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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2016 - 20192
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Subject: Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry × Author: SALMA BANU, D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IDENTIFICATION OF SOIL RELATED CONSTRAINTS OF BENGALGRAM (Cicer arietinum L.) GROWING AREAS IN KOILKUNTLA DIVISION OF KURNOOL DISTRICT USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
    (ACHARYA N G RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, GUNTUR, 2019) SALMA BANU, D; MUNASWAMY, V
    A study was undertaken to identify the soil related constraints, delineate the spatial variability of soil fertility status in order to suggest fertilizer recommendations and crop suitability analysis of bengal gram growing soils Koilkuntla Agriculture division in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh state using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Georeferenced samples were collected from the study area following spatially balanced sampling technique. The soil samples were analysed for various soil fertility parameters by adopting standard procedures. Ground truth analysis indicated that soils of the study area were slightly acidic to highly alkaline, with low electrical conductivity (EC) ranges. The Available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur content showed much variation with high coefficient of variation. Soils vary across fields and within the fields in the division, hence detailed study in mandals namely Koilkuntla, Uyyalawada, Sanjamala, Owk, Dornipadu and Kolimigundla was carried. The data revealed that in total study area (Koilkuntla division) coefficient of variation (CV) was high for magnesium, sulphur and phosphorus content, some other nutrients also have high values of CV confirming the existence of spatial variability within field of the different mandals. xix The micronutrients content in soils exhibited sufficient status of Cu and Mn and deficit status for Fe and Zn. The coefficient of variation in the Koilkuntla division for available Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn was 9.13, 29.10, 27.06 and 48.52 per cent respectively. The larger CV depicts that within the division there was much variation in the micronutrient status, indicating that soil fertility was not homogeneous. The extent of spatial variability of soil fertility status was studied at division and mandal level and it varied with the nutrients under study. Spatial variability of soil properties such as pH, EC, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and available micronutrients were studied and maps were generated using geo-statistics. In the present study, based on thematic maps, a major area of Koilkuntla divison was alkaline (98.4%), non- saline (100%), medium in organic carbon (55.2%), low in available N (100%) and high in available P (86.4%) and K (93.6%), available S (55.2%), Ca (100%) and Mg (100%) were sufficient. With regard to available micronutrients, Zn (83.6%) and Fe (66.8%) were predominantly deficient while Cu (100%) and Mn (100%) were in sufficient status. As a whole, available N, Zn and Fe were the major nutrient constraints in bengalgram growing soils of Koilkuntla Agriculture division. Soils of bengalgram growing area of the study area belongs to medium to heavy black soils. Hence, no distinguished horizons could be identified and so depth wise sampling was done. Physico-chemical poperties like pH and EC did not show any specific trend with depth, while organic carbon showed decreasing trend with depth. Available N, P, and K showed decreasing trend with in majority of the pedons, while sulphur showed irregular trend with depth. All micronutrients showed decreasing trend with depth in majority of the pedons. Based on the morphological and physical properties, the soils of pedon 1 to 10 classified as Typic Calciusterts and Pedon 11 as Vertic Haplustepts. Correlation studies of soil properties in the study area revealed that available S, Fe, Zn were positively and significantly correlated with pH, organic carbon and Cu was significantly and positively correlated with EC. Available N, K, Cu and Mn were significantly and positively correlated with organic carbon. P was positively and significantly correlated with Zn, sulphur was positively and significantly correlated with Fe and Zn, available Ca and Mg were positively and significantly correlated with each other. Cu was positive and significantly correlated with K, Mn, Zn, and Fe where as Mn and Fe were positively and significantly correlated with each other. Site specific fertilizer recommendations for bengalgram in Koilkuntla division and mandals are made utilizing the spatial variability maps of N, P and K. The recommended doses of nitrogen are 48, 42, 35, 28, 21 and 15 kg N ha-1 for the areas under available nitrogen ranges of <100, 101-125, 126 xx 150, 151-175, 176-200 and >200 kg ha-1 zones respectively. The recommended doses of phosphorus are 8, 15, 91, 100, 109, 118 kg P2O5 kg ha-1 for the areas under available phosphorus ranges of 36-40, 31-35, 26-30, 21-25, 1620 and 11-15 kg ha-1 zones respectively. The recommended doses of potassium are 49, 44, 38, 33, 27, 22, 16, 11 and 5 kg K2O ha-1 for the areas under available potassium ranges of <200, 201-225, 226-250, 251-275, 276300, 301-325, 326-350, 351-375, 376-400 and <300 kg ha-1 zones respectively. In the study area, farmers are in the habit of drilling the fertilizer (DAP or 28:28:0) in advance prior to the sowing rains which is leading to loss of nitrogen, by the time seedling germinates. So, there