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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
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ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Socio-economic Aspects vis-àvis Agroforestry Practices in Ormanjhi Block of Ranchi District(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2022) Shalini Kumari; A.K. ChakrabortyThe present study entitled “Studies on Socio-economic Aspects vis-à-vis Agroforestry Practices in Ormanjhi block of Ranchi District” was carried out during the year 2021-2022 for viewing the significance of agroforestry for socio-economic upliftment of rural household through agroforestry interventions. Through multi-stage randomized selections, 80 households of Ormanjhi block were surveyed on the basis of agroforestry practices and socio-economic aspects. The data were collected by personal interviews of the respondents through a structured interview schedule. Data on existing agroforestry practices were collected through field visit. Demographic details of the villages comprising details of the household’s family structure, age profile, land holding size, occupational profile, cropping pattern, monthly income from vegetables, and total annual income of respondents and willingness of farmers to grow trees on their farm in future were obtained and analyzed. Majority of respondents in the study area were of female population (51.18%) more than male population (48.82%). Maximum age class 30-40yrs (41.25%) followed by age class 40-50yrs (28.75%). Maximum 60% of respondent’s belong to small size family followed by 28% in medium size family. Most of them belong to Schedule tribe (65%) followed by 32.5% in backward caste. 50% respondents were observed as kuttcha house and 26.25% were mixed house type. Descending literacy status was found in order as primary to graduation, Matric (25%)>Intermediate (23.75)> Elementary (18.75)> Illiterate (17.5%)> Graduation (15%). Almost 56.25% households in the study area were engaged in farming which was the main source of livelihood. Further, 32.50% households were engaged in labor work. Maximum 71.25% of households having below 1 hectare land holding status in Ormanjhi block followed by 15% households having 1-2 hectare land. Agriculture (50%), Agroforestry (20%) and Agriculture with Horticulture having (18.75%) are the main land uses practices. Monthly income observed from vegetables Rs.2000-5000 (31.25%) of households followed by Rs.10000-20000(28.75%). Existing agroforestry practices by the respondents were trees on homesteads which is practiced by the maximum household, trees on fields bunds, silvipasture, silvihorticulture and trees scattered in agricultural fields (in between crops). Teak, Karanj, Sisso, Gamhar were the forest tree species observed on farmers lands. The finding of the present study suggests to carefully consider Socio-Economic factors while designing agroforestry models for the study area. Further, the farmers should practice fruit treebased agroforestry system such as, agri-horti-silviculture system, mixed farming (production of food, fodder, fuel on a small piece of land). The existing agroforestry practices also need improvement by incorporating fruit, fodder and timber trees as per farmer choice.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY OF HYBRID RICE GROWERS IN SELECTED BLOCKS OF PALAMU DISTRICT, JHARKHAND(Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2023) Shalini Kumari; Mintu JobHybrid rice cultivation is one of the required methods to fulfil the rice requirement of the world due to rapid population growth and pressure on cultivated land. Hybrid rice has been introduced in recent past but, it was not popularized and accepted by the large section of the farming community as desired. However, lot of efforts are made to popularize hybrid rice cultivation. With this hypothesis, a study entitled “Study of hybrid rice growers in selected blocks of Palamu District, Jharkhand” was designed with the objectives of assessing (i) To analyse the socio- economic status of farmers involved in hybrid rice cultivation (ii) To study the productivity & profitability of farmers engaged in the same and (iii) To study the constraints faced by the hybrid rice grower in selected blocks of Palamu district of Jharkhand purposively due to its potentiality and advancement of the farmers. A sample size of 180 rice growers was randomly selected as the respondents. Information were collected personally through a semi-structured schedule. It was observed that majority of the respondents were middle aged, educated up to high school and above and small farmers. The respondents had good knowledge about land situation, variety and different parameters of rice cultivation and lack knowledge about manures, fertilizers and disease and pest attack. The respondents regularly adopt seed treatment, sowing quality seed and manage nutrients, disease and pest to the satisfactory level. Socio economic variables particularly education holding size, extension contact and annual income greatly influenced in adopting recommended practices of rice cultivation and attitude towards hybrid rice cultivation. The respondents stated that soil, climate, temperature, fertility status were suitable for hybrid rice cultivation. They had poor perception about availability of quality seed of desired variety and its timely supply. They also reacted about poor advisory service and government policy system particularly procurement with remunerative price. Adverse climatic condition, nursery raising, pest and disease attack, unreasonable seed price, poor quality seed, no price support were the major constraints expressed by the growers in hybrid rice cultivation. The respondents also faced many social constraints particularly lack of team spirit, community approach. They had poor opinion about advisory services particularly training, demonstration, monitoring and guidance. Development of desired variety with quality seed supply in time, easy disposal of produce with remunerative price, adequate advisory services including development of skill competency and strategy for community approach were the major suggestions of the respondents towards popularization of hybrid rice cultivation.
