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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access PRODUCTIVITY OF GINGER CROP (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) IN RESPONSE TO APPLICATION OF MULCH UNDER BAMBOO BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-11) SHARMA, UMESH; BHARDWAJ, D RABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Productivity of ginger crop (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) in response to application of mulch under bamboo based agroforestry system” was carried out at the experimental field of Department of Silviculture & Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H. P.) during 2019-2020. The study was undertaken with the three objectives (a) to study the effect of bamboo species and mulch material on ginger growth and yield behavior. (b) to study the impact of bamboo species and mulch material on soil physicochemical characteristics. (c) to work out the cost-benefit analysis of ginger cultivation under bamboobased agroforestry system. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design comprising of two bamboo species viz., Dendrocalamus asper and D. balcooa and sole cropping, under which ginger crop was grown with 7 treatments viz., T1 (Toona ciliata + FYM + RDF), T2 (Artemisia vulgaris + FYM + RDF), T3 (Ulmus villosa + FYM + RDF), T4 (Celtis australis + FYM + RDF), T5 (Pinus roxburghii + FYM + RDF), T6 (FYM + RDF), T7 (Control). Treatment T1 showed best results in most of the growth and yield attributes of ginger crop viz., Rhizome sprouting (%), Number of tillers per plant, Number of rhizomes per plant, Rhizome length (cm), Rhizome fresh weight (g), Yield (q ha-1), Oleoresin content (%). D. asper displayed better results for yield traits for ginger when compared to D. balcooa and sole cropping. Various soil physico-chemical properties like pH, OC and available N showed maximum value in T3 (Almus villosa + FYM +RDF). However, available P was reported maximum value in T1 (Toona ciliata + FYM + RDF) and available K was in T4 (Celtis australis + FYM + RDF). Further, soil moisture content (%) reported higher value under D. balcooa. LTR (%) recorded during the investigation period, reduced by 40% under bamboo canopy. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that ginger can perform better under bamboo based agroforestry system than sole crop system and application of Toona ciliata + FYM + RDF can enhance growth and yield traits of ginger significantly over control. The mulch of species like Toona ciliata, Artemisia vulgaris and Pinus roxburghii can be used for enhancing the fertility status and returns fromginger cultivation.ThesisItem Open Access NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT Quercus SPECIES IN TEMPERATE REGIONS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-11) VERMA, ANKUSH; BISHIST, ROHITABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Nutritional evaluation of different Quercus species in temperate regions of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out at different locations of Shimla and Kinnaur district and nutrient analysis was done in the laboratory of Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Distt. Solan, Himachal Pradesh during 2019-2020 with the objectives to study the seasonal variation in the nutritive value of different Quercus species and to study the farmers’ preference rating of fodder tress species.From each location leaf samples were collected at 3 months interval from each Quercus spp. To study the farmers preference rating of fodder tree species, a semi structured open questionnaire and the information on farmers preference of fodder trees was collected from a total of 125 respondents (25 in each location) in specific locations of district Shimla and Kinnaur and rating was done on the basis of five parameters, i.e. Palatability, growth rate, beneficial effects, ease of propagation and leaf biomass. The findings of the present study revealed that the nutritional traits of leaves of different Quercus species varied among different seasons throughout the year. The dry matter (61.12 to 64.99%), ether extract (4.07 to 4.42%), crude fibre (34.38 to 37.85%), neutral detergent fibre (57.70 to 61.54%), acid detergent fibre (44.64 to 48.51%), total ash (3.57 to 3.91%), acid insoluble ash (44.64 to 48.51%) and calcium (1.31 to 1.53%) increased with the maturity in the leaves of different Quercus species. While, crude protein (9.10 to 10.61%), nitrogen free extract (44.73 to 47.41%), organic matter (96.09 to 96.43%), and phosphorus (0.16 to 0.31%) decreased with the advancing maturity in the leaves of