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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Agriculture University, Jodhpur was established on 14th September, 2013 by Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Jodhpur Act 21 of 2013 to focus on holistic development of arid and semi-arid regions of the state covering 6 districts (Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali, Jalore and Sirohi), constituting 28% of total geographical area which is sustaining 20.8% human and 28.4% animal population of the state. The districts under jurisdiction of the university cover 3 agro-ecological zones of the state. These are Arid Western Plain Zone Ia (Jodhpur and Barmer districts), Transitional plain of Luni Basin Zone IIb (Jalore, Pali, and Sirohi districts) and part of Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone IIa (Nagaur district). The university has 1 institute of diploma and 3 colleges to produce highly competent educated human resources in agriculture and allied sciences besides 2 agricultural research stations, one each in zone Ia & IIb and 3 agricultural research sub stations, one in each zone to prepare, plan and perform highly need based research in this acute water scarce but naturally rich bio-diversified zone of the country. The third most important part in tri-pillar (Teaching, Research & Extension) of agricultural development, the extension for transfer of technologies are reached to doorsteps of the farming community by 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (K-V-Ks), 2 in Nagaur district and 1 each in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore & Sirohi districts under the umbrella of the university. The different units of teaching, research and extension are coordinating to systematically run by the headquarter situated at Mandor, Jodhpur.
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ThesisItem Open Access Agronomic Evaluation of Straight and Customized Fertilizer Formulation in Different Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. emend Stuntz] Hybrids(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-07-04) Kumar, Manoj; Singh, Ummed; Singh, Ishwar; Parewa, Hanuman Prasad; Verma, J.R.A field experiment was conducted at ICAR-All India Coordinated Research Project on Pearl Millet, Research Farm, Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur (Agriculture University, Jodhpur) during kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) and replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of three fertility levels (Control, Nutrient supply through straight fertilizers and Nutrient supply through customized fertilizer) and seven different pearl millet hybrids (‘MPMH 21’, ‘MPMH 17’, ‘RHB 177’, ‘RHB 173’, ‘HHB 67 (Improved)’, ‘HHB 197’ and ‘HHB 272’). Findings based on pooled analysis of data exhibited that application of customized fertilizer substantially enhanced growth attributes viz., plant height (192.2 cm), days to 50% flowering (45.7 days), days to maturity (85.3 days), dry matter accumulation (72.72 g/plant) and total number of tillers/metre row length (24.0) over control. Interaction effect between fertility levels and hybrids on dry matter accumulation was found significantly positive. Hybrid ‘RHB 173’ attained maximum dry matter accumulation (76.42 g/plant) with the application of customized fertilizer on pooled basis. Further, addition of customized fertilizer substantially improved yield attributing characters viz., number of effective tillers/metre row length (22.6), ear head length (23.10 cm), ear head girth (26.66 mm) and 1,000 grains weight (9.53 g) over control. Application of customized fertilizer recorded markedly higher grain yield (2,010 kg/ha), straw yield (3,417 kg/ha), biological yield (5,426 kg/ha) and harvest index (37.02%) over control and straight fertilizer. Marked variations in N, P, K and Zn content in different plant parts have been noticed with the application of customized fertilizer. Application of customized fertilizer recorded markedly higher N (0.105, 0.105 and 0.099%), P (0.332, 0.281 and 0.261%), K (0.705, 0.585 and 1.235%) and Zn (45.27, 46.54 and 47.29 mg/kg) content in root, shoot and leaf of pearl millet over control. Additionally, significant improvement in crude protein content (11.34%) and protein yield (228.9 kg/ha) were also recorded with application of customized fertilizer over control on pooled basis. Application of customized fertilizer recorded markedly higher N (1.814 and 0.580%), P (0.263 and 0.125%), K (0.687 and 1.987%) and Zn (56.42 and 30.03 mg/kg) content in grain and straw of pearl millet over control. Interaction effect between fertility levels and hybrids on N, P and K content in grain and straw was found statistically significant. Hybrid ‘RHB 173’ recorded maximum N, P and K content in grain and straw by application of customized fertilizer