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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access BIOPROSPECTING OF THERMOTOLERANT BACTERIA FROM HOT WATER SPRINGS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH FOR PRODUCTION OF THERMOSTABLE LIPASE ENZYME(2013) SHARMA, ANKITA; SHIRKOT, POONAMABSTRACT Thermophiles are the organisms which are adapted to live at high temperatures. The survival of these organisms at high temperature is possible due to the thermostability of their enzymes. Many thermostable enzymes such as Taq DNA polymerase, aldolase, amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, RNA polymerase etc. find a number of commercial applications because of their thermostability. Therefore, the isolation of thermophilic bacteria from natural sources and their identification is very important in terms of discovering new industrial enzymes. Keeping in view, hot water springs of Himachal Pradesh could serve as a good source for new thermophilic microorganisms with novel industrially important properties. Therefore aim of the present study was the isolation and characterization of thermotolerant bacteria from hot water springs of Himachal Pradesh for production of thermostable lipase enzyme. Four hot water springs viz., Manikaran, Vashisht, Khirganga and Tattapani were purposely selected for the present studies. Samples consisting of soil, water, rock matting and pebbles were collected from each hot water spring. The pH and temperature of the four thermal springs were ranged from 4.1-6.0 and 51-105oC respectively. The chloride, sulphate, total hardness, calcium hardness, CaCO3 hardness and magnesium content ranged from 490-2673, 12-50, 147-483, 30.0-144.2, 65-264 and 7.53-26.73 mg/l respectively. Forty four bacterial isolates were isolated from the samples using tributyrin medium. All the bacterial isolates were studied for various morphological characters and on the basis of ability of formation of zone of clearance on tributyrin medium, forty two bacterial isolates were selected, which were further investigated for biochemical characters. Quantitative screening was done to select one bacterial isolate showing maximum thermostable lipase activity and MBW2 bacterial isolate was found to show maximum thermostable lipase activity of 4.83 U/ml and was thus selected further for molecular characterization. Genomic DNA was isolated from the selected bacterial isolate MBW2. PCR amplification of the isolated DNA was carried out using universal primers for 16S rDNA gene and an amplicon of 1250 bp was obtained. Sequencing of the PCR product was done using same primers. Sequence of the MBW2 bacterial isolate so obtained was found to be 769 bp. In silico analysis using BLASTn showed 99% homology of the query sequence with Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain L420-91. A total of 25 sequences were mined and these sequences were used to compare the 16S rDNA sequence of the test isolate MBW2. Alignment score was highest for Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain L420-91 16S ribosomal RNA, partial sequence (NR_029303.1). Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences using NJ method was achieved via phylip 3.68 and EXOMETM HORIZON. Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain MBW2 was studied further for enzymatic studies. Optimization of culture conditions for growth and thermostable lipase activity of isolate Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus strain MBW2 was carried out. The crude extracellular extract was produced using optimized conditions and further partially purified using ammonium sulphate precipitation technique. The procedure yielded 32.5 g protein with 1.17 fold purification with a percent yield 53.02%. Molecular weight of the partially purified enzyme was found to be 42.5 kDa using SDS-PAGE gel.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN THROUGH FERTIGATION FOR GROWTH AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF NECTARINE (Prunus persica Batsch var. nucipersica) cv. SNOW QUEEN(2013) SINGH, DEEPIKA; SHARMA, S.D.