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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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1984 - 1989131990 - 199923
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Subject: Plant Breeding × End date: 1999 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 36
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability And Correlation Studies in some Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L. ) Lines
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Ashisan Tuti; V. Kerketta
    Wheat (Triticm aestivumL )is one of the important cereal in India. It belong to the family Gramineae with chromosome No 2n=42 .It ranks second as staple food after rice in India with the total area of 25.40 million hectares. In the global ranking India ranks fourth in the area and second in the production of wheat crop. Being on Important crop, its genetically improvement through exploitation of existing wide variability is of prime important. Hence a field experiment was conducted to study the variability and correlation studies in some wheat lines. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the lines for all the characters. The heritable and non heritable variation were ascertained with the help of genetic parameters like heritability , genetic advance, genetjic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability was observed for the character germination percentage number of grains in main spike and 1000- grain weight. The lowest heritability was observed in grain weight per plant.The high genetic advance was observed for the character number of tillers per plant,1000- grain weight ,number of grains in main spike and germination percentage. The values of phenotypic and genotype coefficient of variation were high for the characters number of tillers per plant, number of grain in main spike,1000- grain weight germination percentage and plant height. The correlation between the characters germination percentage and number of tiller per plant and 1000- grain weight and length of the main spike and plant height and 1000 grain weight were found either signjijficant at 5 per cent and 1 per cent level of significant. The results obtained in the present investigation indicated that the characters number of tillers per plant number of grains in main spike ,1000 grain weight plant hight and dajys to 75 per cent flowering are the yield components. These can be used as thse indicators for improving wheat varieties. These characters are correlated with yield and also have high value of heritabililtyl genetic advance and genetic asvances as per cent of mean. ON the basis of yield ,the entries KG-79.KG-181 K-9709 performed better than other entries.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis of Different Quantitative Characters in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L. )
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Chandra Kishor; Z. A. Haider
    Forty genotypes of upland rice ( oryza stavia L.) of diverse origin formed the material for the present study. These genotypes were directly sown in a Randomised Block Design with three replications under upland situation during kharif season of 1997.Observation were recorded on five randomly selected plants from each entry of every replication. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters, except, number of tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant effective tillers per plant and grain per panicle. A wide range of variability was observed in grain yield per plant, flag leaf area, grain yield per panicle, 1000 – grain weight, plant height and effective tillers per plant. Phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variation was high to moderate in grain yield per panicle, plant height, 1000grain weight and number of grains per panicle. Heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean was also high for grain yield per plant, flag leaf area, grain yield per panicle, plant height, 1000- grain weight and number of grain per panicle. Grain yield per plant had a significant and positive association with number of tillers per plant , effective tillers per plant height, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, grain yield per panicle, flag leaf area and 1000- grain weight both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis revealed that all the characters had positive direct effect on grain yield per plant, except 1000- grain weight. GFrain yield per panicle had highest direct positive effect but its indirect effect via numbers of grain per panicle, 1000- grain weight, flag leaf area and effective tillers per plant was weak negative. Rest of the characters had appreciable positive direct effect. Over all estimation is that grain yield per panicle number of grains per panicle, flag leaf area and plant height may be used in section for increasing grain yield in upland rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Divergence And Correlation studies in Niger (Guizotia Ahyssinica Cass. )
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Sanjay Kumar; Sohan Ram
    The present investigation was carried out in 72 germplasms of niger maintained in Niger Research Scheme of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics at Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke to collect information on the extent of variability, degree of association of different yield components, their direct and Indirect effect on seed yield and extent of genetic diversity among the genotypes. The experiment was conducted in Niger Experimental Plot of Ranchi Agricultural College Farm during Kharif 1997. A broad spectrum of variability was visualized in almost all characters, mainly in plant height, number of primary branches per plant and number of secondary branches branches per plant, number of capitulum per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity. Genotypic coefficient of variation was appreciable in number of capitulum perplant, plant height, number of primary branches per plant and 1000-seed weight. These characters also expressed moderate heritability estimates. Selection based on these characters would give more progress than based on other characters. Genetic divergence study revealed clustering of germplasms into 8 clusters irrespective of their origin. Many genotypes based on cluster means and genetic diversity was identified as potential parents. Genotypes, BNS-5, GA-23, Phule-5 and ONS-107 of cluster II and BNS-9, RCR-219 and RCR-234 of cluster VI were suggested as potential parents for crossing programme. Hybridization between genotypes of cluster II and VI was suggested for yield improvement. Days to maturity contributed more than 50 per cent in genetic divergence, but role of plant height and 1000-seed weight also had recommendable role in genetic diversity.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic Variability Correlation And Path Analysis in Greengram (Vigna Radiata L. Wilczek