on pooled basis. Albeit, hybrid ‘HHB 67 Improved’ recorded greater Zn content in grain and hybrid ‘HHB 197’ recorded maximum Zn content in straw with the application of customized fertilizer.Marked improvement in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc uptake by grain (36.62, 5.28, 13.82 kg/ha and 113.64 g/ha) and straw (19.86, 4.04, 67.96 kg/ha and 102.65 g/ha) was recorded with the application of customized fertilizer over control and straight fertilizers. Application of customized fertilizer substantially enhanced nutrient use indices of N, P, K and Zn viz., agronomic use efficiency (12.4, 24.9, 74.7 and 149.3), recovery efficiency (42.2, 13.3, 358.6 and 1.64%) and nutrient harvest index (64.7, 55.2, 16.9 and 52.4%) over control. Hybrid ‘MPMH 17’ substantially enhanced growth attributes viz., dry matter accumulation (66.85 g/plant) and total number of tillers/metre row length (22.4) over control. Further, the pearl millet hybrid ‘MPMH 17’ also recorded marked improvement in yield attributes viz., number of effective tillers/metre row length (21.2) and grain (1,958 kg/ha), straw (3,466 kg/ha) and biological (5,424 kg/ha) yields over rest of the hybrids. Marked variations in N, P, K and Zn content in different plant parts have been noticed among various pearl millet hybrids. Markedly higher N (0.106, 0.105 and 0.097) content in root, shoot and leaf of pearl millet was recorded by the hybrids MPMH 17’. Hybrid ‘RHB 173’ recorded significantly higher N (1.771 and 0.563%), P (0.250 and 0.122%) and K (0.638 and 1.842%) content in grain and straw of pearl millet over rest of the hybrids. Substantially higher nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc uptake by grain (34.60, 4.92, 12.65 kg/ha and 120.20 g/ha) and straw (19.47, 4.17, 65.23 kg/ha and 102.11 g/ha) was recorded by hybrid, ‘MPMH 17’ on pooled basis. Hybrid ‘RHB 173’ recorded marked improvement in nutrient use indices of N, P, K and Zn viz., agronomic use efficiency and (8.8, 17.7, 53.0 and 106.1), recovery efficiency (31.1, 9.3, 246.7 and 1.16%) on pooled basis. Post-harvest soil fertility analysis after pearl millet significantly improved available nitrogen (175.9 kg/ha), phosphorus (17.68 kg/ha), potassium (311.0 kg/ha) and zinc (0.53 mg/kg) with the application of customized fertilizer on pooled basis. Moreover, hybrid ‘MPMH 21’ significantly enhanced available nitrogen (168.7 kg/ha), phosphorus (16.37 kg/ha) and potassium (299.4 kg/ha) in the experimental soil after harvest of pearl millet on pooled basis. Economic analysis envisages, application of customized fertilizer fetched significantly higher gross return (`58,700/ha), net return (`36,307/ha) and B: C ratio (2.62) over control. Likewise, markedly higher gross return (`57,874/ha), net return (`37,711/ha) and B: C ratio (2.86) was obtained by hybrid, ‘MPMH 17’ on pooled basis. Thus, based on the findings of the present investigation, it may be inferred that fertilization of pearl millet hybrid ‘MPMH 17’ with customized fertilizer fetched higher productivity (2,391 kg grain/ha) and proved most remunerative (`47,031/ha net return and 3.10; B: C ratio) on pooled basis, respectively in Arid western plain zone of Rajasthan.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of Fertility Levels and Different Herbicides on the Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-07-04) Sarita; Singh, Ishwar; Mehriya, Moti Lal; Parewa, Hanuman Prasad; Chandawat, M.S.A field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture-Jodhpur, Rajasthan (Agriculture University, Jodhpur) during Rabi seasons of 2018-19 and 2019-20. The experiment consisted of three fertility levels [75% RDF (90-30 kg N-P2O5/ha), 100% RDF (120-40 kg N-P2O5/ha) and 125% RDF (150-50 kg N-P2O5/ha)] and seven herbicidal treatments (trisulfuron @ 15 g/ha 35 DAS; sulfosulfuron 75% + metsulfuron methyl 5% @ 32 g/ha 35 DAS; clodinafop propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha 35 DAS; carfentrazon @ 20 g/ha 35 DAS; metsulfuron methyl @ 4 g/ha 35 DAS; weedy check and weed free check). The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design (SPD) with RDF in main and herbicides in sub plot replicated three times. Findings based on pooled analysis indicate that the lowest total weed dry weight at harvest was recorded with application of 75% RDF (24.72 g/m2 ). The N, P and K depletion by weed at 50 DAS and at harvest were increased significantly with increasing level of fertility upto 125% RDF. The plant height (89.14 cm) and crop dry matter (300.8 g/meter row length) at harvest stage were increased significantly up to 100% RDF on pooled basis. The LAI at 50 (3.06) & 75 DAS (4.01), CGR between 50-75 (17.08 g/m2 /day) and NAR (5.57 g/m2 leaf area/day) between 50-75 DAS were also responded significantly with application of fertilizer up to 100% RDF on pooled basis. Further, application of 100% RDF levels