is a need of N fertilizer application both at division and mandal level when compared to the general recommendation of 20 kg N ha-1. The application of phosphorus as per the above recommendation reveals that there was a significant reduction in P fertilizer application both at division and mandal level when compared to the general recommendation of 50 P2O5 kg ha-1. The application of potassium as per the general recommendation reveals that in maximum area there is no need of K fertilizer application at division and mandal level same as per the general recommendations. The soil site suitability maps for bengalgram, sorghum and sunflower delineate the areas into suitable and not suitable. The parameters like soil pH, slope and drainage were found to limit the soil suitability classification for bengalgram crop in the study area. This information helps for selecting proper cropping pattern at local level. In conclusion it can be summarized that the new technologies such as remote sensing, GIS and GPS have opened a new era in generating natural resource database to integrate and assess their potential on spatial basis. Integration of GIS in the present study was highly useful in identification of soil related constraints spatially and in generating the fertilizer recommendation maps and soil suitability assessment. Also, by identifying the soil related constraints in the study area, it made clear that there is a need of adoption of soil test crop response based integrated plant nutrition system (STCR-IPNS) and micronutrient recommendations to bengalgram and other crops would enhance the crop productivity, fertilizer use efficiency and alleviate the deficiencies over long run.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    LONG-TERM EFFECT OF MANURE AND FERTILIZERS ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND YIELD OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) UNDER RAINFED MONO CROPPING SYSTEM
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2016) SALMA BANU, D; KEERTHI VENKAIAH
    The present study entitled “Long-term effect of manure and fertilizers on soil physical properties and yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) rainfed mono cropping system” was undertaken during kharif2015. The long-term field experiment which was started at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University during kharif-1981 was started with a prime objective of monitoring the status of soil physical properties. The soil of the experimental field was red sandy loam (Typic Haplustalf). The experiment has eleven treatments each replicated four times in a randomized block design. The treatments include T1 : Control (no manure or fertilizers), T2 : Farm yard manure @ 5 t ha-1 (once in 3 years), T3 : 20 kg Nitrogen (N) ha-1, T4 : 10 kg Phosphorus (P) ha-1, T5 : 25 kg Potassium (K) ha-1, T6 : 250 kg gypsum ha-1, T7 : 20 kg N + 10 kg P ha-1, T8 : 20 kg N + 10 kg P + 25 kg K ha-1, T9 : 20 kg N + 10 kg P + 25 kg K + 250 kg gypsum ha-1, T10 : 20 kg N + 10 kg P + 25 kg K + 100 kg lime ha-1, T11 : 20 kg N + 10 kg P + 25 kg K + 250 kg gypsum ha-1 + 25 kg zinc sulphate ha-1 (as basal, once in 3 years). Pod yield and yield attributing factors were studied along with available soil major nutrients and soil physical changes during kharif 2015. Soil samples were collected from each plot at surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) before sowing of crop. Soils were analysed for different parameters. The physical properties viz., bulk density, porosity, maximum water holding capacity and structural indices viz., mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter and per cent water stable aggregates (>0.25 mm) were improved due to the application of 5 t ha-1 of FYM once in three years for the last 34 years. The hydraulic conductivity and infiltration rate of FYM treated plots were reduced due to improvement of the physical environment of the soil. The treatmental combinations viz., NPK+gypsum+ZnSO4, NPK+lime, NPK+gypsum and NPK were also improved the physical environment of the soil viz., bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity and structural indices as compared to the control. Long term application of single nutrient fertilizers also slightly improved the physical environment of the soil as compared to the control. The application of FYM, single nutrient inorganic fertilizers and with different fertilizer combinations to groundnut crop over a period of 34 years did not change the soil pH, EC and organic carbon significantly but changed the available nutrient status of the soil. In general, the accumulation of available N and P was more with FYM and treatmental combinations as compared to the control. The available N and P were gradually depleted in the control due to continuous growing of the crop for the past 34 years with out application of the fertilizers. Pod and haulm yields were significantly influenced by the treatments. The higher pod and haulm yields were relatively registered with NPK+lime which received all the major nutrients along with secondary nutrients. The treatmental combinations viz., NPK+gypsum+ZnSO4, NPK +gypsum, NPK and FYM alone were also recorded comparable pod and haulm yield. The plots which received single nutrients i.e., N or P or K alone were inferior as compared to the combined application of nutrients. This shows the requirement of all the nutrients for better crop growth and yield. The study clearly indicated that FYM and treatmental combinations viz., NPK+lime, NPK+gypsum+ZnSO4, NPK+gypsum would be better for the improvement of health of the soil and yield of the groundnut crop on sustainable basis.