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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2015 - 201925
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Subject: Soil Science and Water Management × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2013 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT STUDIES IN ONION
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-12) NEGI, MANISHA; SHARMA, J C
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Integrated nutrient management studies in onion” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during rabi season of 2017-18 and 2018-19. Different combinations of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients were tried in the form of nine treatments viz. T1 (Absolute control), T2 (RD of FYM + NPK), T3 (5 % Jeevamrut), T4 (RD of FYM + NPK through FYM), T5 (RD of FYM + 5 % Jeevamrut), T6 (VC + RD of NPK through FYM), T7 (VC + 5 % Jeevamrut), T8 (50 % FYM + 50 % VC + RD of NPK through FYM) and T9 (50 % FYM + 50 % VC + 5 % Jeevamrut) in a plot of 2.25 × 1.20 m2 dimension. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design (RBD) with three replications involving a spacing of 15 × 10 cm. The seedlings of onion cv. Nasik Red were planted on 27th November during 2017 and 1st November during 2018. The results revealed significantly highest post harvest fertility status of macronutrients (NPK) (386, 156.6 and 384.1 kg ha-1, respectively) and their uptake (122.5, 16.7 and 67.4 kg ha-1, respectively) was recorded under recommended INM practice i.e. 125 N: 75 P: 60 K kg ha-1 + FYM @ 250 q ha-1 (T2). The close scrutiny of purely organic module T6 (VC - equivalent to N content of recommended FYM + RD of NPK through FYM on N equivalent basis) showed it next best in values with respect to available NPK and their uptake. Similarly, significantly highest bulb and biological yield (295.5 and 441.9 q ha-1, respectively) and yield contributing component i.e. bulb size (19 cm²) as well as net income (4,74,812 ` ha-1) with a relatively higher B:C ratio (4.1:1) was recorded under recommended INM practice (T2). It was closely followed by purely organic module T4 (RD of FYM + RD of NPK through FYM on N equivalent basis) with regards to bulb and biological yield, yield contributing component, net income and B:C ratio. The plots fertilized with RD of FYM + RD of NPK through FYM on N equivalent basis has recorded only 13.6 per cent less bulb yield in comparison with recommended INM practice (T2). Therefore, the purely organic modules T4 (RD of FYM + RD of NPK through FYM on N equivalent basis) and T6 (VC - equivalent to N content of recommended FYM + RD of NPK through FYM on N equivalent basis) with on farm production of VC can be suggested for organic cultivation of onion.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EF F ECT OF NITROGENOU S F ERTIL IZERS ON ORG ANIC MATTER F RACTION S AND SOIL QUALITY UN DER APPL E cv. Van ce De lic iou s
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-11) THAKUR, ONKAR; SHARMA, UADAY
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of nitrogenous fertilizers on organic matter fractions and soil quality under apple cv. Vance Delicious” was conducted at Regional Horticultural Research and Training Station, Bajaura, Seobag (HP) during 2018-2019. There were 14 treatments comprising of different fertilizers and their combinations, replicated thrice in a Randomised Block Design under field conditions. Treatment details were as follows: T1 (control), T2 (urea), T3 (calcium nitrate), T4 (calcium cyanamide), T5 (urea + liming in October)), T6 (urea + liming in March), T7 (12:32:16 + urea), T8 (12:32:16 + calcium nitrate), T9 (12:32:16 + calcium cyanamide), T10 (15:15:15 + urea), T11 (15:15:15 + calcium nitrate), T12 (15:15:15 + calcium cyanamide), T13 (50% urea through soil application + 50% through foliar application and T14 calcium nitrate + urea + liming. Different nitrogenous fertilizers were applied on N equivalence basis as perthe standard recommendations. Soil sampling after two years of continuous application was done at two depths viz., 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm. The lowest value for bulk density for 0-15 cm depth was recorded in T14 (1.01 g cm-3), while that for the 15-30 depth cm was found under thesame treatment i.e. T14 (1.09 g cm-3). The maximum particle density for 0-15 cm depth (2.64 g cm-3) and porosity (61.25%) were also recorded with T14 comprising of the application of calcium nitrate + urea + liming. The soil pH for 0-15 cm depth was recorded minimum with the application of T8, whereas, for 15-30 cm depth it was recorded minimum with T10. The highest organic carbon for the upper depth was recorded under treatment T7 (15.93 g kg-1), while for the 15-30 cm depth the highest organic carbon content was recorded under treatment T8 (14.40 g kg-1). The maximum labile carbon content for the 0-15 cm soil depth was found under the application of treatment T13 with a