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Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur

The history of agricultural education in Kerala can be traced back to the year 1896 when a scheme was evolved in the erstwhile Travancore State to train a few young men in scientific agriculture at the Demonstration Farm, Karamana, Thiruvananthapuram, presently, the Cropping Systems Research Centre under Kerala Agricultural University. Agriculture was introduced as an optional subject in the middle school classes in the State in 1922 when an Agricultural Middle School was started at Aluva, Ernakulam District. The popularity and usefulness of this school led to the starting of similar institutions at Kottarakkara and Konni in 1928 and 1931 respectively. Agriculture was later introduced as an optional subject for Intermediate Course in 1953. In 1955, the erstwhile Government of Travancore-Cochin started the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, Thiruvananthapuram and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at Mannuthy, Thrissur for imparting higher education in agricultural and veterinary sciences, respectively. These institutions were brought under the direct administrative control of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Animal Husbandry, respectively. With the formation of Kerala State in 1956, these two colleges were affiliated to the University of Kerala. The post-graduate programmes leading to M.Sc. (Ag), M.V.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees were started in 1961, 1962 and 1965 respectively. On the recommendation of the Second National Education Commission (1964-66) headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, the then Chairman of the University Grants Commission, one Agricultural University in each State was established. The State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) were established in India as an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System to give the much needed impetus to Agriculture Education and Research in the Country. As a result the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) was established on 24th February 1971 by virtue of the Act 33 of 1971 and started functioning on 1st February 1972. The Kerala Agricultural University is the 15th in the series of the SAUs. In accordance with the provisions of KAU Act of 1971, the Agricultural College and Research Institute at Vellayani, and the College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, were brought under the Kerala Agricultural University. In addition, twenty one agricultural and animal husbandry research stations were also transferred to the KAU for taking up research and extension programmes on various crops, animals, birds, etc. During 2011, Kerala Agricultural University was trifurcated into Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (KVASU), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies (KUFOS) and Kerala Agricultural University (KAU). Now the University has seven colleges (four Agriculture, one Agricultural Engineering, one Forestry, one Co-operation Banking & Management), six RARSs, seven KVKs, 15 Research Stations and 16 Research and Extension Units under the faculties of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Forestry. In addition, one Academy on Climate Change Adaptation and one Institute of Agricultural Technology offering M.Sc. (Integrated) Climate Change Adaptation and Diploma in Agricultural Sciences respectively are also functioning in Kerala Agricultural University.

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20162
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Subject: Plant Biotechnology × Author: Shahasad, Salam × End date: 2019 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pharmacognostic studies and assessment of antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)
    (Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2016) Shahasad, Salam; KAU; Latha, P G
    The study entitled “Pharmacognostic Studies and Assessment of Antiinflammatory, Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)” was conducted at the Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden (JNTBGRI), Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, during the year 2015 to 2016. Objective of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant potential of leaves of an ethnomedicinal plant Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don. and to carry out its pharmacognostic studies. The detailed study of pharmacognostical parameters revealed the presence of anomocytic stomataand adaxial hypodermismicroscopically, ash value, is less because the presence of the oxalate crystals is low, moisture is 52.03% and fibre content 7.86% revealed by physico chemical parameters and macroscopic characters of the leaves. Fluorescence analysis revealed presence of fluorescence in solvents like chloroform, methanol, toluene and ethanol in the powdered leaves. Preliminary Phytochemical examination in different solvents revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as flavonoid, saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponin, coumarin, glycoside, tannin, phlobatanin, steroid and phenols. In in vitro antioxidant method the methanolic extracts of leaf showed higher free radical scavenging activity compared to standards with IC50 of 25µg/mL (DPPH), 150 µg/mL (NO Scavenging Activity) and 100 µg/mL (Hydroxyl Free Radical Scavenging Activity). Toxicity of the ethanolic extract of leaves of P. rubiginosum were tested by acute toxicity study in mice with four doses 25, 100, 400, 1600 mg/kg body weight. And the mice were cage side observed for fourteen days and no toxic effect were seen in the tested animals. In the detailed in vivo pharmacological studies for antiinflammatory and anti nociception were conducted. Antiinflammatory activity was determined by Carrageenan (Acute inflammation) and formalin (sub chronic inflammation) induced paw oedema on hind limb in rats with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg give 76.36% of inhibition in carrageenan induced paw oedema and in the formalin induced paw oedema (sub-acute) study a dose of EPR 150mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 86.01% and 97.27% of inhibition in the first and seventh day respectively. Anti nociception activity was determined by Eddy Hot Plate method and Acetic acid writhing method in mice with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition 62.02% of inhibition in Eddy’s hot plate method and in the acetic acid induce writhing study a dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 85.24% of inhibition. 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pharmacognostic studies and assessment of antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)
    (College of Agriculture, Vellayani, 2016) Shahasad, Salam; KAU; Latha, P G
    The study entitled “Pharmacognostic Studies and Assessment of Antiinflammatory, Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)” was conducted at the Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden (JNTBGRI), Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, during the year 2015 to 2016. Objective of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant potential of leaves of an ethnomedicinal plant Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don. and to carry out its pharmacognostic studies. The detailed study of pharmacognostical parameters revealed the presence of anomocytic stomataand adaxial hypodermismicroscopically, ash value, is less because the presence of the oxalate crystals is low, moisture is 52.03% and fibre content 7.86% revealed by physico chemical parameters and macroscopic characters of the leaves. Fluorescence analysis revealed presence of fluorescence in solvents like chloroform, methanol, toluene and ethanol in the powdered leaves. Preliminary Phytochemical examination in different solvents revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as flavonoid, saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponin, coumarin, glycoside, tannin, phlobatanin, steroid and phenols. In in vitro antioxidant method the methanolic extracts of leaf showed higher free radical scavenging activity compared to standards with IC50 of 25µg/mL (DPPH), 150 µg/mL (NO Scavenging Activity) and 100 µg/mL (Hydroxyl Free Radical Scavenging Activity). Toxicity of the ethanolic extract of leaves of P. rubiginosum were tested by acute toxicity study in mice with four doses 25, 100, 400, 1600 mg/kg body weight. And the mice were cage side observed for fourteen days and no toxic effect were seen in the tested animals. In the detailed in vivo pharmacological studies for antiinflammatory and anti nociception were conducted. Antiinflammatory activity was determined by Carrageenan (Acute inflammation) and formalin (sub chronic inflammation) induced paw oedema on hind limb in rats with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg give 76.36% of inhibition in carrageenan induced paw oedema and in the formalin induced paw oedema (sub-acute) study a dose of EPR 150mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 86.01% and 97.27% of inhibition in the first and seventh day respectively. Anti nociception activity was determined by Eddy Hot Plate method and Acetic acid writhing method in mice with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition 62.02% of inhibition in Eddy’s hot plate method and in the acetic acid induce writhing study a dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 85.24% of inhibition.