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Kamleshwer Kumar; K. D. Prasad
    Forty greengram genotypes were grown in a randomized block design with three replications during wet season of 1998. The data recorded on ten quantitative characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, pod length (am), number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight (g) and yield per plant (g) were analysed to find out the estimates of variability, heritability (broad sense), genetic advance, correlations and path coefficients. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the ten characters under study. Days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height and number of pods per plant showed a wide range in their gross variability. The characters, number of primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, grain yield per plant and number of secondary branches per plant recorded high phenotypic coefficient of variation, Plant height, 100-seed weight and number of seeds per pod showed moderately high coefficient of variation. Number of secondary branches per plant, number of primary branches per plant, 100-seed weight and yield per plant recorded high genotypic coefficient of variation while plant height, number of pods per plant and days to 50 per cent flowering showed moderate coefficient of variation. Heritability (in broad sense) for the characters days to 50 per cent flowering, 100-seed weight and days to maturity were high. Number of secondary branches per plant, 100-seed weight and number of primary branches per plant showed high genetic advance as per cent of mean. Grain yield per plant was strongly correlated with number of pods per plant and number of primary branches per plant. Correlation between days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity was highly significant . Path coefficient analysis revealed that the character number of pods per plant had the maximum direct effect on grain yield per plant. Pod length and number of secondary branches perta plant also showed appreciable magnitude of direct effect on grain yield per plant. High correlation between grain yield per plant and pod length was also through number of pods per plant. It appears that phenotypic selection for number of pods per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and pod length would be useful for all practical purposes in greengram.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability and Correlation Studies in Some Brassica Juncea Mutants
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1999) Rajesh kumar; Dr. Anil Kumar Verma
    Oilseeds occupy a position next to cereals in our nation and Brassica Juncea L.has a definite identity among the oilseed crops. In view of the important of this crop, mutation breeding was resorted to taking two stable varities varuna and BR -40.For assessing the extent of variability, heritability genetic advance and gentic divergence 23 mutant lines of varuna and 13 lines of Br-40 were raised in M3 generation during rabi 1997-98 in RBD with three replications. The eight metic traits included days to first flowering plant height primary and secondry branches seed per siliqua siliquae per plant days to maturity and yield per plant. Phenotypic co-efficient of variation were high for secondary branched siliquae per plant and yield/plant in both the varieties whears genotypic coeffecent of variation was high to moderate for all these characters. High heritability accompanied by high genetic advance was obtained for secondary branches in both the varieties.While varuna showed high heritability for siliquae /plant and days to maturity also. The yield per plant in varuna had significant positive correlaltion with plant hight primary branched secondry branches , silliquae /plant and seeds/siliqua while in BR -40, it had significant positive correlation with seeds silique and days to maturity. It is apparent from the path analysis that days to first flowering had positive direct effect on yield as well as inBR-40. The highest D2 value between VM16 and VM18 in varuna and between BM3 and BM13 in BR -40 showed high genetic divergence between these mutant lines.The contribution of secondary branches yield/ plant days to maturity and siliquae /plant remained to the tune of 72.47 per plant of total divergence in varuna mutants ,whereas secondary branches plant height and days to first flowering contributed 71.43 per cent of total divergence in BR -40 mutants. The intra- cluster group mean showed cluster IV and V as more divergent than other in varuna wheras cluster 11 and 1v remeind more divergent in BR-40 .The characters respon slible for differentiation were mainly plant height primary and secondry branches siliqluae / plant and seed / silique.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Interrelationship between Metric character of Lentil (Lens Culinaris, Madik )"
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1998) Tarique Shamsh; Dr. K. D. Prasad