value of 0.44 g kg-1, whereas, for the 15-30 cm soil depth the maximum labile carbon content was observed under the application of treatment T3 (0.32 g kg-1). Maximum N (386.77 kg ha-1) and P (88.11 kg ha-1) were observed under T6, while K was maximum (538.35 kg ha-1) was under T14. The highest total microbial count for 0-15 cm soil depth and 15-30 cm soil depth was recorded with the application of same treatment i.e. T14with the values of 139.75 × 105 cfu g-1 soil and 128.41 × 105 cfu g-1 soil, respectively. The highest value of microbial biomass carbon for the 0-15 cm and for 15-30 cm were also observed maximum under the same treatment i.e. T6 with values of 801.85 µg g-1 soil and 674.99 µg g-1 soil, respectively. The highest value of dehydrogenase enzyme activity for the 0-15 cm soil depth was observed under the T6 (58.40 µg TPF g-1 soil 24 hr-1), whereas, for the 15-30 cm soil depth the highest value of dehydrogenase enzyme activity was observed under T12 (47.67 µg TPF g-1 soil 24 hr-1). The light fraction organic matter (399.35 g C kg-1) and particulate organic matter (49.03 g kg-1) were recorded maximum under treatment T6 for the 0-15 cm soil depth. The fruit yield was found to be maximum (75.32 kg tree-1) was obtained with the treatment T14. The soil quality index was also recorded highest with the application of treatment T6 having a value of 4.260.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF FIRE ON MINERALIZATION OF SOIL ORGANIC MATTER
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-08) VISHVAMITERA, SAKSHI; SHARMA, UDAY
    ABSTRACT The investigation entitled “Effect of fire on mineralization of soil organic matter” was carried out at five sites located at Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during the year 2018-2019, with an aim to determine the effect of fire on nitrogen mineralization, organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon. The comparison of four land uses (viz. Forests, grasslands, scrubland and unburnt chir pine) was made with respect to the studied parameters. A controlled fire was made in all the land uses in March, 2018. Soil samples (0 to 5 cm, 5 -10 cm and 10-15 cm depths)from a plot size of 50m × 50m for each land use at each site, were collected at monthly intervals upto March, 2019. The soils of the area had bulk density varying from 1.11- 1.16 Mg m-3 and pH varying from 5.89-6.13. The available N, P and K varied from 170.2-180.2, 23.9-29.5 and 271.7-321.5 kg ha-1, respectively. The ammonical- N content of 0-5 cm depth in forest soils was higher (105.11 mg kg-1) which increased upto August and thereafter declined. The content also decreased with depth. The nitrate-N of 0-5 cm depth was maximum (65.64 mg kg-1) in the forest land use compared to the minimum in unburnt chir pine site (49.78 mg kg1 ). The nitrate-N content varied with land use in the order Forest > Grassland > Scrubland > Unburnt chir pine site. The net mineralization in the 0-5 cm depth was maximum (30.9 mg kg-1) in forest landuse. The maximum rate of mineralization (0.09 mg N kg-1day-1) was in sub-surface layers of forest and for surface layers of grassland, after the fire. Organic carbon was in the order: grasslands (1.30 per cent) > unburnt site (1.29 per cent > scrubland (1.22 per cent) > forest (1.16 per cent). The soil microbial biomass carbon also varied from 155.5172.9 μg g-1 soil in forest, 131.3-147.1 μg g-1 soil in grassland, 130.4-145.1 μg g-1 soil in scrubland and 174.2-186.4 μg g-1 soil in non- fire site. In general the forest fires ha
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF MULCH ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-02) BAJIA, RAJESH; AGRAWAL, GHANSHYAM
    ABSTRACT The present study entitled “Effect of mulch on soil properties and yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)” was conducted at the research farm of the Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Nauni, Solan during the years 2017 and 2018 with seven treatments viz. T1-BM, T2-SM, T3-TM, T4-MM, T5-GM, T6-PM and T7-NM with three replications in randomized block design with plot size of 4m×2m and spacing 90cm×30cm. Black mulch increased moisture (20.34 and 19.08%) at surface and (21.59 and 18.87 %) at subsurface depths as compared to no mulch in year 2017 and 2018, respectively. The transparent mulch increased maximum and minimum soil temperatures as compared to other treatments at both 15 cm and 30 cm soil depths. The porosity was found the highest (51.74 and 51.15 %) under grass mulch, which was attributed to higher organic carbon contents (20.35 and 18.35 g kg-1) and lower bulk density (1.27 and 1.29 Mg m-3) at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. The plant available water was found significantly maximum (16.45 and 15.63 %) under grass mulch at 0-15 and 15-30 cm soil depths, respectively. The availability of macro-nutrients (N, P and K) in soil was recorded significantly higher under the black polyethylene mulch. The highest plant height (172.2 cm), fruit per plant (28.33), fruit weight (62.2 g), fruit diameter (5.76 cm) and yield (63.6 t ha-1) were observed in T1-BM. The yield under black mulched treatment was 40.08 per cent higher than the control. The maximum water use efficiency (1.85 t ha-1 cm-1) was recorded under T1-BM which was 44.53 per cent higher as compared to no mulch treatment. The maximum net return per hectare 9.46 lakhs with higher B:C ratio (4.58) was found under T1-BM. The study has led to a conclusion that maximizing water use efficiency, yield and net economic returns of tomato in mid hill region of Himachal Pradesh, T1-BM i.e. black polyethylene mulch could be the best.