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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access VARIABILITY AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN SEED AND SEEDLING TRAIT OF CANDIDATE PLUS TREES OF Acacia catechu WILLD.(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-09-27) OSHMI PANJORIA; DUSHYANT KUMAR SHARMAABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Variability and genetic divergence studies in seed and genetic divergence of candidate plus trees of Acacia catechu Willd.” was carried out to evaluate variation among twenty candidate plus trees at College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri Hamirpur (H.P). Twenty candidate plus tress (CPTs) of Acacia catechu were selected from two districts of Himachal Pradesh namely, Una and Hamirpur (10 CPTs from each district). The experiment was laid out in a CRD with three replications. One year old seedlings were observed and analysed for growth and genetic parameters. Significant difference was found among all the CPTs with respect to pod, seeds and nursery growth parameters. CPT 1 (Khaggal) recorded maximum values for pod length, pod width, pod thickness. CPT 2 (Neri) recorded maximum number of seeds per pod. CPT 12 (Thanakalan) recorded maximum values for seed length, seed width, seed thickness, 100 seed weight, germination percentage. CPT 10 (Kashmir) recorded maximum fresh root shoot ratio whereas, CPT 1 (Khaggal) recorded maximum dry root shoot ratio. CPT 8 (Kamlah) performed better than all other varieties for seedling height and collar diameter. CPT 1 (Khaggal), CPT 8 (Kamlah) and CPT 20 (Baruhi) showed outstanding performance for growth and biomass traits. Heritability value was recorded high to moderate for all the traits. In correlation coefficient studies significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation was observed for majority of the characters. Magnitude of genotypic correlation coefficient was found higher than phenotypic correlation coefficient. Divergence (D2) studies indicated remarkable diversity among twenty candidate plus trees (CPTs) of Acacia catechu Willd. Based on analysis of genetic divergence, four clusters were formed with maximum number of CPTs (11) falling under cluster I. The findings of present study revealed that the selection of suitable CPTs based on their growth performance will further help in tree improvement programs.ThesisItem Open Access SEED SOURCE VARIATION IN Phyllanthus emblica Linn. of HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-09-27) POOJA SHARMA; ANITA KUMARIABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Seed source variation in Phyllanthus emblica Linn. of Himachal Pradesh’’ was confined to 12 populations distributed in Hamirpur, Kangra, Bilaspur and Mandi regions of Himachal Pradesh. From each population 5 mother trees were further selected. 60 mother trees were selected for the study. Variations in fruit, stone, pulp and seedling traits were studied by collecting fruits of this species in the month of December 2022. There was large variation in tree phenotypic characters, fruit, stone and pulp traits. Kathal population recorded maximum tree height and Rangas population had maximum tree girth. The maximum fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit weight, stone length, stone breadth, pulp weight, pulp thickness, seedling height, shoot length and leaf area was recorded in Rangas population. While, collar diameter and leaf number were recorded maximum in Khaggal population. Germination percent i.e., desirable trait in tree breeding was recorded maximum for Rangas population in Hamirpur district. PC 1 showed highest fruit, stone and pulp characteristics accounting for 62.82 % followed by PC2 and PC 3. PC 1 showed highest variation for seedling trait accounting for 82.93 %. In cluster analysis, cluster V, VI and VII contains maximum value for genotypes with the desirable characters. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis suggested a population-based tendency of grouping in genotype for scientific study of germplasm. Overall, the populations of Rangas (Hamirpur), Khaggal (Hamirpur) and Kathal (Kangra) were found best suitable as seed sources of P. emblica.ThesisItem Open Access PHENOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF Salix tetrasperma Roxb(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-07-14) GAURI MAHAJAN; JAI PAL SHARMAABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Phenological behaviour and reproductive biology of Salix tetrasperma Roxb.” was carried out in the experimental field as well as in the laboratory of the department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2021-23. Phenological and reproductive study conducted in the experimental field and laboratory revealed that significant variation was observed among the genotypes as well as the site of collection of Salix tetrasperma for both vegetative and reproductive characters. Maximum duration for vegetative bud swell in spring 2022, vegetative bud burst in spring 2023, reproductive bud swell, reproductive bud burst was recorded in CH1 (29.00 days), BN6 (16.00 days), CN3 (37.00 days) and JA4 (25.67 days), respectively. Maximum duration for 50 per cent and