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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi

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Subject: Agricultural Engineering × Author: Braj Nandan Prasad × End date: 1996 × Start date: 1996 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Crop Planning For Better Utilization of Land and Water Resources of Jumar Nala Watershed, Ranchi
    (Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, 1996) Braj Nandan Prasad; Dr. A. P. Mishra
    The present study aims to propose a suitable cropping pattern for Jumar nala watershed area of Ranchi . The investigation covered ,water recourse study and its availability , crop coefficient to estimate irrigation requirement of important Kharif and rabi crops, analysis of rainfall and evaporation data and formulation of linear programming model for optimal allocation of land and water resources of the watershed area. The sources of irrigation water are ponds and percolation wells only.The present storing capacity of ponds available in the study area is 66.7 % of total runoff expected at 30% risk.The total availability of water from these resources were estimated to be 62,156.9 ha-mm during Kharif and 35,348.6 ha-mm during rabi seasons . Excess and deficit analysis at 30% risk showed that excess period is continuous from 2nd July to 23rd September. The deficit period is also continuous from 24th September to 1st July during which there is need of supplemental irrigation for crop production. The analysis indicate that there is 20-25 % change of damage to Kharif crops under rainfed condition. The results of onset and withdrawal of mansoon indicated that field preparation and sowing operation of Kharif crops should be completed by 24th June and pudding operation by 8th to 15th July os that transplanting of paddy may be completed latest by 31st July of every year to get good Kharif crops at 30% risk. There is negligible amount of rainfed in post monsoon season. Winter season receives less than 40mm .rainfall even at 10% probability. Therefore, moisture resistant rainfed crops like Linseed Lentil and Gram may be recommended for watershed area during rabi season. Crop coefficient of approximately all crops were found higher between 23rd July and 16 th September which coincide with rainfall excess period. Crop coefficients of rabi crops were found higher between 17th December and 18th February which I rainfall deficit period. This is an indication of requirement of addition irrigation water during these period, but availability of water in the watershed area limits its application to selected crops at vulnerable growth stages. The existing cropping pattern was found deficient in producing balanced