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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access LINE × TESTER ANALYSIS FOR HORTICULTURAL TRAITS IN WHITE FRUITED BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-05) ANNEPU, SUDHEER KUMAR; SHARMA, H DEVABSTRACT The present study entitled “Line × Tester analysis for horticultural traits in white fruited brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was carried out during the Kharif, 2019 and 2020 at the Experimental Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Dr YSPUH&F, Nauni-173 230, Solan (HP), India to elucidate the information on the extent of mean performance, heterosis, combining ability, nature and magnitude of gene action for various horticultural traits. The experimental material consisted of 35 genotypes comprising of eight diverse lines, three testers, 24 F1 hybrids resulted from employing Line × Tester mating design. The genotypes were evaluated in a field trial conducted in Randomized Block Design with three replications during Kharif, 2020. The observations were recorded on days to 50% flowering, days to first picking, number of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), fruit weight (g), number of leaves per plant, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, stem girth (cm), fruit yield per plant (g), projected fruit yield per hectare (q/ha), infestation of shoot and fruit borer (%), incidence of fruit rot (%), TSS (ºB), ascorbic acid content (mg/100g), total phenol content (mg/100g) and antioxidant activity (μmol TE/g FW). Further, 30 different SRAP marker combinations were used to determine the molecular diversity among the parental genotypes used in the hybridization programme. The Line × Tester analysis revealed that all the genotypes possessed wide spectrum of variability and showed significant differences for lines, testers and line × tester interaction for majority of the traits studied. The white fruited brinjal varieties, Indira Safed Bangan (297.03 q/ha) followed by KKM-1 (252.82 q/ha), Kashi Himani (249.73 q/ha) and Shweta (242.24 q/ha) whereas, cross combinations KKM-1 × Kashi Himani (397.40 q/ha), Nadia Local × Kashi Himani (392.41 q/ha), IC-090696 × Indira Safed Bangan (389.23 q/ha) and IC-090696 × Shweta (354.52 q/ha) recorded the high fruit yield. These hybrid combinations exhibited mid parent heterosis ranging from 58.15% (KKM-1 × Kashi Himani) to 79.27% (Nadia Local × Kashi Himani) and heterobeltiosis ranging from 31.04% (IC-090696 × Indira Safed Bangan) to 57.19% (KKM-1 × Kashi Himani) for fruit yield. For yield and component traits, the parental lines viz., IC-090696, KKM-1, EC-169089 and Nadia Local had exerted good GCA effects whereas, Kashi Himani is the tester genotype with good GCA effect for fruit yield. These genotypes with high GCA can be used in multiple crosses and their segregating population. Among the cross combinations, the top four high yielding hybrid combinations with significant positive SCA effects for fruit yield are Nadia Local × Kashi Himani (186.69), IC-112901 × Kashi Himani (132.78), KKM-1 × Kashi Himani (112.40) and IC-090696 × Shweta (114.01). The genetic diversity studies using SRAP markers revealed that, among the 30 SRAP primer combinations, 25 primer combinations were found to be polymorphic thus, appeared to be useful to elucidate the molecular diversity in the parental genotypes. The number of band position generated by these thirty markers for all the 11 parental genotypes were 101, which gave an average of 3.36 alleles per marker. The dendrogram constructed from SRAP marker data divided eleven parental genotypes into three clusters. The molecular diversity analysis carried out during the present investigation proved that, SRAP markers could be efficiently applied to detect polymorphism even with a relatively low number of alleles.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SPENT MUSHROOM SUBSTRATES AND OTHER NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH YIELD AND QUALITY OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-05) THAKUR, SHIVENDER; THAKUR, KUDEEP SINGHABSTRACT The present study entitled “Effect of different spent mushroom substrates and other nutrient sources on growth, yield and quality of pea (Pisum sativum L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni Solan, (HP) in two successive seasons i.e. rabi 2018-19 and 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications comprising of thirteen treatment combinations of inorganic fertilizer, different spent mushroom substrates (button, shitake and oyster mushroom spent substrates) and biofertilizers (PSB, RZB) inoculation through seed and soil application. The treatments were T1: RPF: RDF- (N 25: P 60: K 60) + FYM 20t/ha, T2: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste), T3: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T4: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste), T5: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through button mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T6: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste), T7: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T8: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste), T9: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through shitake mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T10: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste), T11: 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB, T12: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste, T13: 60 % RDF + 40 % RDF (On N eq basis through oyster mushroom waste) + PSB + RZB. Bio-inoculated/un-inoculated pea seeds as per treatment combination were sown at a spacing