substantially improved yield attributing characters viz., number of total tillers/meter row length (147), spikes/meter row (143), spike length (13.36 cm), grains/spike (41.52) and test weight (45.44 g) over 75% RDF. Application of 100% RDF recorded significantly higher grain yield (4083 kg/ha), straw yield (5019 kg/ha), biological yield (9103 kg/ha) and harvest index (44.82%) over 75% RDF on pooled basis. Application of 100% RDF recorded higher N (54.59 kg/ha), P (5.05 kg/ha) and K (45.20 kg/ha) uptake in wheat plant over 75% RDF. N and K uptake by crop at 50 DAS was significantly increased upto 100% RDF whereas, uptake of phosphorus was significantly enhanced with each graded level of fertility up to 125% RDF on pooled basis. At harvest, application of 100% RDF significantly improved total N, P and K uptake of wheat by 28.04, 25.7 and 21.0% over 75% RDF, respectively. Additionally, significant improvement in crude protein content (10.10%) and protein yield (415.4 kg/ha) were also recorded with application of 100% RDF over 75% RDF on pooled basis. Application of 100% RDF recorded markedly higher N (72.98 and 25.93 kg/ha), P (13.25 and 8.73 kg/ha) and K (19.45 and 82.90 kg/ha) uptake in grain and straw of wheat over 75% RDF, respectively. Interaction effect between fertility levels and herbicides on N and P uptake in grain was found statistically significant. Herbicides ‘clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl @ 64 g/ha’ recorded higher N (86.11 and 32.79 kg/ha) and P uptake in grain with the application of 100% RDF over 75% RDF on pooled basisThe results on pooled basis reveal that clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl @ 64 g/ha gave the lowest total weed density (7.06/m2 ) and weed dry weight at harvest (9.52 g/m2 ). The higher weed control efficiency (91.30%), weed index (1.91), herbicide efficiency index (0.221) and crop resistance index at 50 DAS (9.68), 75 DAS (10.81) and at harvest (17.65) were recorded with clodinafop propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl @ 64 g/ha. On pooled basis, application of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha and weed free check plots were on par and gave significantly minimum removal of N, P and K by weed at 50 DAS (1.13, 0.109 and 0.940 kg/ha) and at harvest (1.608, 0.165 &1.335 kg/ha), respectively. These treatments also remained at par with sulfosulfuron 75% + metsulfuron methyl 5% @ 32 g/ha. Herbicide ‘clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl @ 64 g/ha’ substantially enhanced growth attributes viz., plant height at harvest (92.33 cm), crop dry matter (325.5 g/meter row length), tillers/meter row length (156), leaf area index at 50 DAS (3.15) at 75 DAS (4.05), net assimilation rate between 50-75 DAS (5.30 g/m2 leaf area/day) and crop growth rate between 50-75 DAS (16.49 g/m2 /day) over weedy check. Further, the herbicide ‘clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl @ 64 g/ha at 35 DAS’ also recorded marked improvement in yield attributes viz., spikes/meter row length (153), spike length (14.28 cm), grains/spike (44.52), test weight (46.27g), grain yield (4374 kg/ha), straw yield (5381 kg/ha) and biological yield (9755 kg/ha) over weedy check, on pooled basis Considerably higher N (56.95 kg/ha), P (5.83 kg/ha) and K (49.39) uptake in wheat plant at 50 DAS was recorded under application of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha over rest of the treatments However it was at par with sulfosulfuron 75% + metsulfuron methyl 5% @ 32 g/ha. Substantially higher nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake by grain (80.70, 14.78 & 21.98 kg/ha) and straw (28.62, 10.09 & 92.38 kg/ha) were recorded by clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha on pooled basis. Post-harvest soil fertility analysis of wheat crop reveal significant improvement in available nitrogen (173.97 kg/ha) and phosphorus (22.57 kg/ha) with the application of 100 and 125% RDF over 75% RDF on pooled basis. Moreover, application of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha and sulfosulfuron 75% + metsulfuron methyl 5% @ 32 g/ha significantly enhanced available nitrogen (174.84 & 174.83 kg/ha), phosphorus (23.67 & 23.65 kg/ha) and potassium (325.36 & 325.10 kg/ha) recorded in soil after harvest of wheat over rest of treatments on pooled basis. Economic analysis predict, that application of 100% RDF along with clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha recorded significantly higher grain yield (4662 kg/ha), net return (`88,370/ha) and B: C ratio (3.16). Thus, based on the data of two years, it can be concluded that wheat grown under the agro-climatic condition of Zone-I a, can be fertilized with 100% RDF (120 kg nitrogen & 40 kg phosphorus/ha) along with application of clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 64 g/ha for management of weeds.
