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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND SUPPLY RESPONSE OF MAJOR CROPS IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2018) DIVYA, K; BHAVANI DEVI, I
    The Present study entitled “Total factor productivity and supply response of major crops in Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken to study the productivity growth and acreage response of rice, maize, groundnut, cotton, sugarcane, bengalgram and redgram. Since these crops comprised of almost 50-60 per cent of the cultivated lands in the state. For the estimation of the cropping pattern and growth rates of area, production and yield of the selected crops, data was collected for the period from 1996-97 to 2015-16. The required data for this purpose was collected from various published documents of the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Andhra Pradesh. The selected period of study was from 1996-97 to 2014-15 for the estimation of total factor productivity (TFP) in the state. Data required for this purpose was collected from the published documents of the xv Cost of Cultivation scheme of Government of India and its website. The required data on the variables chosen as the determinants of TFP in the state were collected from various Statistical Year Books published by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique was employed to calculate and decompose the Malmquist TFP indices of the selected crops. DEA helped to decompose the TFP index into various efficiency measures. Multiple regression analysis was carried out by taking the TFP index of individual crop as dependent variable to determine the factors affecting the TFP growth in Andhra Pradesh state and ordinary least square adopted from nerlovian model was used to calculate the supply response for the major crops. The cropping pattern in the state was analysed in terms of the percentage of area under cultivation of the selected crops The gross cropped area in 1991-92 was 82.48 lakh ha while in 2014-15 it was 76.90 lakh ha. Rice was the main cultivated crop in the state in the year 1991-92 with a share of 26.07 per cent of total cultivated area, followed by groundnut (21.90 per cent), cotton (3.35 per cent), sugarcane (1.54 per cent), redgram (1.34 per cent), bengalgram (0.41 per cent) and maize (0.31 per cent). The growth rates of area, production and productivity are assessed in terms of annual compound growth rates (CAGR). Area under rice declined at an annual rate of 0.46 per cent, maize grew at a phenomenal annual rate of 16.39 per cent followed by bengalgram which too registered a very encouraging growth rate of 11.83 per cent. Cotton recorded a growth rate of 6.40 per cent annually. Redgram was another crop which recorded a production growth rate of above unity i.e., 1.85. Production of groundnut declined at an annual rate of 3.61 per cent. Sugarcane one of the important commercial crop grown in the state was observed to have a negative production growth rate of 0.96 per cent. Maize recorded the highest growth xvi rate of productivity with 4.57 per cent followed by cotton (3.73 per cent), bengalgram (2.08 per cent), rice (1.66 per cent) and redgram (1.58 per cent). The growth of all the inputs were in increasing trend except for the human labour and animal labour of all the selected crops from the base year to current year. The contribution of all the inputs are higher in all the selected crops except seed and animal labour inputs that was not impressive to contribute the huge percents to the total factor productivity growth in the state. The results for rice alone the MSP as percentage of cost A2 was 150 per cent during all the years of study, while it was 17 years of study each for maize and cotton, 14 years for sugarcane, 9 years out of 10 years in respect of bengalgram, 9 years in the case of redgram. MSP as percentage of cost C2 was maximum with 140.94 in one only year for rice and 145.82 per cent for cotton in year. Area effect was most responsible factor for an increase in production of sugarcane, groundnut, bengalgram and cotton. Yield effect was most responsible factor for increasing the production of rice and redgram. Increase in maize production was mainly due to interaction effect of area and yield. The decomposition of the TFPch for the corresponding years into EFFch and TECHch revealed that the increase in TFPch, which was due to the improvement in innovation (TECHch) for all the selected crops. The variables area under high yielding varieties and annual rainfall were significantly influencing the growth of TFP. The growth in total output index was higher than the growth in the total input index for rice, maize, groundnut, cotton and redgram. The total input index was highest for rice followed by groundnut, maize, bengalgram, cotton, sugarcane and redgram. xvii The estimates of instability in area, production and yield for major crops revealed that the production (44.29 %) and yield (35.92%) was highly unstable in the case of groundnut, area (32.63%) and production (41.37%) in cotton, production (34.39) in bengalgram and production (35.11%) in redgram was highly unstable. The area, production and yield of remaining crops i.e., rice, maize, sugarcane showed low instability. Acreage, production and yield response of crops were estimated and the results of the study period from 1996-97 to 2015-16 showed that the regression coefficients of the coefficient of lagged price and rainfall was in rice, lagged yield in the case of maize, lagged yield and rainfall in ground nut, rainfall and previous year’s area in cotton, lagged price and lagged area in sugarcane, lagged price, lagged yield and lagged area in bengalgram showed