complete leaf shedding was recorded in genotype RN3 (42 days and 78.67 days, respectively). The maximum number of leafy days (348.33) was found in RN3 whereas minimum was found in genotype DE5 (292.00). Maximum duration for flowering per branch was recorded in the genotype RN3 (14.33 days) while minimum was recorded in CW2 (5.33 days). Maximum pollen viability was recorded for genotype RN1 (96.43 %) whereas minimum was recorded in TD3 (83.30 %). Maximum pollen germination percentage (75.59 %) was recorded for site Rupnagar whereas minimum (66.28 %) recorded in site Tandi. Genotypes from Punjab flowered twice a year i.e in the month of October (2022) and February (2023). All the characters showed the negative correlation with the latitude and altitude of the collection site except reproductive bud swell duration, vegetative bud burst in 2023 and vegetative bud swell in spring 2022 with the latitude and reproductive bud burst duration with the altitude of the collection sites which indicates the adaptiveness of these characters towards collection sites.ThesisItem Open Access SEED SOURCE VARIATION IN TREE MORPHOLOGY AND OIL QUALITY OF Prunus armeniaca L.(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-09-19) SWATI; HP SANKHYANABSTRACT The present study entitled “Seed source variation in tree morphology and oil quality of Prunus armeniaca L.” aimed to assess the variation in genotypes of wild apricot for different morphological traits and oil quality attributes along the altitudinal gradient. A total of 45 healthy and phenotypically superior genotypes of wild apricot were selected from nine sites in Kinnaur District and Spiti Valley of Himachal Pradesh during the years 2021-2023. The findings of the study revealed that significant variations were observed for morphological traits, fruit characters and oil parameters among genotypes, sites and altitudinal zones. Site-wise analysis of pooled data showed that S1(Nichar) was accounted for as having maximum values for leaf width, leaf area, petiole length and stone weight (for stone weight value was at par with S5). S2 (Katgaon) was recorded to have the highest pulp-stone ratio and volume of fruit traits. S3 (Chagaon) was noted to have the maximum values for leaf length, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit eight, pulp weight, and specific gravity. S4 (Kanai) had the largest flower size. S6 (Pooh) was identified to have the greatest values for kernel length and kernel breadth. S7 (Chango) had maximum100 kernel weight and was on par with S6 for kernel breadth. 100 seed (stone) was observed maximum at S8 (Poh). Among the three zones A1(2000-2500 m) was found best for traits like leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, petiole length, fruit length, fruit breadth, fruit weight, pulp weight, stone weight, pulp: stone, volume and 100 kernel weight whereas A2 (2500–3000 m) had maximum values for flower size (flower length and flower breadth) and Kernel length. A3 (3000–3500 m) exhibited higher values for Specific gravity of fruits, 100 seed (stone) weight, and kernel breadth. The highest mean values for oil content percentage, Specific gravity, and Refractive index were recorded in Altitudinal zones A3 (45.60%), A2 and A3 (0.914667) and A2 (1.4726) respectively. Altitudinal zone A3 was observed to have maximum values for all the chemical characteristics of oil, i.e., Acid value (2.54), Saponification value (190.80), and unsaponifiable matter (0.80%). Further, these superior genotypes could be used to raise progenies with desired attributes and deoiled cakes for cow feed, potentially creating new opportunities in the industry and increasing a farmer's or grower's total revenue.ThesisItem Open Access REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF Prunus cerasoides D. Don(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-09-23) SUGANDHI CHAUHAN; JAI PAL SHARMAABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Reproductive biology of Prunus cerasoides D. Don” was carried out at two sites i.e., Daro (S1) and Nauni (S2) located in district Sirmour and Solan during the year 2022 and 2023 and the vegetative propagation of Prunus cerasoides D. Don was conducted at the experimental field of department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, College of Forestry, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during the year 2023. The earlier phenological and floral biology parameters including vegetative and reproductive characters were observed at site Nauni than site Daro. Days counted at site Daro to complete all the vegetative and reproductive characters were more than the site Nauni. The flower buds were observed and categorized into the seven distinct stages on the basis of their size during the period of their development, similarly, leaves were observed and categorized into seven distinct stages on the basis of their length and width. The leaves of site Daro were shorter in length and width than site Nauni in observed leaf development stages, whereas, the petiole length was more at site Daro than Nauni. The floral buds of site Daro were more in length at all the observed floral bud development stages than site Nauni. The anthesis was observed between 6.00 am to 6.00 pm and the peak anthesis was recorded between 12:00 noon to 2:00 pm at both the sites. The stem cuttings planted during the winter month showed an encouraging sprouting per cent but could not be supported by sufficient rooting, whereas, the stem cuttings planted under shade net had better survival per cent than inside the glass house conditions.