different Quercus species. Maximum mean values for dry matter (65.05%), ether extract (4.45%), crude fibre (40.82%), neutral detergent fibre (61.48%), acid detergent fibre (48.44%), and organic matter (96.67%) among different Quercus species were recorded in Quercus ilex, while, Maximum mean values for crude protein (10.54%), nitrogen free extract (50.53%), total ash (4.05%), acid insoluble ash (0.59%), calcium (1.61%) and phosphorus (0.40%) were recorded inQuercusleucotrichophora. Framers in Shimla district rated Grewia optiva highest for palatability (3.87), growth rate (2.78) and beneficial effects (3.61). Robinia pseudoacacia was rated as best propagating species (2.79). Maximum leaf biomass yield (3.33) was reported in Q. semecarpifiolia. In district Kinnaur, Fraxinus xanthoxyloides was the most palatable fodder tree species (3.75), Populus spp.(3.10)was the fastest growing species, Morus alba (3.33) was the most beneficial species, likewise best propagating species in Kinnaur district was Salix spp (3.08) and Q .leucotrichophora (2.92) had the highest leaf biomass. According to the farmers and animal rearers, Grewia optiva and Morus alba were rated as the best performing fodder tree species in Shimla and Kinnaur districts with the overall score of 2.98 and 2.80, respectively.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF TREE LOPPING AND ORGANIC MANURES ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF Phaseolus vulgaris UNDER Morus BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-10) SAAKSHI; THAKUR, C LABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of tree lopping and organic manures on the growth and yield performance of Phaseolus vulgaris under Morus based Agroforestry system” was carried out in the experimental farm of Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during year 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in split plot design. The study was aimed at exploring the possibilities of successful cultivation of Phaseolus vulgaris as intercrop under Morus, along with the use of different doses of organic manures. The experiment comprised of four treatment of tree lopping intensities (0%, 25%, 50% and 75%) and five manure doses treatments (S1-FYM, S2-Jeevamruth 5%, S3-Jeevamruth 10%, S4-RDF + FYM, S0-No Manures. The main aim of the present study was to determine the best treatment of lopping intensity and organic manure under agroforestry system which is economically viable. The results revealed that Phaseolus vulgaris can be grown successfully under agroforestry system when 75% lopping intensity was adopted along with the application of appropriate rate of combined dose of RDF and FYM. It was not only found beneficial for enhancing the productivity of the vegetable crop, but also proved to be economically more viable as compared to the application of other treatments. S4 i.e. application of recommended doses of fertilizer and Farm yard manure was found to be the best treatment for Phaseolus vulgaris, under agroforestry system. Among the tree lopping intensities, 75% was economically superior, because the yield reduction of crop was minimal under this lopping intensity and also it yielded maximum leaf fodder. Different doses of chemical fertilizers and organic manures are found to have influence on soil. Soil properties in terms of available N, P and K were found to be higher under S4 (RDF + FYM). However, pH, EC, organic carbon and microbial count was reported maximum in S1 (FYM). So, Phaseolus vulgaris can be successfully grown at 75% lopping intensity, with the use of combined dose of RDF and FYM. Integrating vegetable crops with Morus alba offers an excellent opportunity for diversification and high income generation than the monoculture, apart from providing several other ecological and environmental benefits. The study will also open new vistas for the research to evaluate the performance of vegetable crops under tree canopy.ThesisItem Open Access REGENERATION STATUS OF Anogeissus latifolia Wall ex Bedd. IN KUNIHAR FOREST DIVISION, H.P.