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES, PGPR AND MULCHES ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF APRICOT (Prunus armeniaca L.) cv. NEW CASTLE
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-02) THAKUR, PRIYA; KUMAR, PRADEEP
    ABSTRACT Present investigation entitled “Effect of organic manurs, PGPR and mulches on soil properties and growth of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cv. New Castle” was carried out in the Department of Soil Science & Water Management, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2017 and 2018 with an aim to evaluate the effect of different organic nutrient sources, PGPR and mulches on soil properties, leaf nutrient content, weed incidence and growth parameters of apricot. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications comprising nine treatments viz. T1 (Grass Mulch(GM)+RD FYM+RD NPK through FYM on N equivalence), T2 (GM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence), T3 (GM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence +PGPR), T4 (Black Polythene Mulch (BPM)+RD FYM+RD NPK through FYM on N equivalence), T5 (BPM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence), T6 ((BPM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence +PGPR), T7 (Mulch Mat) MM+RD FYM+RD NPK through FYM on N equivalence), T8 (MM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence), T9 (MM+RD FYM+RD NPK through VC on N equivalence +PGPR). Results revealed that Mulch Mat treatments recorded highest soil moisture followed by Black Plastic Mulch and Grass Mulch. Mulches Mat increased the minimum soil temperature while Black plastic mulch recorded highest maximum temperature. Treatment T9 was found best with significantly maximum soil and leaf NPK content, microbiological properties and almost weeds free conditions in plant basin area. Plant growth parameters (annual shoot growth, tree height, trunk girth and tree spread) were also recorded higher under T9.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF FRENCH BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
    (NAUNI,UHF, 2018) RANA, AKSHAY; SHARMA, UDAY
    ABSTRACT The present study entitled, “Effect of organic nutrient sources on growth, yield and quality ofn French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)” was carried out in the experimental farm of Department of Soil Science and Water management at Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during the year 2018. Ten treatment combinations arranged in a randomized block design comprising three bulky organic manures viz. Farm Yard Manure, Vermicompost and Poultry manure and two liquid organic inputs i.e. Panchgavya and Jeevamrut, replicated thrice. Maximum plant height (38.20 cm) , number of pods per plant (34.77) , pod length (11.93 cm), pod width (1.26 cm) , pod yield per plant (71.67g), pod yield per plot (2.88 kg) and pod weight (2.34 g) were observed under T4 comprising of 90% RDN + Panchgavya @5% + Jeevamrut @5%. Similarly, the maximum shoot N (2.40%), P (0.39 %), and K (3.21 %) were recorded under T4. Maximum root N (2.25%), P (0.31 %), and K (2.96 %) and maximum pod N (2.33%), P (0.33 %), and K (2.97 %) were also recorded under T4. The total uptake of NPK by the plant was significantly increased by the application of various organic inputs. The highest total NP and K uptake of 167.4 ,16.9 and 223.1 kg ha-1, respectively, were recorded with 90% RDN + Panchgavya @5% + Jeevamrut @5%), which were 25.4, 191.3 and 135.1 per cent higher as compared to the control. The highest organic carbon (2.31%), as well as available NPK and DTPA extractable cations (Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn) registered a significant increase by the application of various organic inputs . The maximum total microbial count (146.76 x 105 cfu g-1) , microbial biomass-C (60.5 μg g-1 soil) were recorded under treatment T4 (90% RDN + Panchgavya @5% + Jeevamrut @5%). The soil enzymes were also significantly influenced by the application of various organic inputs. The highest Dehydrogenase (4.9 mg TPF h-1 g-1 soil), Phosphatase (30.0 μmole PNP h-1g-1 soil) and Urease (0.32 mg NH4 ⁺g-1 soil) were recorded in treatment T4 (90% RDN + Panchgavya @5% + Jeevamrut @5%).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF GARLIC (Allium sativum L.)
