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Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur

The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established on 12th June 1964 at Hyderabad. The University was formally inaugurated on 20th March 1965 by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India. Another significant milestone was the inauguration of the building programme of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi,the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India on 23rd June 1966. The University was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on 7th November 1996 in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga, who rendered remarkable selfless service for the cause of farmers and is regarded as an outstanding educationist, kisan leader and freedom fighter. HISTORICAL MILESTONE Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (ANGRAU) was established under the name of Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) on the 12th of June 1964 through the APAU Act 1963. Later, it was renamed as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University on the 7th of November, 1996 in honour and memory of the noted Parliamentarian and Kisan Leader, Acharya N. G. Ranga. At the verge of completion of Golden Jubilee Year of the ANGRAU, it has given birth to a new State Agricultural University namely Prof. Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University with the bifurcation of the state of Andhra Pradesh as per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014. The ANGRAU at LAM, Guntur is serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication. Genesis of ANGRAU in service of the farmers 1926: The Royal Commission emphasized the need for a strong research base for agricultural development in the country... 1949: The Radhakrishnan Commission (1949) on University Education led to the establishment of Rural Universities for the overall development of agriculture and rural life in the country... 1955: First Joint Indo-American Team studied the status and future needs of agricultural education in the country... 1960: Second Joint Indo-American Team (1960) headed by Dr. M. S. Randhawa, the then Vice-President of Indian Council of Agricultural Research recommended specifically the establishment of Farm Universities and spelt out the basic objectives of these Universities as Institutional Autonomy, inclusion of Agriculture, Veterinary / Animal Husbandry and Home Science, Integration of Teaching, Research and Extension... 1963: The Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) Act enacted... June 12th 1964: Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University (APAU) was established at Hyderabad with Shri. O. Pulla Reddi, I.C.S. (Retired) was the first founder Vice-Chancellor of the University... June 1964: Re-affilitation of Colleges of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, Hyderabad (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Osmania University), Agricultural College, Bapatla (estt. in 1945, affiliated to Andhra University), Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College, Tirupati and Andhra Veterinary College, Tirupati (estt. in 1961, affiliated to Sri Venkateswara University)... 20th March 1965: Formal inauguration of APAU by Late Shri. Lal Bahadur Shastri, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... 1964-66: The report of the Second National Education Commission headed by Dr. D.S. Kothari, Chairman of the University Grants Commission stressed the need for establishing at least one Agricultural University in each Indian State... 23, June 1966: Inauguration of the Administrative building of the university by Late Smt. Indira Gandhi, the then Hon`ble Prime Minister of India... July, 1966: Transfer of 41 Agricultural Research Stations, functioning under the Department of Agriculture... May, 1967: Transfer of Four Research Stations of the Animal Husbandry Department... 7th November 1996: Renaming of University as Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University in honour and memory of an outstanding parliamentarian Acharya Nayukulu Gogineni Ranga... 15th July 2005: Establishment of Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University (SVVU) bifurcating ANGRAU by Act 18 of 2005... 26th June 2007: Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Horticultural University (APHU) bifurcating ANGRAU by the Act 30 of 2007... 2nd June 2014 As per the Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, ANGRAU is now... serving the students and the farmers of 13 districts of new State of Andhra Pradesh with renewed interest and dedication...

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2014 - 20172
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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: RESHMA, A ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.) GENOTYPES
    (Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, 2017) RESHMA, A; RAJA RAJESWARI, V
    The experiment entitled “Physiological basis for drought tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes was conducted at Crop Physiology Laboratory (Lab study) and dry land farm (Field study), S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati. Thirty maize genotypes obtained from ARS, Peddapuram were screened for seedling traits such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length, seedling vigour index and coefficient of velocity of germination under laboratory conditions by imposing two levels of osmotic stress (-5 bar and -10 bar) using PEG-6000 against control. Germination percentage, seedling vigour index and coefficient of velocity of germination were decreased with increase in osmotic stress. Higher Seedling vigour index at -10 bar was observed in PDM 1452, PDM 1488, PDM 1474 and PDM 1465. Lower seedling vigour index was recorded in PDM 1439, PDM 14100, PDM 1401 and PDM 1430. Based on results obtained 12 genotypes were selected which includes ten tolerant and two susceptible genotypes. The selected genotypes were further investigated for drought tolerance and yield under imposed moisture