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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2011 - 20173
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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: VIJAY, KUMAR × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON MANAGEMENT OF ROSE POWDERY MILDEW (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2017-11) VIJAY, KUMAR; CHANDEL, SUNITA
    ABSTRACT Rose powdery mildew caused by the Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary is one of the most serious and devastating diseases of roses grown worldwide including Himachal Pradesh in natural as well as protected cultivation. Rose powdery mildew was recorded to occur in moderate to severe form in different rose growing areas of districts Bilaspur, Kangra, Mandi, Sirmour, Shimla and Solan. The mean disease incidence and per cent disease index (PDI) varied between 48.50 to 66.75 and 22.22 to 36.02, respectively with highest incidence in district Solan and highest PDI at Shimla while lowest incidence and PDI in district Kangra. Pathogenicity test revealed that symptoms appeared after 161 hours of incubation. Different isolates of six districts were morphologically distinguished from one another with respect of the size of the mycelium, conidia and conidiophores which ranged between 4.0 to 4.8, 22.8 x 12.4 and 72.0 to 78.0 μm, respectively. Molecular characterization with RAPD markers revealed the similarity index among the ten fungal isolates ranged between 19 to 73 per cent with an average of 46 per cent. Maximum similarity about 73 per cent was found between isolate-5 and isolates-8. Least similar was isolate-7 which had 19 per cent similarity with other isolate as it belongs to wild roses. Association of Ampelomyces quisqualis with Podosphaera pannosa was observed in months of the September to November and in other hosts like Chotta dhatura (September to November), Zinnia and Dahlia (May to July) at Nauni. Maximum growth of mycelium was reported in malt extract agar medium. Fusarium sp., Botrytis sp., Cladosporium sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Alternaria sp., Trichothecium sp., Trichoderma sp. and two bacterial isolates (1 and 2) were isolated from the phylloplane of the rose leaves in summer and winter seasons in year 2015. The highest conidial inhibition of 21.88% was recorded from the culture filtrate of Trichoderma sp. among all the culture filtrates. The disease initially appeared in the second week of April with severity of 5.85 per cent and increased upto 48.35 per cent at mid of June month. Simple correlation was between per cent disease index, mean temperature (0.910), cumulative rainfall (-0.545), average relative humidity (0.616) and total sunshine hours (- 0.760). Partial correlation was between per cent disease index, mean temperature (0.475), cumulative rainfall (-0.872), average relative humidity (0.172) and total sunshine hours (-0.273) and reported to be positive and negative according to different environmental factors. Multiple correlation of determination indicated powdery mildew severity was dependent upon meteorological factors about 97.2 per cent for the disease development during 2015 and 2016. Germplasm screening of 50 rose cultivars were undertaken, none of cultivar was immune, 6 were resistant, 8 were moderately resistant, 24 were moderately susceptible, 12 were susceptible to powdery mildew in their reaction. Under in vitro evaluation among fungicides, bio-control agents, bio-products, botanicals, the best efficacy was obtained with difenoconazole, Bacillus subtilis, neem oil, and garlic (Allium sativus). Under greenhouse evaluation of fungicides, difenoconazole gave the highest efficacy against Podosphaera pannosa for two years 2015 and 2016 with 85.96 per cent disease control. Best efficacy of Ampelomyces quisqualis was observed among the bio-control agents application under greenhouse conditions with 78.51 per cent of disease control. Neem oil gave maximum per cent disease control of 76.18 per cent under greenhouse condition among all the bio-products. Among the botanicals, garlic (Allium sativus) gave the highest efficacy against powdery mildew of rose with 71.87 per cent disease control. Maximum anti-sporulant activity was obtained with difenoconazole, Ampelomyces quisqualis, neem oil and garlic among the fungicides, bio-control agents, bio-products and botanicals, respectively. Dipotassium orthophosphate have the highest efficacy against rose powdery mildew at both 0.05 and 0.075 per cent concentration. Dipotassium orthophosphate increased the content of the reducing (146.33 μg/g) and non-reducing sugar (39.28 μg/g), total phenol (137.67 μg/g), polyphenol oxidase activity (0.261), peroxidase activity (0.416) and PAL activity (0.586). In compatibility test, Ampelomyces quisqualis was not compatible while Bacillus subtilis was moderately to highly compatible with fungicides, bio-products, botanicals and SAR chemicals. From the integrated disease management trial highest disease control was obtained with two applications from treatments with dipotassium orthophosphate + Bacillus subtilis + neem oil (86.88%) and difenoconazole + Bacillus subtilis + neem oil (85.43%) in comparison to individual treatments where six sprays were applied.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF VARIOUS STRAINS OF Agaricus bisporus(Lange) Imbach
