Thumbnail Image

Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

Browse

Reset filters
Subject: Silviculture and Agroforestry × End date: 2019 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 28
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON IDENTIFICATION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF EXISTING AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN SHIMLADISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-05) SINGH, RANJEET; PANT, K S
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on identification and socio-economic status of existing agroforestry systems in Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh" aimed to study and analyze the socio-economic status of farmers, identification of existing agroforestry systems, estimation of their biological yield, economic returns and to find out technological gaps in the systems was conducted during 2015-2017 at Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh. District was divided into five altitudinal zones viz., altitudinal zone-I (<1000 m amsl), altitudinal zone-II (1000-1500 m amsl), altitudinal zone-III (1500-2000 m amsl), altitudinal zone-IV (2000-2500 m amsl) and altitudinal zone-V (>2500 m amsl). Four panchayats of each zone were selected randomly and each panchayat was further divided into three farmers categories on the basis of their land holdings viz., marginal farmers category (<1 ha), small farmers category (1-2 ha) and mediumfarmers category (2-5 ha). During study, five farmers from each category were taken as ultimate unit of study. Average family size and sex ratio of households were to the tune of 6.67, 6.07, 6.33, 6.18, 6.56 and 930.50, 927.97, 928.86, 950.58,955.31 in the altitudinal zone-I, II, III, IV and V respectively. The overall literacy rate varied from 79.29 to 81.94 per cent among different altitudinal zones, however it was recorded highest in marginal farmers category (83.47%) in altitudinal zone-IV, while it was recorded lowest in the altitudinal zone-I under same farmers category (77.85%). Seven types of agroforestry systems viz., AS, AH, HA, HP, PHS, PS and SP have been identified in five altitudinal zones among all the farmers category. However five AFS were prevalent in each zone. In altitudinal zone-I and zone-II, most predominant AFS was AS, followed by AH and SP. Whereas, in altitudinal zone-III, IV and V, most predominant AFS was AH followed by HA and HP. Highest above ground biomass was recorded under HA system (22.16 t ha-1) in altitudinal zone-IV, while among three farmers category, it was recorded highest under marginal farmers category (18.40 t ha-1) in altitudinal zone-IV. Among five altitudinal zones highest net return was recorded under HA system (Rs. 108786.62 ha-1 yr-1) in altitudinal zone-IV while among three farmers category, it was recorded highest (Rs. 119955.09 ha-1 yr-1) under medium farmers category in altitudinal zone-V. Highest benefit cost ratio under different agroforestry systems was recorded under HA system in altitudinal zone-V (2.36), while among three farmers category, it was recorded highest in AH system under medium farmers category (2.22). Technological gaps identifying the socio-economic and other constraints have highlighted the inherent weakness of existing AF systems. The most prominent among these constraints includes disproportionate applications of insecticides/pesticides and fertilizers, occurrence of fragmented land holdings, lack of efficient marketing channels, communication gap between lab to land and ineffective implementation of government sponsored schemes for the benefits of farming communities. Relevant agroforestry solutions include conducting locality specific diagnostic survey, strengthening of agro-processing facilities, voluntarily adoption of some villages by state agriculture universities and other related institutions and opening of govt. authorized sale centers at accessible places etc. From the above study it is concluded that HA system type found to be one of the best AFS for enhancing the farmers economy, hence such type of systems may be recommended for large scale adoption by farmers of the district.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL REGENERATION DIVERSITY OF MAJOR FOREST COMMUNITIES OF TEMPERATE FORESTS IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-02) VIPASHA; BHARDWAJ, D R
