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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2016 - 20202
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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: ATTRI, KAUSHAL ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIABILITY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF EARLY BLIGHT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) JONES AND GROUT IN HIMACHAL PRADESH
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2020-01) ATTRI, KAUSHAL; GUPTA, PANKAJ
    ABSTRACT Early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani is one of the most important and devastating disease of tomato which causing extensive yield losses in Himachal Pradesh. Survey of disease was conducted during 2018 and 2019 for two consecutive crop seasons. Severityof disease ranged from 30.75 to 79.28 and 34.78 to 83.25 per cent during 2018 and 2019 crop seasons in different locations surveyed and maximum disease severity (81.27%) was recorded in Kaned (Mandi) and lowest (32.77%) in Shoghi (Shimla) of Himachal Pradesh. The associated pathogen was isolated and on the basis of cultural and morphological characters, identified as Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones and Grout. Incubation period of 144 h was recorded by spray inoculation method on leaves and 240 h and 192 h on stem and fruits by pin prick method. Twenty isolates of A. solani collected from different locations of five districts showed variation in morphological and cultural characters. RAPD molecular markers used to detect the polymorphism among these isolates were informative for detecting genetic variability and divide all the isolates into five groups, the similarity coefficient among the studied isolates was ranged from 4-67 per cent with an average of 35 percent. Under in vitro conditions temperature of 30°C and 100 per cent level of relative humidity were most favorable for germination of conidia, whereas, germ tube length was maximum at 25°C and 100 per cent level of relative humidity. Under pot culture conditions 30°C temperature and 100 per cent RH level were congenial for disease development.Simple correlation coefficient between disease severity and environmental factors viz., RH morning, RH evening, minimum temperature and cumulative rainfall were found positive and significant over the years 2018 and 2019. Partial correlation coefficient between disease severity and temperature maximum, RH morning and evening was positive but nonsignificant over two years. Multiple correlation coefficients between disease severity and studied environmental factors suggested that 87.56 per cent of disease severity was attributed by mean temperature, average relative humidity and cumulative rainfall collectively. The multiple linear regression equation showed that, a unit change in maximum temperature, relative humidity evening and morning influence the early blight disease of tomato up to an extent of 6.187, 2.371 and 0.940 in the same direction followed by -1.682 and 0.030 in opposite direction in case of minimum temperature and rainfall. Among seven bioresources tested under in vitro conditions, cow urine was highly effective at all the concentrations against the fungus followed by leaf extract of Roylea elegans (kadu). Under field conditions five foliar sprays at ten days interval of Allium satium (garlic) extract at 5 per cent concentration after initiation of disease was found most effective and gave 56.12 per cent reduction of disease. Among different systemic acquired resistance (SAR) inducers evaluated under pot culture conditions, benzothiadiazole (BTH) and ß-aminobutyric acid (BABA) were found most effective and reduced the disease severity. The activity of defence related enzymes viz. phenol, PO, PPO and PAL were maximum after 96 h and 72 h, respectively, in tomato plants treated with benzothiadiazole (BTH) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4). Under field conditions two foliar sprays of benzothiadiazol (BTH) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4)) were found effective against the disease which reduced the severity of disease to 71.21 and 58.40 per cent. Among different fungicides used in vitro, difenconazole, hexaconazole, copper sulphate, azoxystrobin + difenoconazole, hexaconazole + zineb, tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin, flupyram + trifloxystrobin and captan + hexaconazole were found the most effective and resulted in complete mycelial growth inhibition of the pathogen. Under field conditions foliar spray applications of hexaconazole + zineb (0.2%) and azoxystrobin + difenoconazole (0.15%), five times at ten days interval after commencement of disease were found effective which resulted in 72.37 and 69.79 per cent reduction of disease. In integrated disease management, two foliar sprays of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1.3%) after 15 days of transplanting at seven days interval followed by six alternate foliar sprays of hexa
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON FUSARIUM WILT OF BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI,SOLAN, 2016) ATTRI, KAUSHAL; SHARMA, MONICA
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on Fusarium wilt of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)” was conducted in the laboratories and experimental farm of the Department of Plant Pathology. During the survey of the disease, 20-53 per cent incidence of wilt was recorded in Solan and Sirmaur districts of Himachal Pradesh. Pathogenicity test was conducted on 35-40 days old seedlings of bell pepper and incubation period of 240 h was recorded. Effect of different temperature and pH levels on mycelial growth of pathogen were studied under in vitro conditions and optimum mycelial growth was observed at temperature of 25°C and pH 7.0. Studies conducted under pot culture conditions, revealed that soil temperature of 25°C and 40 per cent of soil moisture level were best for the disease development. Among different systemic and non-systemic fungicides tested under in vitro conditions, carbendazim at 50, 100, 150 ppm and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin at 500 ppm were found most effective and resulted in complete mycelial growth inhibition. Under field conditions, soil drenching of carbendazim (0.2 %), carbendazim + mancozeb (0.25 %) and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (0.1%) were found most effective and increased fruit yield. Among different SAR inducers evaluated under pot culture conditions, seedling dip treatment of acibenzolar- S- methyl at 0.05 mM for 45 minutes was found most effective in managing the disease and also increased healthy leaves percentage, plant weight and height of plants. Seedling dip treatment of β- amino-butyric acid was also found effective followed by salicylic acid and resulted in 85 and 64 per cent disease reduction, respectively and also increased plant growth parameters. Seedling dip treatment of acibenzolar-S- methyl (0.05 mM) and β- aminobutyric acid (1 mM) under field conditions were found effective and reduced disease incidence to 80 and 73 per cent as well as resulted fruit yield of 15.50, 14.50 kg/plot respectively. Nickel and cobalt nanoparticles which were evaluated under in vitro conditions, nickel nanoparticles followed by cobalt at 500 ppm concentration were found effective and resulted in 89 and 87 per cent mycelial growth inhibition respectively. Under pot culture conditions, nickel and cobalt nanoparticles at 400 ppm concentration were most effective and gave hundred per cent disease reduction.