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Agriculture University, Kota

The Agriculture University, Kota (AUK) was established on 14th September, 2013 after bifurcation of the Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology (MPUAT), Udaipur and Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner through promulgation of Act No. 22 of 2013. The University has been created for the agricultural development in South-East and Eastern Rajasthan which is having diversified agriculture situations from rainfed to canal irrigated agriculture. The Agriculture University has its Headquarter at Borkhera Farm, Kota & is located on Kota-Baran National highway-76. Kota district is situated in the South-Eastern part of Rajasthan and comes under Humid South-Eastern Plain Zone (agro climatic zone V). It lies between 23045’ and 26038’ North latitude and 75037’ and 77026’ East longitude. The jurisdiction of AUK is spread over in 6 districts namely Kota, Baran, Bundi, Jhalawar, Karauli and Sawai Madhopur. It accounts for 9.98 % geographical area, 12.67 % total human population, 9.4 % live stock population, 31.59 % forest area and 20.6 % net sown area of the state. Development and education of modern practices in the field of Agriculture, Horticulture & Forestry for sustainable livelihood of the rural masses is the main thrust of the service area of AUK.

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20211
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Subject: Agronomy × Author: CHOUDHARY, MONIKA ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF LAND CONFIGURATION AND IRRIGATION SCHEDULING ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF QUINOA (Chenopodium quinoa) UNDER VERTISOLS OF RAJASTHAN
    (COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, UMMEDGANJ, KOTA, 2021-08-24) CHOUDHARY, MONIKA; Ram, Baldev
    A field experiment entitled “Effect of Land Configuration and Irrigation Scheduling on Growth, Yield and Quality of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Under Vertisols of Rajasthan” was conducted at the Research Farm (IFS), Agricultural Research Station, Ummedganj, Kota (Agriculture University, Kota) during rabi 2019-20. The experiment comprised of nine treatment combinations of three land configuration techniques (flat bed, ridge & furrow and broad bed & furrow technique) in main plot and three irrigation scheduling (one irrigation at 20-25 DAS, two irrigation at 20-25 & 55-60 DAS and three irrigation at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS ) in sub plot. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and replicated four times. Quinoa variety ‘white type’ used as test crop. The objective of the experiment was to select suitable land configuration technique and appropriate irrigation scheduling for quinoa crop to achieve higher productivity, quality and profitability under vertisols of Rajasthan. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam in texture, medium in available nitrogen and phosphorous, high in available potassium and alkaline in reaction. The results showed that amongst land configuration techniques, maximum height (45.1, 134.2 and 142.3 cm), dry matter accumulated (23.32, 125.97 and 182.80 g plant-1), stem girth ( 0.97, 1.29 and 1.38 cm) at 45, 90 DAS and at harvest, respectively, primary branches plant-1 (27.5 at harvest), tap root length (86.85 cm at harvest), CGR and RGR were recorded in broad bed & furrow techniques, which were significantly superior over rest of the techniques. Various yield attributing characters viz. number of panicles plant-1 (23.6), weight of main stem panicle (46.22 g),weight of primary branch panicle (3.90 g) and 1000 grain weight (2.86 g) and yields viz. grain (2593 kg ha-1), stover (2891 kg ha-1) and biological yield (5484 kg ha-1) were maximum in broad bed & furrow techniques, were significantly higher over ridge & furrow and flat bed techniques. Content of nitrogen (2.94 & 2.21%), phosphorous (0.61 & 0.57%) and potassium (1.06 & 1.99%) in grain and stover and also their uptake by grain (76.23, 15.81 & 27.49 kg ha-1), stover (63.91, 16.48 & 57.55 kg ha-1) and total uptake (140.14, 32.29 & 85.04 kg ha-1) were highest in broad bed & furrow technique of land configuration, were significantly higher over rest of the techniques. Protein content (18.37%) in grain maximum in broad bed & furrow technique, were found significantly higher over rest of the land configuration techniques. Amongst land configuration techniques, broad bed & furrow technique fetched significantly the highest gross returns (₹ 157719 ha-1), net returns (₹ 119662 ha-1) and B: C ratio (3.16) compared to all techniques tested during present investigation. Results further revealed that broad bed & furrow technique significantly increased the water use efficiency (23.40 kg/ha-mm) and water productivity (₹ 106.26 m-3) over flat bed and ridge & furrow techniques. It also recorded maximum moisture extracted at 30-60 cm depth, but flat bed technique was maximum moisture extracted in upper layer of soil i.e. 0-30 cm. Application of three irrigation at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS resulted in significantly higher plant height (130.2 and 145.8 cm), dry matter accumulation (121.18 and 185.93 g plant-1), stem girth (1.24 and 1.42 cm) at 90 DAS and at harvest, respectively, branches plant-1 (29.3), tap root length (85.67 cm), CGR and RGR compared to both irrigation scheduling(one irrigation at 20-25 DAS, two irrigation at 20-25 & 55-60 DAS). Yield attributes viz. panicles plant-1 (27.6) weight of main stem panicle (48.47 g), weight of primary branch panicle (3.87 g) and 1000 seed weight (2.88 g) and yields viz. grain (2592 kg ha-1), stover (2894 kg ha-1) and biological yield (5486 kg ha-1) were increased significantly due to higher irrigation levels (three irrigation at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS). Similarly, three irrigation levels at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS improved significantly content and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by grain and stover and total uptake of these nutrients by plants, compared to lower levels of irrigation. Further, quality of grain in terms of protein (18.48%), fat (6.69%) content and secondary and micro-nutrients viz. calcium (0.423%), magnesium (0.306%), sodium (81.9 ppm), zinc (70.4 ppm), copper (23.65ppm), manganese (105.6 ppm) and iron (192.3 ppm) content were also improved significantly in three irrigation levels compared to lower levels. Three irrigation levels at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS proved economically beneficial as it resulted in significantly higher gross returns (₹ 157710 ha-1),net returns (₹ 119336 ha-1) and B: C ratio (3.10) compared to rest of irrigation scheduling. Results further revealed that maximum water use efficiency (26.77 kg /ha-mm) and water productivity (₹ 112.70 m-3) with one irrigation level, significantly decreased with higher levels of irrigation. Three irrigation levels at 20-25, 55-60 & 90-95 DAS also recorded maximum moisture extracted at 0-30 cm depth and one irrigation levels at 20-25 DAS was maximum moisture extracted in lower layer of soil i.e. 30-60 cm. Interactions between land configuration techniques and irrigation scheduling were also found significant with respect to various characters. Significantly highest number of panicles plant-1, weight of main stem panicle, weight of primary branch panicle, grain yield, biological yield, gross returns, net returns and B: C ratio were recorded under interactive effect of land configuration of broad bed & furrow technique with three irrigation levels at 20-25, 55-60 and 90-95 DAS. Interactive effect between land configuration techniques and irrigation scheduling were also found significant with respect to water use efficiency and water productivity recorded under broad bed & furrow techniques with one irrigation level at 20-25 DAS combination though proved it’s superiority compared to other treatment combinations