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Assessment of natural regeneration diversity of major forest communities of temperate forest in Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in Kullu and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh during the year 2015-17 with the aim to assess floristic diversity, regeneration status, carbon stock and soil physico-chemical properties. In the present study various forest types that profusely existed in temperate region of Kullu and Kinnaur district were classified into different forest communities type viz., C1- Chir Pine forest community [9/C1b-Upper Himalayan Chir Pine forest], C2- Ban Oak forest community [12/C1a-Ban Oak forest], C3- Deodar forest community [12/C1c-Moist Deodar forest], C4- Blue Pine forest community [12/C1f-Low level Blue Pine forest], C5- Fir / Spruce forest community [12/C1d-Western Mixed Coniferous forest] and C6- Chilgoza Pine forest community [13/C2a-Neoza Pine forest]. In each forest, 9 quadrates of size 31.62 m × 31.62 m for trees, with in it three sub-quadrates of size of 5 × 5 m for shrubs and 1 × 1 m for herbs were laid out. To study the regeneration status, 9 sub-quadrates of 2 m × 2 m within each quadrat of size 31.62 m × 31.62 m were laid out. To estimate the biomass, quadrat size was same as floristic diversity studied. To convert biomass into carbon it was multiplied with a factor of 0.5 (IPCC default value). Surface litter was collected in nine quadrates of 1 m × 1 m. Samples were weighed, sub-sampled and oven dried at 65 + 5 oC to a constant weight, grounded and ashes. Corrected dry ash was assumed to contain 50 per cent of carbon. In all, the plant vegetation found under different forest communities comprised of 165 plant species which includes 21 trees, 44 shrubs and 100 herbs belonging to131 genera and 64 families. Maximum floristic diversity (Trees + shrubs + herbs) was found under Fir/Spruce forest (60) and Deodar forest (60) followed by Blue Pine forest (54), Chir Pine forest (50), Ban Oak forest (45) and Chilgoza Pine forest 32) in descending order. The tree density varied from 191.11 N ha-1 (C6) to 441.11 N ha-1 (C2) whereas tree basal area varied from 20.01 m2 ha-1 (C6) to 47.59 m2 ha-1 (C5). Shrub and herb density varied from 506.37 N ha-1 (C6) to 4431.26 N ha-1 (C5) and 153365.56 N ha-1 (C6) to 302568.42 N ha-1 (C5), whereas their basal area varied from 0.78 m2 ha-1 (C6) to 7.06 m2 ha-1 (C5) and 1.88 m2 ha-1 (C2) to 4.49 m2 ha-1 (C5), respectively. Among different forest communities, Deodar forest observed maximum established stocking per cent (58.94 %) and regeneration per cent (73.15 %) whereas the lowest established stocking per cent and (24.49 %) regeneration per cent (29.63 %) was noted in Chilgoza Pine forest. Maximum growing stock (543.55 m3 ha-1) was observed in C5 and lowest (103.14 m3 ha-1) was in C6. Maximum total vegetation biomass 492.21 t ha-1 was observed in C2 and least 107.29 t ha-1 was observed in C6. Maximum value 246.10 t C ha-1 of total vegetation carbon density was reported in C2 and least 53.65 t C ha-1 total vegetation carbon density was observed in C6, than other forests. Ban Oak forest showed maximum (133.12 t C ha-1) total soil carbon density whereas Chilgoza Pine forest reported least (46.26 t C ha-1). Fir/Spruce forest noted maximum total detritus biomass (2.30 t ha-1) and least was observed in Chilgoza Pine forest (0.90 t ha-1). Highest ecosystem carbon density (vegetation + soil + detritus) was displayed for Ban Oak forest (381.04 t C ha-1) followed by Fir/Spruce forest (324.25 t C ha-1 ), Blue Pine forest (278.87 t C ha-1), Deodar forest (260.25 t C ha-1), Chir Pine forest (175.97 t C ha-1) and least total ecosystem carbon density was observed in Chilgoza Pine forest (100.81 t C ha-1), in descending order, respectively. Soil pH under different forest types followed the trend Fir/Spruce forest > Deodar forest > Blue Pine forest > Chir Pine forest > Chilgoza Pine forest > Ban Oak forest. Ban Oak forest and Fir/Spruce forest soils had maximum concentration of soil nutrients (N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) whereas, Chilgoza Pine forest soil were poor in nutrients availability than other forests soil. Our present study provides relevant information on flora, regeneration, live tree biomass, live tree C stocks and total ecosystem carbon density stocks of a representative temperate forest and this type of ecological knowledge is fundamental for conservation, sustainable utilization, which also may provide important information to the policy makers at both national and international level and also to find effective solutions to problems that are threatening the similar ecologically fragile regions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    FLORAL DIVERSITY AND CARBON STOCK ASSESSMENT OF HIMALAYAN DRY TEMPERATE AND ALPINE FOREST OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF, NAUNI, 2018-11) KUMAR, RAKESH; BHARDWAJ, D R