of 60 × 7.5 cm. Different spent mushroom substrate and biofertilizers amended treatment combinations significantly influenced yield (green pod & seed) and plant growth attributes of pea crop. The treatment combination which comprised of 80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq. basis through button mushroom substrate (T3) resulted in plants which had maximum plant height (110.80 cm), number of branches (4.77), pod length (6.61 cm), pod diameter (1.23 cm), pod weight (6.56 g), number of grains per pod (8.32), number of pods per plant (28.37), green pod yield per plant (135.24 g), yield per hectare (176.95 q) with shelling of 43.54 per cent. This treatment combination also resulted in higher seed yield and good quality parameters viz. seed yield per hectare (18.91q), 100 seed weight (16.47 g), germination (94.63 %), seed vigour index-I (1821.90), and seed vigour index-II (3819.50) and minimum severity of leaf blight (9.10 %). After harvesting of the crop soil analysis also revealed that maximum availability of N: P: K (413.95: 55.20: 413.98 kg/ha) were in treatment T3 (80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq. basis through button mushroom waste + PSB + RZB) with an increase of 30.73, 62.07 and 29.99 per cent, respectively over the recommended practice (316.64: 34.06: 318.46 kg/ha). The annual net return over the two years of study was found significantly highest (Rs 220868.33 per hectare) with a B: C ratio of 3.52 in the same treatment. The experimental findings have proved the utility of SMS as an important source of nutrients in cultivation of pea. On the basis of two years study, it can be concluded that treatment combination T3 (80 % RDF + 20 % RDF on N eq. basis through spent button mushroom substrate + PSB + RZB) resulted in saving of 20 % fertilizers (NPK), better growth, improved yield and net returns.ThesisItem Open Access HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES USING CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN CAULIFLOWER (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2021-03) NAIR SUNIL APPUKUTAN, NAIR SUNIL; MEHTA, DEVINDER KUMARABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “and Combining Ability Studies Using Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.)”was conducted during the years 2018-2020 at research farm of Department of Vegetable Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) to assess the information on gene action as inferred from the combining ability analysis and magnitude of heterosis for different yield related traits. Thirty cross combinations generated from crossing of three CMS lines (UHF-CAU-CMS-1, UHF-CAU-CMS-2, UHF-CAU-CMS-3) with 10 testers (PSBK-1, PSBKT-25, Early Snowball, Cambridge No. 5, Olympus, Snowball Super, White Heart, Champion, Early London, White Rock) in Line × Tester mating design were evaluated along with parents and a check (Pusa Snowball Hybrid-1) in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication. The genotypes and crosses were evaluated for various quantitative traits viz., plant height, days to 50 per cent curd harvesting, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf breadth, plant spread, stalk length, curd equatorial length, curd polar length, curd size index, curd solidity, gross plant weight, marketable curd weight, marketable curd yield, net curd weight, , harvest index and disease parameters such as Sclerotinia rot incidence and black rot severity. The quality traits such as leaf attitude, leaf shape, leaf colour, leaf waxiness, curd covering by inner leaves, curd knobbing, curd texture, curd shape, curd doming, curd colour, curd riceyness and curd anthocyanin at the time of maturity were also recorded on basis of DUS characterization. Analysis of variance for the data revealed significant differences among the genotypes for most of the traits investigated. The combining ability analysis revealed significant differences due to lines, testers and line x tester interactions for most of the traits when tested against error indicating appreciable diversity in the experimental material. The experimental results revealed UHF-CAU-CMS-1 as the best general combiner for various traits such as plant height, leaf length, plant spread, curd polar length, curd size index, gross plant weight, marketable curd weight, while; UHF-CAU-CMS-2 excelled with desirable GCA effects for traits viz., days to 50 per cent curd harvesting, leaf breadth, curd equatorial length, curd solidity and net curd weight. The experimental results inferred that on the basis of GCA analysis and mean performances, the parents, UHF-CAU-CMS-2 (Line) and PSBK-1, Early London and Snowball Super (testers) were found superior for majority of yield contributing traits. The cross combinations UHF-CAU-CMS-1 × Snowball Super, UHF-CAU-CMS-1 × PSBK-1 and UHF-CAU-CMS-2 × Early London were the three best performing crosses on the basis of their per se mean performance, SCA analysis and heterotic effects for majority of yield traits such as curd size index, marketable curd weight/curd yield, net curd weight and its contributing traits. These crosses also exhibited less Sclerotinia rot incidence and black rot severity and had desirable curd traits such as snow-white curds, curd covering by inner leaves, compact curds and were free from curd riceyness. The estimates of variance ratio (σ2A/ σ2D) were less than unity for most of the traits substantiating the role of non-additive gene action for the traits suggesting the exploitation of heterosis breeding for further improvement in the mid-late and late maturity groups of cauliflower. Hence, these three cross combinations should be further evaluated at multi-locations before releasing as a substitute of already existing hybrids of cauliflower.