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF MALABAR NEEM (Melia dubia Cav.) FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL(UHF,NAUNI, 2023-02) ANKUSH KUMAR; SHARMA, DUSHYANT KUMARABSTRACT The present study entitled “Evaluation of Malabar Neem (Melia dubia Cav.) for phytoremediation potential” was carried out under the department of Tree Improvement & Genetic Resources of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2021-22. To examine the effects of different doses of Cadmium (Cd) on growth parameters and uptake of Cd by different varieties of Melia dubia Cav. six doses of Cd (Control, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/ kg) were applied to all the experimental varieties. Nine months old seedlings of experimental varieties of M. dubia were transplanted from polybags to plastic pots having capacity of 7 kg, then the plants of experimental varieties were exposed to different Cd treatments for 6 months. From the present study it was concluded that all the growth parameters viz., shoot length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, collar diameter, leaf area and number of leaves/ plant decreased with an increase in Cd concentration. The data generated through this study shows that the accumulation of Cd in plant parts was in order roots > shoots > leaves in all the experimental varieties. The maximum average value for shoot length was found in the Kshitiz variety (102.66 cm) and for root length and collar diameter the maximum average value was observed in variety Ritu (11.83 cm) and Dev (6.27 mm), respectively. The average number of leaves were found maximum in the variety Dev (144.11). The average maximum and minimum leaf areas were found in variety Kartik (97.29cm2) and Kshitiz (68.71cm2), respectively. The average Cd concentration was found maximum in roots of the variety Dev (26.33 mg/pot-1). Maximum accumulation of Cd in leaves was found in the Ritu variety (3.80 mg/pot- 1) whereas, the average Cd accumulation in shoots was found maximum in the Kshitiz variety. Variety Dev expressed itself as a potential Cd accumulator followed by variety Kshitiz. Both these varieties can be considered as the good candidate for phytoremediation of soil polluted with CadmiumThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON VARIATIONS IN SEED AND SEEDLING CHARACTERISTICS OF MALABAR NEEM (Melia dubia Cav.)(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-11) KALSI, DEEKSHA; SHARMA, DUSHYANT KUMARABSTRACT The present study was carried out to evaluate the variations in seed and seedling characteristics among five varieties of Melia dubia Cav. namely, Kshitiz, Megha, Kartik, Dev and Ritu at College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri Hamirpur (H.P). These varieties were procured from Forest Research Institute, Dehradun. Six months old seedlings were observed and analyzed for growth and genetic parameters. Significant difference was found among all the varieties with respect to stones, seeds and nursery growth parameters. Megha (V2) and Kshitiz (V1) showed outstanding performance for growth and biomass characters. Variety Megha (V2) showed predominance in stone, seed and root characters whereas Kshitiz (V1) recorded maximum values for seedling height and collar diameter. All the parameters exhibited phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). Heritability value was recorded high to moderate for all the traits. High heritability with high genetic gain recorded for 100 stone weight and root projected area showed the predominance of additive gene in controlling the expression of these traits. In correlation coefficient studies significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation was observed for majority of the characters. Magnitude of genotypic correlation coefficient was found higher than phenotypic correlation coefficient. The findings of present study revealed that the selection of suitable varieties based on their growth performance will further help in tree improvement programs.ThesisItem Open Access DUS CHARACTERIZATION OF WILLOW (Salix spp.) HYBRID(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-10) ANCHAL; SHARMA, JAI PALABSTRACT The study entitled “DUS characterization of willow (Salix spp.) hybrids” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2021-22. The experiment was laid out in a RBD with three replications and data was recorded for leaf, stem, branch and stipule traits to characterize the forty-nine willow clones out of which 33 were hybrids developed by university whereas others were introduced species/clones and local germplasm as per the DUS guideline developed by PPV & FRA, New Delhi and to assess the genetic diversity of mentioned clones using ISSR markers. The significant variations for all the quantitative parameters were observed among the willow clones. The plant height and basal diameter were found superior in clone