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Floral diversity and carbon stock assessment of Himalayan dry temperate and alpine forest of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh during the year 2015-16 with the aim to assess floristic diversity, regeneration status, carbon stock and soil physico-chemical properties in dry temperate and alpine forests area of Kinnaur (H.P.). Nine different forest types were selected viz., dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests (Quercus ilex – Pinus gerardiana), neoza pine forest (Pinus gerardiana), dry deodar forest (Cedrus deodara), west Himalayan high level dry blue pine forest (Pinus wallichiana), west Himalayan sub- alpine birch forests , west Himalayan sub- alpine fir forests , birch-rhododendron scrub forest, alpine pasture and dry alpine scrub. In every forest types 9 quadrates of size 20 m × 20 m for trees were laid out randomly across the slope distributed along the elevation gradient (lower, medium and high). Within each quadrate (20 m×20 m), three sub-quadrates of size of 5 m ×5 m for shrubs and 1 x 1 m for herbs were laid out. To study the regeneration status of dominant forest species, 9 sub-quadrat of 2 m×2 m within each quadrat of size 20 m x 20 m were laid out. To estimate the biomass, quadrat size was same as floristic diversity studied. To converted biomass into carbon it was multiplying with a factor of 0.5 (IPCC default value). Surface litter was collected in nine quadrates of 1 m × 1 m. Samples were weighed, sub-sampled and oven dried at 65 + 5oC to a constant weight, grounded and ashes. Corrected dry ash was assumed to contain 50 per cent of carbon.These forest types comprise of comprised of 139 species out of which 7 tree species, 26 shrub species and 106 herbs species were recorded that belong to102 genera and 44 families. The plant species (Trees + shrubs + herbs) found under different types were recorded maximum in dry deodar forest (40) followed by dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests (34), dry blue pine forest (33) , sub alpine fir forest and neoza pine forest (32), alpine pasture (23), sub-alpine birch forest (22), birch-rhododendron scrub (16) and dry alpine scrub (15). The Regeneration success was recorded maximum in dry deodar forest (58.33 %) whereas, it was minimum for neoza pine forest 27.78 per cent. Total vegetation carbon density varies significantly among different forest type. The maximum value is reported in dry deodar forest (126.12 t C ha-1) followed by dry blue pine forest (75.55 t C ha-1), sub alpine fir forest (65.05 t C ha-1), dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests (64.82 t C ha-1 ), neoza pine forest (48.96 t C ha-1), birch-rhododendron scrub forest ( 39.49 t C ha-1), sub alpine birch forest (24.43 t C ha-1), dry alpine scrub (0.65 C t ha-1) and alpine pasture (0.29 t C ha-1). Total detritus carbon density varied significantly among different forest type. While, maximum detritus carbon is found in birch-rhododendron scrub forest ( 3.00 t C ha-1) followed by sub alpine fir forest (2.62 t C ha-1), dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests (2.03 t C ha-1 ), sub alpine birch forest (1.54 t C ha-1), dry deodar forest (1.29 t C ha-1), dry blue pine forest (1.20 t C ha-1), neoza pine forest (0.82 t C ha-1) , alpine pasture (0.08 t C ha-1), and dry alpine scrub (0.06 t C ha-1).Total soil carbon density (humus+ soil (0-40 cm layer) varied significantly in different forest type. birch-rhododendron scrub (130.39 t C ha-1) showed maximum carbon density followed by dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests (111.18 t C ha-1 ), dry deodar forest (84.81 t C ha-1), sub alpine birch forest (74.76 t C ha-1), sub alpine fir forest (73.56 t C ha-1) , dry blue pine forest (56.55 t C ha-1 ), alpine pasture (51.06 t C ha-1), neoza pine forest (45.62 t C ha-1) and dry alpine scrub (37.73 t C ha-1). However, total ecosystem carbon density varied significantly among different forest type. The