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of different levels of nitrogen through fertigation for growth and nutrient status of nectarine (Prunus persica Batsch var. nucipersica) cv. “Snow Queen”, was conducted on two year old Snow Queen nectarine plantations at the integrated horticultural based farming system model farm of Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, during 2013. Experimental trees were given the treatments viz. 25, 50, 75, 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen through fertigation and 100 per cent recommended dose through conventional soil fertilization with three replications in the Randomized Block Design. Fertigation with 75 per cent recommended dose significantly increased the fruit size, fruit weight, total soluble solids and total sugars. However, titratable acidity highest in the fruits of the trees fertigated at 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen. The tree height, canopy volume, shoot growth, leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf N, P, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and available N, P, K, micronutrients and organic carbon were found better under the treatment with 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen. Whereas, available Ca, Mg content and soil pH decreases in the soil with increasing the doses of nitrogen fertigation through urea. From the present investigation, it may be concluded that 75 per cent recommended dose was found better for growth parameters and fruit quality characteristics. whereas, leaf macro and micronutrients, soil nutrients were found better under 100 per cent recommended dose of nitrogen, closely followed by T3 (fertigation at 75 % recommended dose of nitrogen). In addition, fertigation with 75 per cent recommended dose resulted in 25 per cent saving of fertilizers.ThesisItem Open Access Influence of pollination levels on the fruit set, yield and quality of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.)”(2013) INDIRA, DEVI; THAKUR, B.S.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Influence of pollination levels on the fruit set, yield and quality of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa Chev.)” was carried out in the experimental orchards of the Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, District Solan (Himachal Pradesh). These studies were conducted to know the effect of different pollination levels on the fruit set and quality of kiwifruit. Flowers of cv. Allison was pollinated after manipulating the number of styles and retaining 1,2,4,6,8,10,14,16,20,24 and all styles. High fruit set was recorded irrespective of the number of styles pollinated. Fruit growth was measured at 15 days interval. Initially there was a rapid increase in fruit growth for 40 days and there after slowed down till harvest. When flowers with only one style were pollinated, minimum fruit weight and number of seeds were recorded. A proportionate increase in fruit weight and number of seeds was observed with increase in the number of styles and maximum fruit weight and number of seeds were recorded when flowers with all styles were pollinated. Both the staminate cultivars proved to be effective pollinizers for the commercial pistillate cultivars.ThesisItem Open Access VARIABILITY AND ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN STRAWBERRY ( Fragaria x ananassa )(2013) GARG, SAURABH; SHARMA, GIRISHABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Variability and association studies in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)” was carried out for the year 2011-12 and 2012-13 in the experimental field of Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Variability, correlation and path analysis studies in fourteen strawberry cultivars were carried out. It was observed that ‘Chandler’ outperformed all other cultivars for vegetative characters such as plant height, plant spread, number of leaves, leaf area, number of runners and petiole length. The cultivar Sweet Charlie was earliest to flower and the duration of flowering was longest in ‘Chandler’ (97.08 days). Fruit length (34.48 mm), fruit breadth (27.90 mm), number of fruits per plant (30.17) and yield per plant (370.05 g) were also found highest in ‘Chandler’ whereas average berry was recorded highest in ‘Belrubi’ (12.46 g). TSS content was highest in ‘Selva’ and titratable acidity in ‘Etna’ (0.93 %) while ‘Sweet Charlie’ had maximum (6.57 %) total sugars. Coefficients of variability were high for plant spread, leaf number per plant, number of fruits per plant and average berry weight whereas high heritability coupled with high genetic gain was observed for plant spread and number of fruits per plant. Yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with plant spread, leaf number per plant, duration of flowering, fruit length, fruit breadth, number of achenes per fruit, number of fruits per plant, average berry weight and TSS. Number of fruits per plant, average berry weight and leaf number per plant found to have high positive direct effect on yield per plant during first year of study while during 2012-13, fruit length had maximum positive direct effect on fruit yield.