J799. Clone J194, UHFS141, UHFS391, UHFS222, UHFS241 and UHFSP1 were found superior with respect to internodal length, maximum number of lenticels, number of branches, branch angle, stipule length and stipule teeth. The best clone was found to be PN731 for stipule width, midrib length, number of teeth per centimeter on leaf margins, ratio of midrib length to maximum leaf width, and total leaf length. Stipule type, maximum leaf width position, leaf base shape, branch attitude, stem attitude, bud hairiness, stem hairiness, stipule hairiness, leaf upper and lower side hairiness showed wide range of variation among the studied willow clones. High to low type of heritability, genetic advance and genetic gain were found for number of teeth/cm on leaf margins, plant height and stipule width respectively concluded that these traits can be studied and exploited through various breeding programs for developing advanced generations through selection. Total leaf length was highly significant and positively correlated with midrib length. Principal component analysis extracted 79.10 per cent of the total variance in five components. As per the cluster analysis, 49 clones grouped into two main clusters based on Ward’s method, separating FLS, PN731, UHFSP1, UHFS353 and UHFS370 from others. There were fortynine willow clones which were tested for their genetic diversity using twenty ISSR markers out of which eighteen gave results and showed 88.08 per cent polymorphism. Dendrogram generated from eighteen ISSR divided whole population of 49 willow clones into two main clusters. The findings of the study revealed that the wide variability/diversity further helps in selection, hybridization and utilization of the clones for various breeding and tree improvement programs.ThesisItem Unknown STABILITY ANALYSIS OF WILLOW (Salix spp.) HYBRIDS(UHF,NAUNI, 2022-10) TUSHAL; SHARMA, JAI PALABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Stability Analysis of Willow (Salix spp.) Hybrids” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during 2021-2022. Twenty-five clones with four replications were selected in three site viz., Bathaudhar (Site 1), Shamoga (Site 2) and Denali (Site 3), to study G × E interactions, the data obtained were analyzed using RBD (randomised block design). The stability parameters were estimated using four models i.e. Eberhart and Russell model, AMMI (the Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction), GGE (Genotype main effects and Genotype × Environment interaction effects) biplot, MTSI (Multitrait Stability Index). Results revealed that the clones of site Shamoga and Denali showed better performance for all the traits viz., plant height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, volume index, clear bole height, number of primary branches, branch angle, number of nodes and internodal length as compared to clones of the site Bathaudhar. Results for stability parameters using Eberhart and Russell model revealed that the clone J799 was more stable for traits plant height, basal diameter and number of nodes. Whereas UHFS296 was found more stable for characters clear bole height and branch angle. Clones J795, 131/25, Kashmiri and UHFS221 were found most stable for diameter at breast height, volume index, number of primary branches and internodal length. Moreover, J799, J194 and 131/25 clones were suitable for all the three environments i.e. rich, poor and average. Using AMMI model the IPCA value obtained between 58.50% to 81.10% where the highest IPCA was recorded for volume index and the lowest was recorded for internodal length. The AMMI 1 biplot indicated that J799 was the best-performing clone in terms of plant height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, volume index, number of main branches, and nodes, whereas clones 131/25 and UHFS296 performed better in terms of basal diameter and internodal length. Employing AMMI 2 biplots, similar growth-performing clones were obtained for J799, 131/25, J795, UHFS119, UHFS144, UHFS180/5, UHFS222, UHFS296 and UHFS340. The discriminativeness vs. representativeness function of GGE revealed that environment 3 (Denali) was more discriminative and representative for plant height, basal diameter, diameter at breast height, volume index, branch angle, number of nodes. Whereas for number of primary branches and internodal length environment 3 (Denali) was found discriminative but environment 2 (Shamoga) found representative, and for clear bole height environment 2 (Shamoga) was found discriminative as well as representative While using mean vs. stability function of GGE J799, 131/25, Kashmiri, J795 and NZ1140 were found better performing as well as more stable for all the traits. The selected genotypes based on MTSI were J799 (1.45), 131/25 (2.83), Kashmiri (2.84) and NZ1140 (3.50) as their index were equal to less than 3.50. High heritability was observed for internodal length i.e. 93.01 per cent in site 2 (Shamoga) and maximum genetic gain was estimated for volume index i.e. 177.80 per cent in site 3 (Denali). The finding of present study is useful in the selection of stable genotypes for the commercial plantation in various types of geographical regions
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