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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2010 - 20122
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Author: SANJEEV KUMAR × End date: 2012 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON DISTRIBUTION, GROWTH AND BIOLOGICAL YIELD POTENTIAL OF BAMBOOS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (2010) SANJEEV KUMAR; BHARDWAJ, D.R.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled, “Studies on distribution, growth and biological yield potential of bamboos in Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in the low and mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh. For conducting the present investigations, low and mid hills of Himachal Pradesh in which the bamboos occurs naturally and also raised by the farming community in abundance, was divided in to four altitudinal gradients viz., <500, 500-900, 900-1300 and 1300-1700m asl, to know the distribution, growth and biological yield potential of bamboo along these elevation ranges. The leaves and tender shoots of bamboo species growing in low and mid hills conditions of Himachal Pradesh were subjected to analysis of their respective traits. The study revealed that there are only two genera viz., Dendrocalamus and Bambusa are present in the entire study area. Overall there are five species three from the Dendrocalamus and two belong to the Bambusa genus. The species found in the study area are D. hamiltonii, D. hookri var Parshii, D. strictus, Bambusa arundinacea and B. nutans distributed from 300 m asl to 1700m asl. All the species displayed their best growth performance in the 500 – 900 m asl elevation range. Among the species the best distribution was observed for D. hamiltonii and least for D. hookri var parshii. Present investigation also highlighted the regeneration, management and utilization status of the all the bamboo species in the entire study area. The study also reveals that all the growth parameters hold good relationship with the site characters. In the another experiment of tender bamboo shoots, the study revealed that nutritional attributes of tender bamboo shoots varied markedly among different species of bamboo. The moisture, dry matter, crude protein, fat, carbohydrates, and the P and Mg content in different bamboo species varied from 91.41 to 92.53 per cent, 7.69 to 8.54 per cent, 17.86 to 24.33 per cent, 0.30 to 0.47 per cent, 2.34 to 5.21 per cent, 32.59 to 39.59 mg/100g and 26.19 to 58.41mg /100g, respectively. The finding indicates that best nutritional traits were found in D. hamiltonii & B. nutans. Best time of harvest for the edible shoots is September and the height is 15±2 cm but from yield point of view 25±2 cm is the best. In the nutritional analysis of leaf samples to standardize the lopping period, the study reveals that the bamboo leaf contains 56.84 to 77.12 percent dry matter, 15.06% to 17.30 percent crude protein, 2.77% to 6.90% ether extract, 32.71 to 44.83% NFE. The study concludes that from fodder point of view B. arundinacea is the best species whereas mineral content are good in D. hamiltonii. All the parameters are better in the month of December than other months.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PURIFICATION OF CELLULASE AND XYLANASE ENZYMES PRODUCED FROM POTENTIAL MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM COMPOST FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
    (2012) SANJEEV KUMAR; SHARMA, NIVEDITA
    ABSTRACT The present investigation was carried out to isolate, screen and identify the most efficient cellulolytic and xylanolytic microorganisms from compost. Enzyme production, optimization, purification, characterization, kinetics, cellulase/xylanase gene encoding and scale up studies were performed with selected strains to recommend their use for industries. In total 102 microorganisms including 93 bacteria and 9 fungi were isolated. Among them, three bacteria SH8, SH0 and BM-1 and two fungal isolates i.e. T2 and W2 were screened for cellulase and xylanase enzyme production studies. The bacterial isolates were identified as B. amyloliquefaciens, B. tequilensis and B. subtilis respectively by 16S rRNA PCR technique and registered in NCBI under accession no. JX129360.1, JX129359.1 and JX129361.1 while fungi were identified as T. longibracheatum and R. oryzae by ITS 5.8S rRNA technique and being assigned accession no. JX213811.1 and JX213812.1. in NCBI. Cellulase and xylanase enzymes were optimized through classical approach one factor at a time (OFAT) as well as response surface methodology (RSM) under submerged fermentation varying medium, pH, temperature, inoculum size, carbon source, substrate concentration and incubation time and in solid state fermentation using different pretreatments i.e. pH, temperature, moisture ratio and incubation time. The percent increase in enzyme activity obtained after optimization of different process parameters was 204.51% for cellulase of B. subtilis BM-1, 222.91% and 210.52% for xylanase of B. amyloliquefaciensSH8 and B. tequilensis SH0, respectively in SmF. The increase in cellulase and xylanase of T. longibracheatum T2 was recorded 63.65% and 95.96% while in R. oryzae W2 it was 107.38% and 125.64%, respectively under SSF. The purification of hydrolytic enzymes was proceeded following multistep purification technique using ion exchange chromatography and gel exclusion chromatography and the molecular weight of partially purified xylanase enzymes of B. amyloliquefaciensSH8, B. tequilensis SH0 and T. longibracheatum T2 were found in the range of 14 kDa to 93.4 kDa, respectively. The partially purified xylanase of both bacterial and fungal origin were further characterized by studying, the effect of various parameters viz. the effect of pH, temperature, metal ions, substrate specificity, substrate concentrations and their kinetic parameters were derived. The partially purified thermostable xylanase of bacterial origin was active at 90oC, pH 6.0, showed high activity on xylan containing substrates and depicted cellulase free nature. The Km and Vmax of B. amyloliquefaciens SH8 xylanase for birch wood xylan were 166.67 μmol/mg/min and 5.83 mg/ml, while for B. tequilensis SH0 were 166.66 μmol/mg/min and 10.99 mg/ml. Similarly, partially purified enzyme of T. longibracheatum T2 was optimally active at 60oC, pH 5.0 and showed high activity on xylan containing substrates. The Km and Vmax of T. longibracheatum T2 xylanase for birch wood xylan were 125.0 μmol/mg/min and 1.55 mg/ml. Cellulase and xylanase abilities of the isolates were targeted by amplification of eglS and Xyn genes. Optimum conditions i.e. inoculum age, inoculum size, aeration rate and agitation rate were explored at pilot scale for xylanase enzyme by B. amyloliquefaciens SH8. The inoculum age of 4h, inoculum size @ 10% concentration, 1.0vvm and agitation rate of 200 rpm were found best for production of xylanase enzyme in 7.5 L bioreactor. Mathematical model based on experimental results for xylanase production was proposed. The production of xylanase was found growth associated. The model consists of a set of ordinary differential equations taking into account the bacterial growth, substrate utilization and xylanase production with time.