highest ecosystem carbon density was displayed by dry deodar forest (212.21 t C ha-1) followed by broadleaved and coniferous forests (178.02 t C ha-1 ), birch-rhododendron scrub forest ( 172.87 t C ha-1), dry sub alpine fir forest (141.22 t C ha1), dry blue pine forest (133.29 t C ha-1), sub alpine birch forest (100.72 t C ha-1), neoza pine forest (95.40 t C ha-1) , alpine pasture ( 51.42 t C ha-1), and dry alpine scrub (38.43 t C ha-1). pH in different forest type followed the trend dry broad-leaved and coniferous forests > dry deodar forest > sub alpine fir forest > neoza pine forest > alpine pasture> dry blue pine forest> dry alpine scrub>birch-rhododendron scrub forest>sub alpine birch forest. The maximum concentration of soil nutrient (N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) was reported for birchrhododendron scrub forest whereas, minimum was reported in dry alpine scrub.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ASSESSMENT OF FLORAL DIVERSITY AND CARBON STOCKS OF HIMALAYAN MOIST TEMPERATE FOREST IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2018-08) REDDY, MILKURI CHIRANJEEVA; GUPTA, B
    ABSTRACT The present study was done to identify distribution of nine forest types viz., Quercus leucotrichophora (FT-1), Quercus semecarpifolia (FT-2), Cedrus deodara (FT-3), western mixed coniferous (FT-4), moist temperate lower deciduous (FT-5), Pinus wallichiana (FT-6), Quercus floribunda (FT-7), upper Abies-Picea (FT-8) and moist temperate upper deciduous (FT-9) forests, their structural and functional characteristics in Himalayan moist temperate forest of Shimla district of HP. 303 plant species were recorded in these forests of which 34 were trees, 96 shrubs and 173 forbs. The total number of plant species in different forests varied from 181 (FT-6) to 123 (FT-9). Shannon Weiner index for trees, shrubs and forbs in different forests varied from 0.97-1.57, 0.21-0.59 and 0.64-0.70, respectively. Simpson index for trees, shrubs and forbs in different forests ranged from 2.68-3.12, 0.05-0.09 and 0.40-0.45, respectively and Margelef’s species richness for trees, shrubs and forbs in different forests varied from 3.32-3.93, 0.02-0.05 and 0.32-0.37, respectively. Phytosociological attributes i.e. density and basal area of trees in different forests varied from 315.20 (FT-8) to 514.26 (FT-7) trees/ha and 48.59 (FT-2) to 66.44 (FT-3) m2/ha, respectively, in shrubs from 10.34 x103 (FT-5) to 7.46 x103 (FT-9) plants/ha and 14.74 to 19.12 m2/ha, respectively and in forbs from 1.95 x105 (FT-6) to 2.57 x 105 (FT-4) plants/ha and 42.12 (FT-2) to 113.29 (FT-3) m2/ha, respectively. Total biomass production of trees in different forests varied from 205.21 to 468.81 t/ha, total biomass production of shrubs ranged from 14.38 (FT-8) to 23.89 (FT-1) t/ha and total biomass production of forbs ranged from 204.00 to 409.16 g/m2. Carbon stock in trees of in different forests varied from 102.60 (FT-6) to 234.41 (FT-8) t/ha, in shrubs from 7.34 (FT-8) to 11.94 (FT-1) t/ha and in forbs from 102.00 to 189.30 g/m2. All the characteristics of vegetation in forests showed declining trend with increase in elevation. Soil bulk density, Soil organic carbon and carbon tock in soil at 0-15cm depth in different forests varied from 0.88 ( Ft-7) to 1.06 (FT-1) g/cm3, 1.14 (FT-5) to 1.42 (FT-1) %, 15.20 (FT-5) to 22.68 (FT-1) t/ha, respectively whereas, in 15-30 cm depth of soil their values were: 0.94 (FT-6) to 1.15 (FT-1) g/cm3, 0.95 (FT-5) to 1.22 (FT-1)% and 13.84 (FT-6) to 21.36 (FT-1) t/ha, respectively It is concluded that Oak forests in Himalayan moist temperate zone has slightly better potential in carbon sequestration than conifers. Both the types of forests should be given preference for any management plan.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND SITE AMELIORATION POTENTIAL OF PURE AND MIXED PLANTATIONS UNDER DEGRADED HILL SITES
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1999) SARALCH, HARMEET SINGH; BHARDWAJ, S.D
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON BIOMASS AND KATHA YIELD ESTIMATION IN KHAIR (ACACIR CATECHU WILD.) IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1998) KUMAR, SUMAN; CHAUHAN, P. S
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON DYNAMICS OF HERBAGE LAYER IN PINE AND KHAIR BASED NATURLA SILVIPASTORAL SYTEMS IN NORTH WEST HIMALAYA
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1998) RAO, G. RAJESHWAR; MISHRA, V. K