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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2015 - 201912020 - 20211
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Subject: Farm, Machinery and Power × Start date: 2015 × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF TRACTOR MOUNTED FYM SPREADER
    (2021-09-07) VINAYAK, M.; .RAMANA, C
    India is predominantly an agricultural country and soils are poor in organic matter and plant nutrients. Present day’s scenario getting quality food products also a challenge because of indiscriminate use of inorganic fertilizers which are important inputs in present day farming creates depletion in soil fertility and causing water pollution. Fertilizers cause leaching out the nutrients from the soil surfaces, destroying the micro organisms and eco friendly insects. Moreover the cost of fertilizers also more expensive and need to depend on market. To avoid these problems instead of using chemical fertilizer use of farm yard manure (FYM) will not only reduces soil damage but also improves the soil structure. Application of FYM increases the soil fertility. FYM contained almost all essential nutrients required for soil. The application of FYM in the field is carried out traditionally lead to uneven distribution, increases cost and labour requirement. Considering these aspects, as there is scope to work on spreading of FYM uniformly in the field level. The tractor mounted FYM spreader was developed in RARS, Tirupathi to pulverize and spread the FYM. The developed machine consisted the manure tub, FYM conveyor unit, manure discharging gate, shredding and spreading unit. The designed conveyor unit consists of the rollers (diameter 150 mm and length 1800 mm) and spacers’ arrangement (diameter 63 mm and length 1700 mm) and manure discharge gate provided to change levels of opening from the bottom of conveyor belt. The designed shredding cum spreading unit is mainly consists of main frame, beating roller(one), beating elements (22) and spreading mechanism. The shredding unit is mounted on the mainframe. The main frame basic structure on which whole shredder unit was mounted, main frame was fabricated in rectangular shape with 63 mm iron L-angles of 1800 mm × 470 mm. Provision was made to the main frame unit to connect and disconnect from tractor three point hitch system, only when the shredding unit was operational in field. The beating roller consisted of 22 mild steel flanges arranged in four rows with equal spacing. Two rows consist 6 flanges remaining rows with are 5 flanges at equal spacing. The beating roller diameter is 200 mm and length of 1800 mm. The beating elements flexible chains with 102 mm length flanges by using fasteners. The entire assembly was mounted on the main frame using thrust bearings at height of 300 mm. The shredder FYM material collected at bottom was further directed to the bottom and openings are designed in such way that the material is evenly spread on the field. All the components of FYM spreader system except conveyor assembly, were mounted on a rectangular housing and made to rest on the trailer connecting shank including gear box and related power transmission assembly. The overall dimensions were 1800 mm × 470 mm so as to house the component. The developed tractor mounted FYM spreader was evaluated for field performance with the optimized variables derived from the experimental trials are the conveyor speed, bulk density and clod size distribution. The conveyor speed is 48 RPM, beating roller speed 255 rpm, bulk density and clod size distribution were observed as 0.503 g cm-3 and 57.66 % at 100 mm discharge gate opening with 4 chain links respectively. The discharge rate is 4.9 t/h at 100 mm manure discharge gate opening belt speed at 48 rpm. The spread quantity of 0.850 kg/m2 was obtained at forward speed of 3.2 Km h-1 and spread quantity is 1.51 kg/m2 was obtained at forward speed of 1.8 Km h-1. The width of operation was measured in the field and it was observed that width of the machine was 1800 mm. Theoretical field capacity found to vary from 0.36 and 0.54 ha h-1 and effective field capacity for each operation was calculated were 0.28 and 0.432 ha h-1. The cost of operation of the developed machine per ha is found to be Rs. 1465 which is 5.4 times less when compared with the traditional FYM spreading method. Moreover labour requirement reduced to great extent from twenty man days to two man days and operation drudgery of application was completely eliminated. Key words: FYM Spreader, conveyor unit, manure discharge opening, shredder unit, beating elements, housing, discharge rate, bulk density, sieve analysis, spread quantity, cost of operation.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ENERGY UTILIZATION PATTERN IN DRYLAND PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF COTTON AND MAIZE MECHANIZATION
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur, 2015) ANIL KUMAR, DHYAVA; Dr. B. SANJEEVA REDDY