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HETEROSIS, COMBINING ABILITY AND GENE ACTION FOR HORTICULTURAL TRAITS IN BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2020-08) SINGH, SHALINI; SHARMA, H. DEVABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on heterosis, combining ability and gene action for horticultural traits in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was conducted at Experimental Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173 230 (HP) during the years 2017, 2018 & 2019. The experimental material for the present study consisted of fifteen lines, three testers, their resultant forty five crosses developed by Line × Tester mating design and three standard checks. All the parents, their hybrids and the three standard checks were planted in a Randomized Block Design for their evaluation in Kharif, 2019. The observations were recorded on eighteen different traits viz., Days to 50% flowering, Days to first picking, number of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), fruit volume (cc), fruit weight (g), number of leaves per plant, plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), number of primary branches per plant, stem girth (cm), fruit yield per plant (g), shoot and fruit borer infestation (%), incidence of fruit rot (%), TSS (0B), ascorbic acid content (mg/100g) and total phenol content (mg/100g). Inheritance of resistance to shoot and fruit borer was also studied by observing the segregation pattern of different generations (F2, B1 and B2) using chi-square analysis. The analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among all the genotypes for all the traits studied. The experimental results revealed that the lines IVBL-116- 131, NBJ-19, CO-11, DRNKV-02-104, DBR-8, and testers PPL and PPC were superior based on their mean performance and general combining ability. Therefore, they can further be used in multiple crosses and their segregating population. Based on mean performance, heterosis per cent and specific combining effects five most promising cross combinations were NBJ-19 × PPL, DRNKV-02-104 × PPC, DBR-8 × PPC, IVBL-116-131 × PPC and CO-11 × PPC which performed well for majority of traits. Hence, these hybrid combinations can further be tested at multiple locations and could be utilized for future hybrid brinjal breeding. Gene action studies indicated predominance of non additive gene action in governing all the traits suggesting exploitation of hybrid vigour and developing hybrids for improvement of horticultural traits in brinjal. Chi-square analysis revealed that in all the three crosses F2 generation segregated as 15 infested to 1 non-infested in both shoots and fruits revealing the presence of duplicate gene action and the test cross i.e., B1 segregated in 1:1 ratio whereas, in B2 reverse pattern of inheritance was observed suggesting that digenic recessive genes were involved in governing the inheritance of resistance to shoot and fruit borer. Keywords: Brinjal, Solanum melongena, heterosis, combining ability, gene action, inheritance of resistance, shoot and fruit borer, horticultural traits.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS IN CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2020-08) TYAGI, NIDHI; SHARMA, HEM RAJABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Genetic analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits in cucumber (Cucumber sativus L.)” was carried out at the HRS and KVK, Kandaghat, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, H.P. during pre-kharif seasons of 2017, 2018 and 2019. The experimental material comprised 18 F1 crosses, developed by crossing 3 gynoecious lines with 6 testers during the year 2017. During pre kharif 2018 and 2019, seeds of all the parents (3 lines and 6 testers) and their 18 F1’s along with the standard checks (KH-1) were planted in RCBD with 3 replications for their comparative analysis. The character studied viz., days to first female flower appearance, node number bearing first female flower, days to first fruit harvest, number of primary branches per plant, vine length (m), fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), number of marketable fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), marketable fruit yield per plant (kg), seed cavity size (cm), 100 seed weight, total soluble solids (°Brix), total sugar (%), ascorbic acid content (mg/100 g), severity of downy mildew (%) and severity of powdery mildew (%).The analysis of variance showed the significant differences among all parents and cross combinations for all the traits. Experimental results revealed that lines KTG 40, 2870 G and testers K-90 and UHF-16 were superior on the basis of mean performance and general combining ability therefore, could be potential donors in breeding. The cross combinations KTG 40 × K-90, 2870 G × K-90, KTG 40 × UHF-16 and 2870 G × UHF-16 were identified as having promise based on mean performance, heterosis and specific combining ability. Estimates of σ2s were higher in magnitude than those of σ2g (average), or variance ratio <1 and predictability ratio <0.5 found for all the traits thereby, indicating the predominant role of non-additive gene action governing these traits. Partial to overdominance response in inheritance of most traits contributes to the genetic basis of heterosis. Therefore, heterosis breeding could be exploited commercially for the development of high-yielding, quality, downy mildew and powdery mildew disease tolerance gynoecious hybrids in cucumber.