    Fifty four genotypes of lentil (Lens culisaris medic) were grown in randomized complete block design during rabi season of 1995 -96. The data recorded on ten quantitative characters viz. days to 50 percent flowering , days to maturity ,plant height , number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant and harvest index were analysis to find out the estimates of variability , heritability (broad sense), genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path coefficients. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the ten characters. This indicated the inheritant genetic differences among the genotypes for all the characters under the present investigation. Biological yield per plant, harvest index number of secondary branches per plant, harvest index of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant and grain yield per plant showed considerable coefficient of variation. Biological yield per plant, harvest index number of secondary branches per plant showed considerable coefficient of variation. High estimate of heritability (broad Sense ) together with high genetic advance in per cent of mean were observed for the charters number of secondary branches per plant number of pods per plant ,grain yield per plant and harvest index. Biological yield per plant also showed moderately high heritability and high genetic advance in per plant had a strong positive association with plant height number of primary branches per plant and harvest index. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the characters biological yield per plant and harvest index had high positive direct effect on grain yield per plant. The direct contribution of the character ,number of pods per plant was also positive and appreciable. However, its major contribution towards yield was through biological yield per plant. Present investigation thus indicated that biological yield per plant, harvest index per plant, harvest index and number of pods per plant may be considered in selection for increased grain yield in lintil.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Cataloguing of Germplasm of Transplanted Rice
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Ashwini Kumar; M. F. Haque
    Rice is one of the staple cereal crops of the world. It is consumed as a main food of more than 60 per cent of the world population It is a major source of protein (8.5%). It also contains about 2 to 2.5 per cent fat. In Asia, 90 per cent of the world's rice is grown and consumed, and nearly 2.8 billion people derive 35 to 60 per cent of the calories from rice. Rice area is concentrated in South-East Asian countries which contribute 80 per cent of total production. In India 90 per cent area is covered by rice during monsoon season. In some parts of the country it is sown throughout the year. India has the largest area about 41.5 million hectares under rice and annual production reached 80.96 million tones during the year 1995-96 (Swami Nathan, 1989 and Survey of Indian Agriculture, 1996, respectively). Therefore possibilities of further increase in area under rice cultivation being limited. Major gains in rice production in future will depend mainly on crop yield/unit area (Paroda & Malik, 1990). The yield gains in production were achieved due to the introduction of high yielding varieties in a big way in the country. Thus, the rapid spread of high yielding semi-dwarf since 1966-67 has greatly narrowed the genetic base of the rice crop. The average yield of rice in India is 1.9 tonnes/ha. and in Bihar 1.343 tonnes/ha. In India, more than 60 per cent of rice area falls in eastern India where the average yield is still low.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Study of Variability Correlation and Path Analysis in Indian Mustard
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1997) Punam Singh; A.K. Verma
    Title: Study of variability, correlation and path analysis in India mustard (B rassica JunceaL.) The present investigation on the genotypic and phenotypic variability ,correlation and path coefficient analysis was carried out for eight characters in forty genotypes of Indian mustard taken from different sources. Analysis of variance for eight characters revealed highly significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters. The range of variation observed in eight characters indicated a wide range of variations within characters. Highest range was observed in characters, 1000 seed weight and lowest in days to maturity. The phenotypic coefficient of variation was highest for 1000 seed weight followed by number of siliquae per plant. Days to maturity had the lowest coefficient of variation followed by plant height. As may be seen from the table the phenotypic and genotypic variances of three characters viz seed yield per plot, number of siliquae per plant and plant height were quite high. Highest genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was found for 1000 seed weight. The character days to maturity had the lowest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. Highest heritability estimates was observed for days to 50% flowering (96.26) followed by 1000 seed weight (91.87) days to maturity (77.08), plant height (77.01) and seed yield per plot (64.70). The character number of primary branches per plant had the lowest heritability followed by no of seeds per siliqua and number of siliqua per plant.The expected genetic advance suggested relative differences among the different plant characters studied.The characters seed yield per plot showed highest genetic advance (72.72) followed by number of siliquae per plant (21.29) and plant height (19.91).The cha
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability And Characters Association in Chickpea ( Cicer Arietinum L.) Under Late Sown Condition
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Naresh Prasad Yadav; Dr. C.M. Sharma
    Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) is the most important pulse accounting for more than one-third of the area and about 40% of the production of our country. In 1993-94 in India, the area of 7.76 million hectare produced 5.56 million tonnes of grain and productivity was 823 kg per hectare. The crop belongs to family Leguminosac and sub-family Papilionaceae. It is important source of protein, varying from 183 to 23.2 percent. Bihar produced about 940 thousand tonnes of crop from an area of 1084 thousand hectare during 1994-95. In plateau region of Chotanagpur and Santhal Pargana, the area under this crop is about 36.0 thousand ha. with a production of about 25.5 thousand tonnes and its productivity is about 429 kg per ha. The present investigation was carried out on the study of variability and character association in a collection of thirty genotype of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) of diverse origin under late sown condition. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant difference among thirty entries for the characters, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, pod size, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield and significant for the character seed yield per plant. Wide range of phenotypic variability was observed for the characters days to 50% flowering, plant height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield. Similar results have also been reported by Bhardwaj and Singh (1970).