    (NAUNI, UHF, 2018-12) SAHA, KISHOR KUMAR; SHARMA, J C
    ABSTRACT Present investigation entitled “Effect of different irrigation and nitrogen levels on the growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum L.)” was carried out in the Department of Soil Science & Water Management, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2016- 17 and 2017-18. The study focused on ascertaining the effect of irrigation scheduling and N levels on the growth and yield of garlic, soil and plant nutrient contents and their uptake, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), water use efficiency (WUE) and water requirement (WR). Twelve treatment combinations comprising four irrigation schedules i.e. control (I0), 4 cm irrigation at IW/CPE ratio 0.8 (I1), 1.0 (I2), 1.2 (I3) and three N levels i.e. control (N0), 75 (N1) and 100 (N2) % recommended dose of nitrogen, were replicated thrice in RBD (Factorial) in a plot size of 3 m × 2 m and at spacing of 20 cm × 10 cm. Irrigation schedule I3 increased soil moisture, plant growth, nutrients status in soil and their uptake and NUE and consequently the growth and yield of garlic over other irrigation schedules. Irrigation schedule I3 recorded higher consumptive use of water (38.23 cm) with 47.61 cm of total water requirement. Since the bulb yield under I3 (136.0 q ha-1) differed significantly than other irrigation schedules, hence I3 could be considered as efficient schedule for irrigating garlic. Among N levels, N2 was found to be best and recorded comparatively higher growth and yield of garlic. Treatment combination I3N2 recorded higher bulb yield and showed an increase of 64.5 per cent over I0N0. Based on B:C ratio, treatment combination I3N2 was found to be most economical with B:C ratio (3.6:1). The study had further lead to a conclusion that I3N2 could be considered as most appropriate treatment combination for obtaining higher growth and yield of garlic crop with optimum utilization of irrigation water and N.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    WATER REQUIREMENT OF CAULIFLOWER (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
    (UHF, NAUNI, 2018-10) KASHYAP, NITISH; AGRAWAL, GHANSHYAM
    ABSTRACT The present study entitled “Water requirement of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) under drip irrigation system” was conducted at research farm of the Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Nauni, Solan during year 2016 with 8 treatment combinations comprising three levels of drip irrigation viz. I1 (100% ETc), I2 (80% ETc) and I3 (60% ETc) and I4 (surface irrigation with 5 cm of irrigation water); and two levels of mulch i.e. M1 (black plastic mulch) and M0 (without mulch) with four replications in randomized block design (factorial) with plot size of 2.5 × 1.8 m and spacing of 60×45 cm. The treatment I1M1 recorded significantly higher moisture content before and after irrigation than other treatments for both 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil depths. The minimum and maximum average soil temperatures were found to be highest in I3M1 than other treatments at 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm soil depths. The maximum values of soil N, P and K was found in I1MI treatment combination than other treatments. The maximum leaf, curd nutrient contents and nutrient uptake were also found in I1MI treatment. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium use efficiency was found to be highest in I3M1 treatment combination. The plant growth parameters viz. maximum number of leaves (14.9) was found in I2M1 treatment combination and maximum stalk length (12.8 cm) was in I3M1 treatment combination. The gross weight (1.17 Kg plant-1), curd weight (783.30 g plant-1) and curd yield (261.1 q ha-1) were found to be highest in I3M1 treatment combination. Hence, I3 irrigation level could be considered as efficient irrigation level with mulch conditions. It reveals that the minimum depth (13.13 cm) of water is required for the maximizing yield in I3M1 than other treatment combinations. The maximum water use efficiency (19.9 q ha-1cm-1) and B:C ratio (3.28) was to be found in I3M1. The study has led to a conclusion that for maximizing growth and yield of cauliflower in mid hill region of Himachal Pradesh, irrigation schedule I3 (60% ETC) with M1 (black plastic mulch) i.e. I3M1 could be the best.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF NPK LEVELS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHINA ASTER (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. KAMINI
    (UHF, NAUNI, 2018-11) CHAUDHARY, SHIKHA; VERMA, M L
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of NPK levels on growth and yield of China aster (Callistephus chinensis L. Nees) cv. Kamini” was conducted at the research farm of the Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Nauni, Solan during the year 2017 and 2018 with seven treatments comprising of T1 – without fertilizers application – (Control), T2 – 25% recommended dose of NPK, T3 – 50% recommended dose of NPK, T4 – 75% recommended dose of NPK, T5 – 100% recommended dose of NPK and T6 – 125% recommended dose of NPK and T7 -150% recommended dose of NPK with four replications in a randomized block design. The study was executed to investigate the effect of different N, P and K levels on growth and yield of China aster. Conjoint use of different N, P and K levels significantly increased the soil nutrient status, growth and yield attributes of China aster crop. Treatment T7 recorded maximum soil available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content. Fresh weight of individual flower (6.08 g), flower diameter (7.54 cm), number of flowers per plant (36.51) and flower yield (15.96 t ha-1) was found maximum under treatment T7. Also, treatment T7 recorded highest dry matter yield of plant parts, nutrient contents and uptake of N (164.88 kg ha-1), P (24.56 kg ha-1) and K (75.74 kg ha-1, respectively). Whereas, the minimum values for these parameters was found under treatment (T1) where no fertilizers were applied.