(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-10) SAURABH KUMAR; PRABHAKAR, MUKESHABSTRACT The present survey entitled “Regeneration status of Anogeissus latifolia Wall ex Bedd. in Kunihar Forest Division, H.P.” was carried out during the year 2018-2020 with the aim to study the floristic composition, phytosociology, regeneration and soil physico-chemical properties at different elevations and aspects in Kunihar Forest Division (Solan), H.P. The study area was divided into three elevation zones, lower (E1) = 600-800 m, middle (E2) = 800-1000 m and upper elevations (E3) = 1000-1200 m in northern and southern aspects. Structural and functional parameters of trees, shrubs and herbaceous vegetation in each elevation and aspect were studies by laying down four sample plots 0.1 ha for trees, one sub plot of 5 x 5 m2 and a quadrate of 1 x 1 m2 were marked to study shrubs and herbs characteristics in each sample plot respectively. Composition, density (indi. ha-1), basal area (m2 ha-1) of different vegetation layer of tree, shrub and herbs layers were analyzed. The data were analyzed by using factorial randomized block design. The study area constituted of 112 plant species. Maximum total density and basal area of trees were present at lower elevation on southern aspect which showed a decreasing pattern with elevation. Shrubs and herbaceous vegetation had highest total density and basal area on southern and northern aspects, respectively and showed an increasing trend with elevation. In the study area, Anogeissus latifolia was the most dominating tree species on all elevations and aspects except on northern aspect at upper elevation where Pinus roxburghii was dominant. The regeneration study was conducted to know the regeneration status of Anogeissus latifolia, indicating maximum regeneration success (43.75%) at lower elevation on southern aspect and showed a decreasing trend with increase in elevation. Soil organic carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus were higher on northern aspect and showed an increasing pattern with elevation. Available potassium and electrical conductivity were higher on northern aspect while bulk density and pH were higher on southern aspect and showed a decreasing trend with elevation.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF Eclipta prostrata L. UNDER GREWIA BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-10) JATIN KUMAR; THAKUR, C LABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of Eclipta prostrata L. under based Agroforestry System” was carried out in the experimental farm of Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during year 2019-20. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (factorial). The investigations were conducted with a view to ascertain the effects of 10 different nutrient sources [T1 : 100% FYM (Farm Yard Manure), T2 : 100% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizer), T3 : 100% Vermicompost, T4 : Jeevamrut @ 5%, T5 : 25% NPK + 75% FYM, T6 : 50% NPK + 50% FYM, T7 : 75% NPK + 25% FYM, T8 : 50% NPK + 50% Vermicompost, T9 : 75% NPK + 25% Vermicompost and T10 : Control (No Fertilizer)] and planting conditions (P1 : Under tree canopy and P2 : Open condition) on the growth and yield of Eclipta prostrata (Bhringraj) and physico-chemical properties of the soil. All the nutrient sources had significant effect on the growth and yield attributes of Bhringraj. Most of the growth parameters viz., plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, number of flower heads per plant, leaf area, Leaf Area Index, collar diameter, root length, number of secondary roots, root surface area and root thickness and all the yield parameters viz., fresh weight of shoot and leaves, dry weight of shoot and leaves, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots and total fresh and dry weight of plants attained their maximum values in T8 i.e. 50 % RDF + 50 % Vermicompost. However, time taken for 50 % flowering and for reaching full bloom stage was found maximum in T10 i.e. Control. Planting conditions also had a significant influence on growth and yield parameters of Bhringraj. All the growth and yield parameters were found to be maximum under the tree canopy (P1). However, the maximum number of days taken for 50 % flowering and for reaching full bloom stage were observed in open condition (P2). Soil physico-chemical properties also improved after the crop harvesting in both the planting conditions but, the improvement was more enhanced under the tree canopy. There was increase in soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, soil EC and soil organic carbon. However, soil pH and bulk density followed reverse trend with a slight decrease in their values under the tree canopy. From the present investigation, it can be concluded that treatment T8 i.e. 50 % NPK + 50 % Vermicompost under tree canopy gave the best results of growth and yield attributes of Bhringraj as well as soil physico-chemical properties. Therefore, Eclipta prostrata L. being a partial shade tolerant plant species can be recommended to the farmers to be grown as an intercrop under Grewia based agroforestry system.