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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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Author: MAHATO, DEBASIS × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2012 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VEGETATION DYNAMICS OF CHIR PINE FORESTS ALONG ALTITUDINAL GRADIENT IN GIRI CATCHMENT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (2013) MAHATO, DEBASIS; GUPTA, B
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Vegetation dynamics of Chir pine forests along altitudinal gradient in Giri catchment of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in Giri catchment, a component of Giri-Bata catchment in Himachal Pradesh located between 30o 33¢ 48² and 31o 16¢ 08² N latitude and 77o 02¢ 32² to 77o 38¢ 22² E longitude. This catchment is distributed in Shimla, Sirmaur and Solan districts of Himachal Pradesh and is comprised of 135 subwatersheds. The climatic condition of experimental sites ranges from tropical/sub-tropical through sub-humid to sub-temperate climate and clay to sandy soils. In each experimental site three sample plots of size 0.1 ha for trees, two plots of 10mx10m were marked to study shrubs and in each sample plot, 6 quadrates of 50cmx50cm were harvested to study herbs characteristics. Composition, density (plants/ha), basal area (m2/ha), biomass (q/ha), carbon stock (q/ha) of different vegetation layers and soil properties of grasslands and Chir pine forests for herb and shrub layers were analyzed in 42 experimental sites of 14 representative subwatersheds during 2010-2011. The data were analyzed by using factorial RBD, Duncan test, variability analysis through statistical techniques viz., measures of dispersion, Bertlett’s test of significance and TWINSPAN, whereas cluster analysis was carried out by CAP (Version 4.0) software. The floristic composition comprised of 4%, 5%, 7%, 21%, 25%, and 38% trees , sedges, legumes, grasses, shrubs and forbs respectively under Chir pine forest. However, grasslands consist of 7% sedges, 8% legumes, 25% grasses, 27% shrubs and 33% forbs. Herbage density (tillers/m2) in grasslands ranged form 926.65-1445.34, 851.32-1256.03 and 603.33-1128.01 for E1 (900-1300m), E2 (1300- 1700m) and E3 (1700-2100m) at different Silting Yield Index (SYI). The E1C1 (1295.58) reported significantly higher herbage density of grasslands than others. In Chir pine forests, the herbage density varied from 744.00 to 1279.34, 609.34 to 1086.65 and 420.68 to 827.99 for E1, E2 and E3, respectively at different SYI classes. The herbage density in Chir pine forests was significantly higher at E1C1 than other interactions. The shrub density varied from 1666.67 to 2866.67, 1300.00 to 2399.99 and 1466.67 to 2699.99 in grasslands, whereas, 2300.01 to 5066.67, 1466.67 to 4199.99 and 1400.01 to 3400.00 in Chir pine forests for E1, E2 and E3, respectively at different SYI classes. Herbage basal area (cm2/m2) varied from 40.10 to 56.01, 36.34 to 49.61, 25.21 to 45.93 in grasslands and 32.81 to 54.09, 28.27 to 49.39, 18.56 to 37.43 in Chir pine forest for E1, E2 and E3, respectively at different SYI classes. The shrub basal area (m2/ha) varied from 0.137 to 1.719, 0.136 to 0.685, 0.383 to 1.632 in grasslands and 0.240 to 2.338, 0.181 to 1.136, 0.299 to 2.223 in Chir pine forests for E1, E2, E3, respectively at different SYI classes. The C. montanus at E1 (IVI= 116.98) and E2 ( IVI=146.65), while, H. contortus, at E3 (IVI= 118.02) were dominant herbage species in grasslands. In Chir pine forests, dominant species was T. anathera with IVI 155.46, 186.77 and 180.68 at E1, E2 and E3, respectively. In grasslands the dominant shrub species at E1 was C. carandus, at E2 was M. africana while, at E3 was B. lycium. In Chir pine forests, M. africana at E1 and C. carandus at E2 while B. lycium at E3 were the dominant shrub species. The aboveground, belowground and total herbage biomass for were (28.44 to 46.13, 21.37 to 43.23, 14.75 to 41.80), (15.61 to 27.93, 11.11 to 27.87, 7.39 to 27.53) and (44.05 to 70.29, 32.48 to 68.17, 22.14 to 61.59) at E1, E2 and E3, respectively in grasslands. In Chir pine forests, the aboveground (23.25 to 44.07, 18.58 to 42.14, 18.02 to 37.75), belowground (11.96 to 22.01, 9.15 to 19.57, 7.95 to 17.70) and total herbage biomass (35.21 to 66.08, 27.73 to 61.33, 26.30 to 54.17) for E1, E2 and E3 were recorded. The shrub aboveground (4.621 to 9.884, 3.699 to 7.212, 3.741 to 9.302), belowground (0.969 to 3.184, 0.550 to 2.163, 0.757 to 2.197) and total (5.75 to 11.70, 4.59 to 8.83 and 4.56 to 11.50) biomass were recorded in grasslands for E1, E2 and E3. In Chir pine forests at E1, E2 and E3, shrub biomass for aboveground (9.295 to 19.810, 4.538 to 11.838, 5.469 to 18.018), belowground (1.151 to 3.972, 0.768 to 3.405, 0.940 to 3.125) and total (9.82 to 23.78, 6.11 to 14.16 and 6.71 to 21.14) were recorded. Average total biomass was highest at E2 (1399.04) as compared to E1 (1244.92) and E3 (1000.43). Total carbon stock (herb+shrub+soil) in grassland ranged from 308.69 to 520.16, 380.70 to 539.17, 429.75 to 550.27 for E1, E2 and E3, respectively. In Chir pine forests, the total carbon stock (herb+shrub+tree+soil) varied from 964.80 to 1263.58, 1138.69 to 1305.66, and 828.27 to 1170.01 for E1, E2 and E3, respectively at different SYI classes. The soil pH in grassland varied from 5.99 to 7.71, 6.03 to 7.56 and 6.17 to 7.68 whereas, in Chir pine forests 5.94 to 7.01, 5.91 to 6.93 and 6.23 to 6.84 at E1, E2 and E3, respectively. In grasslands, the bulk density was 1.06 to 1.22, 1.03 to 1.19 and 0.95 to 1.15, while, in Chir pine forests, 1.00 to 1.22, 0.96 to 1.12 and 0.93 to 1.05. In grassland SOC varied from 1.16 to 2.29, 1.52 to 2.47 and 1.81 to 2.75 whereas, at Chir pine forests it ranged from 1.68 to 2.48, 1.96 to 2.84 and 2.33 to 2.84 at E1, E2 and E3, respectively.