Pharmacognostic studies and assessment of antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)
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Date
2016
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College of Agriculture, Vellayani
Abstract
The study entitled “Pharmacognostic Studies and Assessment of Antiinflammatory, Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Potential of ‘Ellooti’ (Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don)” was conducted at the Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacology Division of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden (JNTBGRI), Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, during the year 2015 to 2016. Objective of the study was to scientifically evaluate the antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant potential of leaves of an ethnomedicinal plant Pterospermum rubiginosum B. Heyne ex G. Don. and to carry out its pharmacognostic studies. The detailed study of pharmacognostical parameters revealed the presence of anomocytic stomataand adaxial hypodermismicroscopically, ash value, is less because the presence of the oxalate crystals is low, moisture is 52.03% and fibre content 7.86% revealed by physico chemical parameters and macroscopic characters of the leaves. Fluorescence analysis revealed presence of fluorescence in solvents like chloroform, methanol, toluene and ethanol in the powdered leaves. Preliminary Phytochemical examination in different solvents revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents such as flavonoid, saponins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponin, coumarin, glycoside, tannin, phlobatanin, steroid and phenols. In in vitro antioxidant method the methanolic extracts of leaf showed higher free radical scavenging activity compared to standards with IC50 of 25µg/mL (DPPH), 150 µg/mL (NO Scavenging Activity) and 100 µg/mL (Hydroxyl Free Radical Scavenging Activity). Toxicity of the ethanolic extract of leaves of P. rubiginosum were tested by acute toxicity study in mice with four doses 25, 100, 400, 1600 mg/kg body weight. And the mice were cage side observed for fourteen days and no toxic effect were seen in the tested animals. In the detailed in vivo pharmacological studies for antiinflammatory and anti nociception were conducted. Antiinflammatory activity was determined by Carrageenan (Acute inflammation) and formalin (sub chronic inflammation) induced paw oedema on hind limb in rats with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg give 76.36% of inhibition in carrageenan induced paw oedema and in the formalin induced paw oedema (sub-acute) study a dose of EPR 150mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 86.01% and 97.27% of inhibition in the first and seventh day respectively. Anti nociception activity was determined by Eddy Hot Plate method and Acetic acid writhing method in mice with three different doses 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg. At the dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition 62.02% of inhibition in Eddy’s hot plate method and in the acetic acid induce writhing study a dose of EPR 450mg/kg gives maximum inhibition of 85.24% of inhibition.
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