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENTS AND GROWING MEDIA ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BAHERA (Terminalia bellirica Roxb.)(NAUNI,UHF, 2020-09) SHILPA; CHAUHAN, VIMALABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of pre-sowing seed treatments and growing media on germination and growth performance of Bahera (Terminalia bellirica Roxb.)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Silvilculture and Agroforestry, Dr Y.S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2019-2020. The experiment was laid under polyhouse condition in complete randomized design (CRD factorial) with three replications. Bahera (Terminalia bellirica Roxb.) belongs to the family combretaceae and its different parts have been used for various purposes but due to the presence of thick fleshy pulp of fruits, hard seed coat and inappropriate use of forest products due to population pressure results in poor natural regeneration and low availability of bahera quality seeds. Therefore, the objectives of present study were to determine the most suitable pre-sowing seed treatment, root container and growing media for better seed germination, seedling vigour, growth and also for the production of better seedling biomass of bahera. The seeds were subjected to seven pre-sowing seed treatments (T) and the pretreated seeds were sown in two types of root containers (C) filled with four growing media (M) composed of soil, sand, FYM and vermicompost. From the present study it is evident that the significantly maximum germination percent (70.67 %), germination value (4.55), germination energy (56.00 %) and the minimum germination period of 32.33 days were obtained when the seeds were treated with T3treatment(seeds soaked in beejamrutha for 4 weeks) and sown in C1(polybags) filled with M3growing mediacomposed of soil + sand + FYM (1:1:1) i.e. T3C1M3 treatment combination. Similarly, maximum seedling height (34.00 cm), collar diameter (8.03 mm), number of leaves (17.67), leaf area (46.58 cm2), vigour index (5350), root length (41.70 cm) and root thickness (9.50 mm) were obtained when seedlings were grown in T3C1M3 treatment combination where as, the maximum number of secondary roots (38.00) were observed when the seedlings were grown from the pre- treated seeds with T3 treatment and grown in C1 (polybags) filled with M4 growing media composed of soil + sand + vermicompost (1:1:1) i.e. T3C1M4 treatment combination. However, maximum value of dry shoot weight (4.08 gm), dry root weight (3.91 gm), root-shoot ratio (0.96), total dry biomass of seedling (7.99 gm) and the maximum value of quality index (1.52) were obtained for theseedlings grown inT3C1M3treatment combination.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT NUTRIENT SOURCES ON GROWTH PARAMETERS OF FODDER MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) AND ITS EFFECT ON CROSSBRED HEIFERS(UHF,NAUNI, 2020-08) MOHIBULLAH; BISHIT, ROHITThe present investigation entitled “Influence of different nutrient sources on growth paraneters of fodder maize (Zea mays L.) and its effect on crossbred heifers” was conducted at the Dairy farm in Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during the year 2019-20 with the objectives to study the effect of different nutrient sources on growth and yield parameters of maize and to evaluate the effect of feeding maize based diets on growth performance of crossbred heifers. In the present investigation, the impact of two types organic manure i.e. (FYM 20 t ha-1), Jeevamrut (500 liters ha-1) and inorganic fertilizer (60 N Kg ha-1) on performance of fodder maize parameters i.e. plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, stem girth (cm), green fodder yield and dry matter yield (ton per hectare) were observed. After harvesting, the prepared samples were subjected to nutritive analysis and dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), total ash (TA), acid insoluble ash (AIA) and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were recorded. In the feeding trial of 90 days duration the growth parameters i.e. body weight, average daily gain, heart girth, body length and body height (cm) were observed. The results in the present study revealed that the application of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) resulted in better plant growth parameters as compared to application of FYM and Jeevamrut. The application of recommended dose of fertilizer (T3) significantly increased fodder maize plant height (170.03 cm), number of leaves per plant (12.40), leaf length (92.76 cm), leaf width (8.00 cm), stem girth (5.93 cm), green fodder yield (29.20 t ha-1) and dry matter yield (7.99 t ha-1). The nutritional parameters