    Agricultural technologies aid in improvising agricultural production in developing countries, and should be considered as an essential input to growth of agriculture. In development of agricultural process over a period of time, energy and mechanization played a key role in Indian agriculture, during which farm power availability increased from about 0.293 kW ha-1 in 1960-61 to 1.841 kW ha-1 in 2012-13. Agriculture plays a two-sided role as energy user as well as producer, because it uses different types of commercial and non-commercial energies in direct and indirect forms. However, the energy use pattern for unit operations of crop production varies under different agro climatic zones and across various farm categories. The use of various machines in a given crop production zone depends on the cropping pattern, availability of power sources, matching implements and machinery and also on socioeconomic status of the farmers. The structure of various power source use pattern in Indian agriculture has experienced a marked shift from animate to mechanical sources since, four decades due to introduction of various types of machines. Hence, this study attempts to assess energy utilization pattern for cotton and maize crops under dryland situations. For this study, two clusters were selected for each cotton and maize crops and in a given cluster three categories of farmers ten each were selected randomly for survey based on their farm holding size. Field survey data was collected face to face interview format for each crop. The survey was conducted using pre-prepared questionnaire which consists of relevant questions to get appropriate data from individual farmers. Data on energy used from different direct sources of energy (human, animal and mechanical) and their use pattern in different operations for cotton and maize cultivation from land preparation to harvesting were collected from the selected respondents. Similarly, the data on input sources like seed, fertilizer and plant protection chemicals used were also Name of the Author : DHYAVA ANIL KUMAR Title of the thesis : “ENERGY UTILIZATION PATTERN IN DRYLAND PRODUCTION SYSTEMS OF COTTON AND MAIZE MECHANIZATION” Degree to which it is submitted : Master of Technology Faculty : Agricultural Engineering & Technology Major field of study : FARM MACHINERY AND POWER Major Advisor : Dr. B. SANJEEVA REDDY University : Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University Year of Submission : 2015 collected for determining total energy consumption in production process of both the crops. For converting collected data of different power sources and inputs into energy units, different energy conversion coefficients were used. Energy use efficiencies, mechanization index and cost of energy were also analysed for cotton and maize crops. The mechanization pattern in cotton and maize crop production clusters were compared with the custom hiring centers (CHC’s) groups of farmers of Ranga Reddy district, who got the packaged machinery under subsidy scheme from Department of Agriculture. The results of the study revealed that, the highest energy utilization for crop production was observed in medium size farm holdings and lowest in case of small size farm holdings for both the crops, due to more use of power sources and inputs. Among field operations, land preparation consumed maximum energy across all categories of farmers and fertilizer was observed as the dominant source of input energy for cotton (46.0 to 71.1%) and maize (49.1 to 61.3%). Intercultural and weeding and harvesting / picking operations were carried out by animate sources of energy mostly in the clusters. The cost of production was observed to be highest in medium size farm holding (`38133 ha-1) for CC1 and large size farm holding `39273 ha-1 for cotton production. Large size farm holding `36582 ha-1 exhibited highest cost of production in MC1 cluster and in cluster MC2 there is not much significant difference among these farm categories. The cost of energy for land preparation was observed as lowest in the range of `3.00 to 3.8 per MJ and cost of energy forhuman and animal dependent operations were little more than the machinery involved operations. The correlation ‘r’ values of area under crop shows significant relationship with total energy input for both crop and productivity was also significant with total energy input. A positive correlation was observed between farming experience and cost of production in cotton crop; energy and cost of production in case of maize crop. The highest energy ratio values for CC1 and CC2 were 4.57 and 4.27 by large and small farmers, respectively in cotton and for maize clusters MC1 and MC2 were 5.12 and 4.53 by large farmers. Machinery energy ratio and mechanization index values were lowest in case of small farmers in all the clusters, which indicates that small farmers face difficulty in use of machinery for crop production due to financial constraints. Mechanization index values indicated that, these clusters were poorly mechanized, which causes stagnation in crop productivity. The cotton – CHC groups utilized more tractor hours (800 h/annum) than maize CHC groups as well as normal cluster farmers. Except in maize planting and harvesting, CHCs were not able to extend mechanization activities to operations such as interculture and weeding, spraying etc., which mostly are carried by animate power sources. Any machinery supplied under subsidy scheme need through performance checks, model wise at random by experienced third party agencies under field conditions to avoid financial burden on the farmers and as well as weed out poor quality manufacturers. The proven tillage implements / machinery slowly need to be restricted in government subsidy schemes. Periodic thorough scrutiny is essential to include upcoming machinery into the subsidy category to spread the mechanization activities across various operations uniformly. More emphasis needs to be given for small farm mechanization in dryland regions with appropriate policy frame work to promote suitable power sources and matching machinery.