EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM ON GROWTH, YIELD AND STORAGE QUALITY OF ONION (Allium cepa L.) CV. PHULE SAFED
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Date
1995-02-28
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MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH RAHURI 413 722 DIST - AHMEDNAGAR. Maharashtra State (India)
Abstract
The present investigation was undertaken during the winter season of 1992-93 at Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri with a view to standardize the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium requirement of newly recommended onion cv. Phule Safed. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with 3 replications consisting of 14 treatments, comprising, three levels of nitrogen (100, 125, 150 kg/ha), two levels (50, 75 kg/ha) each of phosphorus and potassium, F.Y.M. (20 t/ha) and control. Application of nitrogen at 125 kg/ha and phosphorus t 75 kg/ha produced maximum plant height, number of leaves, diameter and average weight of bulb. But potassium at 75 kg/ha increased only number of leaves, polar diameter and average weight. Minimum percentage of bolting was observed at 150 kg N/ha and 75 kg K20/ha. However, percentage of bolting was maximum with application of phosphorus at 75 kg/ha. Maximum marketable and total yield was obtained with application of 125 kg N/ha. Total yield was maximum due to application of 75 kg PjOg/ha. There was no significant effects of potassium on marketable as well as total yield of onion bulbs. The maximum TSS, dry matter, reducing sugars and total sugars were recorded with 100 kg N/ha, 50 kg P205/ha and 75 kg K^O/ha. Higher levels of nitrogen beyond 125 kg/ha and phosphorus beyond 50 kg/ha had adverse effect on biochemical constituents in bulb. Storage quality as measured by sprouting, PLW and total losses revealed that higher levels of nitrogen and phosphorus beyond 12 5 kg/ha and 75 kg/ha respectively had adverse influence on storage quality, whereas potassium at 75 kg/ha improved it. However, rotting losses were not significantly affected due to various levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. There was significant influence of various levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on leaf nutrient status. The leaf nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased with increased application of the respective element. The overall results indicated that for maximum growth, yield and storage quality nitrogen at 125 kg/ha, phosphorus at 75 kg/ha and potassium at 75 kg/ha should be applied and the onion bulbs may be stored for 60 days only.
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