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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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2018 - 20192
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Kumari, Priyanka ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 2019) Kumari, Priyanka; Tirkey, S.K.
    stability in performance under rainfed condition in field and drought stress condition in rainout shelter through morphological and physiological traits. The genotypes were sown in randomized block design with three and two replications in field and rainout shelter respectively. The characters under observation in natural condition are days to first flowering, days to maturity, pod yield per plant, kernel yield per plot, kernel yield per plant, shelling per cent, 100 seed weight, SMK per cent, number of branches, oil content, protein content, plant height, specific leaf area, relative water content, specific leaf weight, root weight, shoot weight, total dry matter, harvest index, proline content and pod yield per plot. The characters for which the observation was recorded in the rainout shelter are days to first flowering, days to maturity, pod yield per plant, , kernel yield per plant, oil content , protein content, specific leaf area, relative water content, specific leaf weight and proline content. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences for all the characters in both natural condition and rainout shelter suggesting high degree of variability among the genotypes grown. The GCV and PCV was recorded high for the characters kernel yield per plant and root weight per plot, pod yield per plant and proline content in the natural as well as stress condition. Moderate GCV and PCV was observed for pod yield per plot, kernel yield per plot , SLA, SLW and harvest index in natural condition and the same was observed for SLA, SLW, RWC and oil per cent under stress condition. In this experiment, the characters which showed high heritability along with high genetic advance are kernel yield per plant, pod yield per plant, specific leaf area, relative water content, specific leaf weight, oil and proline content in rainout shelter and kernel yield per plot, pod yield per plot, root weight, shoot weight, specific leaf area and proline content in the natural condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INDUCED VARIABILITY IN M3 AND M4 GENERATION OF SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) MERRILL] GENOTYPES
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6, 2018) Kumari, Priyanka; Verma, Nutan
    Representative M3 and M4 Gamma irradiated seeds (300 each) of two varieties of soybean, BSS-2 and RKS-18 procured from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Ranchi were sown in kharif 2017. Seeds of both the varieties viz. BSS-2 and RKS-18 were exposed to five different doses of gamma rays (50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy and 400 Gy) in the year 2014 and 2015 using Cobalt 60 sources in Gamma chamber at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai and their M3 and M4 progenies were used as experimental materials. There were slight reduction in germination % & survival % which varied from 83% to 86% & 85% to 96% respectively in different doses of Gamma rays in the variety BSS- 2 while in RKS-18, these varied from 81% to 83% and 91% to 94 % respectively in M4 generation. Polygenic variation in M3 and M4 generation of both BSS-2 and RKS-18 was observed for the characters, plant height, number of pod per plant, days to maturity and seed yield per plant due to effect of different doses of gamma rays. In qualitative characters both the varieties responded differently in different doses of Gamma rays. Some of the mutant plants have been found superior to their parent varieties in several yield contributing characters. Mutagenic frequency was found more in lower doses of Gamma rays in both the varieties in both the generation M3 & M4. Mutagenic rate was found higher in RKS-18 proving it to be more reactive to mutagenic treatments. In the variety BSS-2 the highest mutagenic effectiveness was recorded at 100 Gy, while in RKS-18 the highest mutagenic effectiveness was at 50 Gy in M3. The effectiveness decreased with increase in dose i.e. lower dose was found to be the most effective. From mean performance it was observed that many of the characters showed significant superiority and at par with the control in M3 and M4 generations. In the M3 generation, for the variety BSS-2 the maximum phenotypic coefficient of variability (PCV) was observed for the character seed yield per plant at 50 Gy. At lower dose all eight quantitative characters showed positive and non- significant correlation with the characters seed yield per plant except plant height which showed negative correlation. In M4 generation both the varieties BSS-2 and RKS-18 generation at lower dose (50 Gy) highest PCV, GCV, h2%, GA and GA as percent of mean was recorded only for the character plant height. In BSS-2 maximum heritability percent was observed for 100 seed weight, while in RKS-18 maximum heritability percent was recorded for days to maturity. Path coefficient analysis was done in M4 generation. The variety, BSS-2 at higher dose (400 Gy) days to 50% flowering, plant height and seeds per pod showed positive direct effect from moderate to high value with seed yield per plant, whereas at 400 Gy positive direct effect from moderate to low value was observed for number of branches per plant, seeds per pods and 100 seed weight with seed yield per plant in the variety RKS-18. The effective potential of induced mutational approach can help in generating improvement of soybean by recovering superior mutant types having enhanced yield.