stress field conditions during rabi 2015-16 and 2016-17. Moisture stress was created at soft dough growth stage i.e for a period of 20 days starting from 60 to 80 DAS. Morphological characters like plant height, leaf area, total dry matter, physiological parameters, drought tolerance traits viz., rooting abilities, water use efficiency (WUE), relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), relative membrane injury (RI), proline xxi (Osmoregulant), super oxide dismutase (Antioxidant enzyme) and yield related parameters were examined. Growth and physiological traits viz. plant height, crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD), WUE traits (SLA, SCMR), other drought tolerant traits viz., CSI, RI, RWC, yield and HI significantly reduced under moisture stress conditions compared to irrigated control, whereas proline and SOD were increased. The genotypes, PDM 1452, PDM 1465 and PDM 1498 maintained higher leaf area, dry matter and higher physiological traits viz., CGR, NAR, LAI and LAD compared to other entries. These genotypes also recorded higher drought tolerance in terms of WUE traits i.e moderate SLA and high SCMR, higher CSI, lower RI, high proline accumulation and SOD enzyme activity, which denotes the efficiency of these genotypes in performing under drought condition. Genotypes PDM 1452, PDM 1428, PDM 1498 recorded higher mean root length and root dry weight and hence maintained higher tissue water content (RWC) to sustain cellular activities, whereas PDM 1439, PDM 1409 showed lower rooting abilities. PDM 1465, PDM 1452 and PDM 1498 which maintained higher growth, physiological and drought tolerance attributes recorded higher harvest index, yield and its components followed by PDM 1428 and PDM 1474. The genotype PDM 1439, PDM 1409 recorded lower yields under imposed moisture stress conditions as these genotypes recorded lower physiological attributes and drought susceptibility characters. PEG induced water stress method could be used as effective method for screening of maize genotypes for moisture stress tolerance as selected genotypes exhibited similar tolerance or susceptibility under field conditions. The present study reveals that moisture stress at soft dough stage is more sensitive. The genotypes PDM 1452, PDM 1465 and PDM 1498 are superior in terms of physiological efficiency, drought tolerance, yield and yield components. Hence these genotypes can be further tested in multilocation trials under rainfed condition before recommending to farmers. These genotypes are also valuable source for development of drought tolerant maize genotypes through conventional or molecular breeding.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON GROWTH, DROUGHT TOLERANCE AND YIELD OF GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES (PRE RELEASE AND RELEASE) FOR EARLY KHARIF SITUATION
    (ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2014) RESHMA, A; LATHA, P
    A field experiment entitled “Studies on growth, drought tolerance and yield of groundnut genotypes (Pre release and release) for early kharif situation” was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati in a Randomized Block Design with 16 groundnut genotypes (14 pre-release and 2 released) during early kharif, 2013. All the sixteen genotypes were tested under field conditions with an objective to study the growth and yield attributes influenced under early kharif situation, in order to identify source genotypes with characters that confer Water Use Efficiency and thermotolerance and there by an increased yield in groundnut. Investigation was carried out to evaluate 16 groundnut genotypes for their morphological, water use efficiency and thermotolerance characters in different phenophases of crop growth. The morphological characters viz., plant height, dry matter production , leaf area and the growth attributes like crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI), and leaf area duration (LAD) were recorded. xvi The present investigation revealed sufficient genotypic variability among the pre release and released genotypes for morphological traits, physiological traits in terms of water use efficiency and thermotolerance. This indicates that these traits can be used to evaluate groundnut genotypes for respective characters. Based on plant height, the pre-release genotypes can be grouped in to tall statured (TCGS-1323, TCGS-1360, TCGS-1350), moderate statured (TCGS-1342, TCGS-1343, TCGS-1346, TCGS-1375, TCGS-1374) and short statured (TCGS-1157, TCGS-1157A, TCGS-1330, TCGS-1073). Among the advanced breeding lines, TCGS-1342, TCGS-1375, TCGS1330, TCGS-1346 recorded high physiological efficiency in terms of growth and physiological traits viz., total dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD). Among the two surrogate methods used for evaluating WUE of the groundnut genotypes, SCMR showed positive correlation with pod yield. A moderate SLA and high SCMR were recorded in the genotypes TCGS1330, TCGS-1375, TCGS-1157 A, TCGS-1157 and were found to be high WUE types. Cultivars TCGS-1350, TCGS-1173, TCGS-1375 and TCGS1349 showed higher heat stress tolerance. The genotypes varied significantly in yield and yield components. TCGS-1330 recorded significantly higher pod yield and high shelling percentage with high harvest index .TCGS-1375 and TCGS-1342, recorded significantly higher pod yields and high shelling percentage with moderate harvest index. TCGS-1346, TCGS-1349 recorded significantly higher pod yields and moderate shelling percentage with high harvest index. However genotypes TCGS-1157, TCGS-1157A recorded significantly high harvest index with moderate yields. In the present investigation it is observed that genotypes TCGS-1330, TCGS-1375 recorded high physiological efficiency in terms of growth and physiological traits, possessing high WUE, high yield and are suitable for early kharif situation. TCGS-1375 possess high WUE, high thermotolerance and high yield and hence can be promoted among farming community. The other genotypes possessing drought tolerance traits with low yields can be exploited as donor sources to develop drought tolerant groundnut genotypes.