positive and significant influence on acreage. The regression coefficients of the previous year’s, lagged price and Irrigation in maize, rainfall in groundnut, price and rainfall in cotton, previous year’s production and irrigation in sugarcane, previous year’s production and rainfall in bengalgram showed positive and significant influence on production. The variables influencing yield were area under irrigation and lagged yield in rice, total rainfall in maize, total rainfall and lagged yield in groundnut, area under irrigation and lagged yield in cotton and total rainfall in bengalgram and redgram. The short run and long run elasticities of area response obtained from the regression coefficient of one year lagged prices was found to be less responsive to price changes of selected crops except for cotton and bengalgram. The short run and long run elasticities of production response obtained from the regression coefficient of one year lagged prices was found to be less responsive to price changes of selected crops except for maize and xviii cotton. The short run and long run elasticities of production response obtained from the regression coefficient of one year lagged prices was found to be less responsive to price changes of selected crops except for maize and cotton. The short run and long run elasticities of yield response obtained from the regression coefficient of one year lagged prices was found to be less responsive to price changes of all the selected crops. The coefficient of adjustment for rice, maize, groundnut, cotton and redgram was quicker for area response. The adjustment was quicker in the case of cotton and redgram for production response. The adjustment took less time in the case of sugarcane, bengalgram and redgram for yield response. The above mentioned crops indicated that the farmers took less number of years to realize 95 per cent of price effect.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A STUDY ON PRICE BEHAVIOUR OF IMPORTANT PULSES IN ANDHRA PRADESH
    (ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, GUNTUR, 2015) DIVYA, K; RAJESWARI, S
    The Present study entitled “A Study on Price Behaviour of Important Pulses in Andhra Pradesh” was undertaken to study the price trends of bengalgram, blackgram, greengram and redgram, price volatility and to estimate price forecasts. The study was conducted in major pulse markets of Andhra Pradesh. Two markets were selected for each crop., bengalgram (Koilakuntla and Kurnool), blackgram (Tenali and Ponnur), greengram (Suryapeta and Thandur and redgram (Thandur and Kurnool) based on maximum arrivals. The data pertained to the period from 2000 to 2014. Apart from using simple linear trend method, twelve months ratio to moving average method, ARIMA, ARCH and GARCH models were also used. There was an increasing trend in the prices of bengalgram, blackgram, greengram and redgram in all the selected markets and were found to be highly significant at 1 per cent level of significance. The monthly increase in prices of bengalgram was found to be highest in Koilakuntla market (Rs.15.32/qtl)) whereas lowest in Kurnool market (Rs.12.28/qtl). In respect of blackgram monthly increase in prices was highest in Ponnur market (Rs.23.2/ qtl), whereas it was lowest in Tenali market (Rs.22.13/qtl). In the case of greengram the annual increase in prices was lowest in Suryapeta market (Rs.22.86/qtl), whereas it was highest in Thandur market (Rs.25.31/qtl) and in case of redgram annual increase in prices was highest in Thandur market (Rs.20.01/qtl), whereas it was lowest in Kurnool market (Rs.14.36/qtl). In all the selected markets, no seasonal variations in prices were observed. In Kurnool market the highest seasonal index for bengalgram was found in June (104.92) and lowest index was recorded in February (95.84). Blackgram recorded the highest seasonal index in Tenali market during the month of May (105.97) and lowest index was recorded in December (96.42). In the case of greengram, higher values were observed in Thandur market during the month of December (106.83) and lowest in May (93.19). In redgram the highest index was found in April (107.41) and lowest was in the month of October (94.4). The cyclical indices in the selected markets showed that there were cycles with definite period in prices of Tenali and Ponnur markets of blackgram and in Suryapeta and Thandur markets of Greengram. In the case of bengalgram and redgram prices there were no cycles observed. The irregular fluctuations in prices did not exhibit any definite periodicity in any of the selected markets. The results of ARIMA model for bengalgram indicated that the prices from January to March, 2015 would be ranging from Rs.2788 to Rs.2830 per quintal in Koilakuntla market and Rs.2565 to Rs.2583 per quintal in Kurnool market. For blackgram Rs.5966 to Rs.6009 per quintal in Tenali market and Rs.5986 to Rs.6037 per quintal in Ponnur market. For greengram Rs.6137 to Rs.3187 per quintal in Suryapeta market and Rs.6183 to Rs.6277 per quintal in Thandur market. In the case of redgram Rs.4933 to Rs.4969 per quintal in Thandur market and Rs.3680 to Rs.3813 per quintal in Kurnool market. When the forecasts were compared with the real time prices, it was observed that there was less deviation in the case of bengalgram, blackgram, greengram and redgram. With respect to price volatility, the results revealed that there was no volatility in prices of bengalgram, greengram, redgram in the selected markets and blackgram in Ponnur market. This indicated that the volatility shocks were not quite persistent in these markets. Blackgram prices in Tenali market were more volatile with a value equal to 1.02 as indicated by the sum of Alpha and Beta values.