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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Author: PRIYA NIVA KUJUR × Start date: 2023 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IMPACT OF LONG TERM FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON DIFFERENT FORMS OF SULPHUR IN AN ALFISOL
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2023) PRIYA NIVA KUJUR; P. Mahapatra
    The present investigation entitled “Impact of long term fertilizer application on different forms of sulphur in an Alfisol” was undertaken during 2021-22 under the ongoing AICRP on LTFE since 1972 at the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi. The experiment consisted of ten treatments replicated thrice in a randomized block design i.e. T1:50% NPK, T2:100% NPK, T3: 150% NPK, T4: 100% NPK+ Hand weeding, T5: 100% NPK + Lime, T6: 100% NP, T7: 100% N, T8: 100% NPK + FYM, T9: 100% NPKS and T10: Control. Soybean-wheat is being followed since the year 1986. Soybean is grown as rainfed crop in kharif and wheat in rabi under irrigated conditions. Soil samples were collected from 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depth after harvest of wheat (2022). Plant samples were collected for both the crops during 2021-22. The processed soil samples were analyzed for pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P and K, exchangeable Ca and Mg and different forms of sulphur viz., total, CaCl2, KH2PO4, Ca(H2PO4)2, water soluble and heat soluble sulphur in both surface and sub-surface soil. Both grain and straw samples for soybean and wheat were analyzed for sulphur content by following standard methods. The data pertaining to soil and plant was statistically analyzed to make out the least significant difference among the treatments. The variation for different forms of sulphur in soil showed following decreasing order of abundance in mg kg-1: Total S (200-345)>organic S (179-316)>Ca(H2PO4)2 S (20-43)>KH2PO4 S (17-25)>CaCl2 S (11-23)>adsorbed S (7-20)>heat soluble S (5-10)>water soluble S (3-8) for surface soil. While, Total S (243-507)>organic S (220-470)>Ca(H2PO4)2 S (14-94)>KH2PO4 S(24-58)>CaCl2 S (11-23)>adsorbed S (2-59)>heat soluble S (5-9)>water soluble S (2-5) for sub-surface soil. System productivity was expressed in terms of mean wheat equivalent yield (WEY in kg ha-1) which followed the following order: 100% NPK + FYM (8804)>150% NPK(8185)>100% NPK + lime (8136)>100% NPKS (8084)>100% NPK + HW (7402)>100% NPK(7314)>100% NP (5042)>50% NPK (4532)>100% N (1966)>control (1565). Analysis of soil for pH, EC, organic carbon, available N, P & K; Exchangeable Ca & Mg after harvest of wheat at the end of 50th cropping cycle, the range for pH was 4.2 to 6.1 and 4.8 to 6.2 in surface and sub-surface soil, respectively. Similarly, significant variations for other chemical parameters were observed. Correlation coefficient study between soil properties and sulphur pools reflected a strong significant relationship of pH and organic carbon with total S content of soil. There was strong relationship among different forms of sulphur in soil. Among sulphur pools, organic S, adsorbed S, CaCl2 and Ca(H2PO4)2 extractable S had significant correlation with total S in soil. Among the three extractants for S estimation, Ca(H2PO4)2 S extractable sulphur had maximum contribution to total sulphur. Total sulphur removal under soybean-wheat cropping system for production 2.0 tonnes of soybean and 4.7 tonnes of wheat grains in a year was 17.2 kg S ha-1. Apparent S recovery was around 11 per cent and the increase in grain yield due to application of sulphate source of phosphatic fertilizer i.e., SSP was around 17 kg per kg of S applied as compared to balanced application of NPK. Integrated use of balanced dose of NPK fertilizer along with FYM or lime resulted in 11 to 20 per cent increase in grain yield as compared to balanced dose while, use of balanced dose of NPK at super optimal level was in between. Significant relationship among the different forms of S in soil indicated the existence of equilibrium among themselves. Based on the results of present study, it may be advocated for use of SSP instead of DAP as it increases grain yield of crops by 10 per cent as well as maintains available S status of soil.