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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Prem Kumar × Start date: 2023 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetic diversity studies in Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) Genotypes
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2023) Prem Kumar; Supriya S. Surin
    Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is an important pulse crop in India with great potential. The seeds of this crop contain 24% protein. Genotype and Environment interaction and genetic diversity analysis are crucial for its breeding program. In the present investigation, a total of fifty genotypes of Black gram were sown in randomized block design during Kharif season of 2021-2022. Genetic diversity parameters, including the D2 analysis based on Mahalanobis clustering, were studied for thirteen quantitative characters along with disease and pest incidence. The analysis of variance showed that the mean sum square among the genotypes was highly significant for twelve characters and disease incidence, namely days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000-seed weight, seed yield per plant, biological yield, with disease web blight, yellow mosaic, and leaf crinkle. This indicates a considerable amount of genetic variability for these traits among the studied genotypes. Phenotypic variablity was recorded higher then the genetypic variability for all the traits under study. Six major traits possessing high amount of phenotypic and genotypic variability as number of effective pods per plant, seed yield per plant, number of pods per plant etc. High heritablity together with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for nine traits, some of them were plant hight, number of primery branches per plant, number of cluster per plant etc. Correlation analysis showed that days to maturity, number of cluster per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, number of effective pods per plant, biological yield and harvest index were strong and positive significantly correlated with seed yield per plant. The genotype TU 1-30 (19.20g) produced highest seed yield per plant followed by BCU 20-62 (17.93g) and BCU 20-73 (17.76g). The study suggests that several traits can be improved through direct selection. The trait, seed yield per plant is dependent on several traits viz., days to maturity, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, etc. The study identified genotypes from cluster IV, V, IX, X and XIII maximum genetic diversity, which can be used for future hybridization. Finally, best five genotypes (BCU 20-62, KUG 479, VBN 17-021, SUG 1191 and PU 35) were identified as potential donor parents for future breeding programs.