The highest variation
was observed in pre- monsoon rainfall, followed by post-monsoon rainfall, while the least was in the
case of monsoon rainfall. This needs a sound ‘Contingent Farm Planning’ by the farmers supported
by the extension agencies. Dharwad and Hubli taluks had highest positive correlation (0.8816) in
terms of annual rainfall, followed by Hubli-Kundgol, Kundgol-Navalgund and Kalaghatgi-Kundgol
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