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANTING METHODS, MULCHING AND NAA APPLICATION ON BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.) PRODUCTION(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-07) BIJALWAN, PRIYANKA; SUHUKLA, Y RABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of planting methods, ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of planting methods, mulching and NAA application on bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) production” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during Kharif seasons of year 2017-18 and 2018-19 with the objective to evaluate the effect of planting methods, mulching and NAA application on fruit yield, quality and incidence of disease(s) in Bell Pepper. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications comprising twelve treatments. The seedlings of cv. “Solan Bharpur” were transplanted on April, 2017 and 2018 at a spacing of 60 × 45 cm in 1.20 × 9.45 m size plots. The experiment was comprised of two planting methods viz., P1 (raised bed planting method) and P2 (flat bed planting method), three levels of mulch materials viz., M1 (black polythene mulch), M2 (double colored polythene-silver/black mulch) and M3 (no mulch) and two NAA levels viz., N1 (application of NAA @ 15ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting) and N2 (no NAA application). Thus, there were 12 treatment combinations in all replicated thrice. The observations were recorded on plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, harvest duration (days), fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), pericarp thickness (mm), fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant, number of pickings, leaf area index, yield [per plant (kg)/ plot (kg)/ ha (q)], severity of leaf blight (%), incidence of collar rot and fruit rot (%), TSS (OBrix), ascorbic acid content, capsaicin content (mg/100 g of fruit weight), shelf life (days), weed count, weed control efficiency (%), weed intensity (%), fresh and dry weight of weeds (g per m2), soil moisture content (%), soil temperature (OC) and economics of different treatment combinations. Results showed that raised bed planting method (P1), Silver/black polythene mulch (M2) and NAA application @ 15 ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting (N2) proved best for yield and yield contributing traits. Two way interactions like P1M1, P1M2, M1N1, M2N1, P1N1 and P1N2were rated as the best treatment combinations in terms of all the growth, yield and quality parameters. Studies also revealed that P1M2N1 (raised bed, silver mulch with NAA application @ 15 ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting) yielded maximum (384.69 q/ha) as well as recorded maximum values of gross return (Rs.577,035.00/-), net return Rs.3,52,416.93/- and comparatively less B:C ratio (1:57). and NAA application on bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) production” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during Kharif seasons of year 2017-18 and 2018-19 with the objective to evaluate the effect of planting methods, mulching and NAA application on fruit yield, quality and incidence of disease(s) in Bell Pepper. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (factorial) with three replications comprising twelve treatments. The seedlings of cv. “Solan Bharpur” were transplanted on April, 2017 and 2018 at a spacing of 60 × 45 cm in 1.20 × 9.45 m size plots. The experiment was comprised of two planting methods viz., P1 (raised bed planting method) and P2 (flat bed planting method), three levels of mulch materials viz., M1 (black polythene mulch), M2 (double colored polythene-silver/black mulch) and M3 (no mulch) and two NAA levels viz., N1 (application of NAA @ 15ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting) and N2 (no NAA application). Thus, there were 12 treatment combinations in all replicated thrice. The observations were recorded on plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, harvest duration (days), fruit length (cm), fruit breadth (cm), pericarp thickness (mm), fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant, number of pickings, leaf area index, yield [per plant (kg)/ plot (kg)/ ha (q)], severity of leaf blight (%), incidence of collar rot and fruit rot (%), TSS (OBrix), ascorbic acid content, capsaicin content (mg/100 g of fruit weight), shelf life (days), weed count, weed control efficiency (%), weed intensity (%), fresh and dry weight of weeds (g per m2), soil moisture content (%), soil temperature (OC) and economics of different treatment combinations. Results showed that raised bed planting method (P1), Silver/black polythene mulch (M2) and NAA application @ 15 ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting (N2) proved best for yield and yield contributing traits. Two way interactions like P1M1, P1M2, M1N1, M2N1, P1N1 and P1N2were rated as the best treatment combinations in terms of all the growth, yield and quality parameters. Studies also revealed that P1M2N1 (raised bed, silver mulch with NAA application @ 15 ppm at 30 and 45 days after transplanting) yielded maximum (384.69 q/ha) as well as recorded maximum values of gross return (Rs.577,035.00/-), net return Rs.3,52,416.93/- and comparatively less B:C ratio (1:57).ThesisItem Open Access INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO PEA LEAF MINER AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS IN PEA(PISUM SATIVUM L.)(UHF,NAUNI, 1993) MANISH KUMAR; RASTOGI, K.B.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM WITH AND WITHOUT RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF PEA(UHF,NAUNI, 1996) KANAUJIA, SATYA PRAKASH; RASTOGI, K.B.ThesisItem Open Access GENETIC EVALUATION OF SOME TOMATO LINES AND THEIR HYBRIDS(UHF,NAUNI, 2009) SANTOSH KUMARI; THAKUR, M.C.