were also better on the application of RDF with CP 8.40%, EE 0.98%, TA 8.08%, AIA 1.09%, NFE 52.38%, dm 27.37%, CF30.15%, NDF 55.37%, ADF 35.29%. In the feeding trial on replacement of concentrate mixture with fodder maize it was observed that the replacement of concentrate mixture with 50 per cent maize fodder resulted in higher average daily gain (472 gm/day), heart girth (10.93 cm), body length (11.06 cm) and body height (11.23 cm) as compared to other treatment groups in a duration of 90 days. The body weight and body parameters were significantly higher in the animals when they were fed on a diet containing 50 per cent maize fodder.ThesisItem Open Access PHENOTYPIC AND FUNCTIONAL TRAITS OF Curcuma longa IN RESPONSE TO NUTRIENT SOURCES AND Populus deltoides TREE SPACINGS(UHF,NAUNI, 2020-09) DASH, UMAKANTA; GUPTA, BHUPENDERABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Phenotypic and functional traits of Curcuma longa in response to nutrient sources and Populus deltoides tree spacings” was carried out at experimental farm of Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during Kharif 2019. The experiment had two P. deltoides tree spacings viz. S1 (6 m × 4 m), S2 (4 m × 4 m) and a control treatment (S0). In these three treatments C. longa crop was grown and eight nutrient sources viz. T1 (control), T2 (100 % RDNF), T3 (75 % RDNF + 25 % RDN through FYM), T4 (50 % RDNF + 50 % RDN through FYM), T5 (25 % RDNF + 75 % RDN through FYM), T6 (100 % RDN through FYM), T7 (100 % RDN through VC), T8 (Jeevamrut @ 10 %) were applied to the crop. The results revealed that P. deltoides tree spacings and nutrient sources effected the growth, yield and quality attributes of C. longa significantly. Growth and quality attributes of Turmeric were better under tree spacing S1 whereas, yield attributes were better under S0. Projected yield of Turmeric was curtailed by 12.79 % and 8.73 % under S2 & S1, respectively as compared to S0. Among different nutrient sources, substitution of 25 % of Nitrogen in RDN through FYM resulted in significantly higher values of growth, yield and quality parameters of C. longa. Poplar trees enhance the soil physico-chemical and biological properties the best. Substitution of Nitrogen in RDN through FYM makes higher availability of nutrients in post-harvest soil under agrisilviculture system and in open (treeless area). B:C ratio was highest (4.86) under treatment T3 accompanied by wider spacing of P. deltoides. Hence, it is concluded that in P. deltoides - C. longa agrisilviculture system espousal of treatment T3 (75 % RDNF + 25 % FYM) in wider spacing of Poplar trees is insinuated as a cost effective nutrient module.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF Myrica esculenta Buch.Ham. UNDER NURSERY CONDITION(UHF,NAUNI, 2020-09) DAS, JYOTIRADITYA; PRABHAKAR, MUKESHABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on germination and growth performance of Myrica esculenta Buch.Ham. under nursery condition” was conducted in nursery of the Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan-173230 (HP) during 2019-2020. Myrica esculenta is a medically important shrub /medium to large tree belong to the family Myricaceae. There is enormous biotic pressure on this species and natural regeneration is poor. It is very hard to propagate Myrica esculenta through root suckers and stem cuttings. A very little information is available concerning the germination of this species. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to examine the interaction effect of different pre-sowing seed treatments, growing media and container types on the germination behaviour and seedling vigour of Myrica esculenta. The harvested seeds were pretreated with various pre-sowing treatments and sown in different containers consisting of various potting mixtures and the study was conducted under nursery conditions. From the present investigation it is concluded that in nursery conditions treatment of seeds with beejamrita for a period of 3 weeks (T5) and subsequently sown in growing media consisting of soil + sand + vermicompost in ratio 1:1:1 (M4) excelled over other treatments and registered maximum germination percent (32.40%), germination value (0.50), germination energy (24.44%) along with minimum germination period (47.00 days) and energy period (36.00 days). Along with that the maximum seedling vigour including the growth, biomass and quality parameters, was recorded in the seeds pretreated with beejamrita for a period of 3 weeks (T5) and subsequently sown in root trainers of size 250 cc (C3) consisting of growing media soil + sand + vermicompost in ratio 1:1:1 (M4).