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2013) VIJAY, KUMAR; SUMAN, B.C.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of various strains of Agaricus bisporus(Lange) Imbach” was carried out during 2011-2013 in department of plant pathology, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP). Ten strains of Agaricus bisporus, including control (U3) were undertaken to characterized, maintain, spawn preparation and production efficiency including other aspects like physiological studies and molecular characterization. Different solid and liquid media were tried for maintaining pure culture of these strains. Malt extract agar medium exhibited maximum mycelium growth rate and therefore was used for maintaining of cultures. The yield studies showed that strain DMRA-7 supported highest average yield followed by strains DMRA-37 and DMRA-102 and also exhibited better quality traits as compared to other strains. All the strains including control (U3) were taken for studying their physiological requirement in detail and four strains including control (U3) with higher production were taken up for molecular characterization . RAPD study revealed that primer OPP-3 and OPP-7 yielded maximum number of bands as compared to other primers. Similarity coefficient obtained from RAPD analysis revealed that similarity among all the selected strains ranged between 45 to 76 percent, with an average of 60 percent similarity. Among various liquid media studied glucose asparagines medium supported maximum average mycelia weight and in case of solid medium, malt extract medium supported maximum average colony diameter. The optimum temperature and pH for growth of different strains including control (U3) were found to be 25 o C and 6.5, respectively. Among carbon and nitrogen sources, best growth of different strains includingcontrol (U3) was recorded on maltose and proline, respectively on liquid as well as on solid media. The strain DMRA-7 can be recommended to mushroom grower for commercial cultivation as is shows superior yield as well as better morphological qualities than other including control (U3).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON GREY MOULD ROT OF STRAWBERRY AND ITS MANAGEMENT
    (UHF,NAUNI,SOLAN, 2011) VIJAY, KUMAR; SHARMA, I.M.
    ABSTRACT Grey mould rot is most destructive disease of Strawberry, wherever it is grown in the world causing yield losses up to 90 per cent. Present investigation was undertaken with the objectives to study the occurrence of this disease, role of abiotic environmental factors in its initiation and development and to devise suitable disease management practices. The disease was observed to occur in moderate to severe form in different Strawberry growing areas of Solan, Kullu, Sirmaur and Mandi districts of Himachal Pradesh, with maximum disease incidence (31.45%) in Dhaulakuan area of Sirmaur district. The associated fungus was isolated from the infected fruit samples collected from different locations and Koch’s postulates were proved. On the basis of morphological characters like shape, size and colour of conidia and conidiophores, the fungus was identified as Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr. Weather parameters were found to put considerable effect on disease development under field conditions. Low to moderate temperature (15-20ºC) accompanied with moderate to high humidity (65-73%) and minimum sunshine hrs (4-6 hrs) favoured the disease development. Disease incidence was positively correlated with relative humidity, rainfall and sunshine hours and negatively with temperature. Among twenty four cultivars of Strawberry screened against the target disease under natural epiphytotic conditions, five namely; Elsanta, Missionary, Senga Sengana, Tioga and Chandler exhibited highly susceptible reactions. Under in vitro conditions, fungicide carbendazim was most effective in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen and was followed by captan + hexaconazole, mancozeb and carbendazim+ Iprodione, respectively. Under filed conditions, three consecutive sprays of carbendazim (0.05%) starting with the first appearance of disease at 15 days interval was most effective (94.33 PDC). Next best fungicides were captan + hexaconazole and hexaconazole in order. Polythene mulch combined with two sprays of carbendazim (0.05%) was equally effective (94.20%). Further, leaf water extract of Vitex negundo was most effective under in vitro conditions against the target pathogen followed by vermiwash and neem leaf water extract.