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF NUMBER OF PLANTS PER POT, POT SPACING AND PHOTOPERIOD ON PRODUCTION OF POTTED CHRYSANTHEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)(2013) SULTANPURI, ARSHI; DHIMAN, S.R.ABSTRACT The investigation on “Effect of number of plants per pot, pot spacing and photoperiod on production of potted chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)” were carried out at the experimental farm of the department of Floriculture and Landscaping of Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P) during 2011-12 under controlled and natural photoperiods in six inch plastic pots in naturally ventilated polyhouse. The study was conducted on a newly developed selection ‘UHFSChr56’ of chrysanthemum. Pots containing a mixture of sand, soil and FYM (1:1:1 v/v). The planted pots containing one, two and three cuttings were spaced at different distance viz. 9, 12 and 15 inch. Findings revealed that chrysanthemum selection ‘UHFSChr-56’ can be grown successfully as pot mum under both natural as well as controlled photoperiodic conditions. Earlier arrival of visible bud formation stage was noticed in pots containing one plant per pot spaced at 9 inch apart and grown under controlled photoperiodic conditions (93.17 days). In general, controlled photoperiod, when applied was found better for flowering over natural photoperiod. Flowering was observed much earlier under controlled photoperiod (125.50 days) with improved quality of plants as compared to natural photoperiod (191.22 days). Eight treatments comprising of one, two and three plants per pot grown at a pot spacing of 9 inch under controlled photoperiodic condition, and one plant at 9 inch pot spacing, one and two plants at a pot spacing of 12 inch and 15 inch, both under natural photoperiodic condition, out of 18 treatment combinations resulted in the production of most presentable square shaped plants in six inch plastic pots.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF MULCHES, PLANTING METHODS AND BIOFERTILIZERS ON ORGANIC PRODUCTION OF CAPSICUM (Capsicum annuum L.)(2013) JAMATIA, TANUSHREE; THAKUR, K.S.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of mulches, planting methods and biofertilizers on organic production of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Vegetable Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during Kharif season, 2012 with the objectives to study the effects of the above factors on growth, yield and economics of capsicum crop cv. Solan Bharpur. The experiment was carried out in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design having three replications with a total of 36 plots having size of 3 x 2.7 m2 area per plot and spacing of 60 cm x 45 cm which included 3 levels of mulch (M1: No mulch, M2: Black plastic mulch and M3: Pea residue mulch), 2 levels of planting methods (P1: Flat bed method and P2: Ridge bed method) and 2 levels of biofertilizer treatments (B1: No biofertilizers and B2: Biofertilizers) to compare twelve treatment combinations viz., M1P1B1, M1P1B2, M1P2B1, M1P2B2, M2P1B1, M2P1B2, M2P2B1, M2P2B2, M3P1B1, M3P1B2, M3P2B1 and M3P2B2. The main effect of the factors revealed that M2, P2 and B2 treatments recorded significant results for most of the growth characters like plant height (62.76, 56.82 and 56.63 cm respectively), fruit yield (210 q/ha, 183.12 q/ha and 173.30 q/ha respectively). Among the two way interactions, M2P2, M2B2 and P2B2 treatments were found the best in enhancing the fruit yield and in controlling weeds (7.23/m2 in M2P2 and 47.93/m2 in P2B2). Among the three way interactions, M2P2B2 i.e., application of black polythene mulch, ridge bed method and application of biofertilizers exhibited significant influence on growth, quality and fruit yield of capsicum as the maximum fruit yield (280.45 q/ha) was obtained with this treatment combination with maximum net return and B:C ratio to the tune of Rs 323420/ha and 3.32 respectively.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFICACY OF ORGANIC SOURCES FOR GROWTH, NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND SOIL HEALTH OF NECTARINE ( Prunus persica Batsch var. nucipersica ) cv. Silver King(2013) SHARMA, SUSHMA; SHARMA, SOM DEVABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on efficacy of organic sources for growth, nutrient uptake and soil health of nectarine c.v. Silver King” was carried out for the year (2013) in the integrated horticulture farming systems’ model farm under the ‘Department of Fruit Science’ of Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh.. The study was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. The nectarine trees were treated with different treatment combination of vermicompost(25kgtree-1); FYM(30kgtree-1); biofertilizers(40g tree-1); compost(15kgtree-1); cow urine(1:10) and vermiwash(1:10). Among the different treatment combination (FYM30+VC25+VW1:10+CU1:10) i.e. FYM (20 kg tree1)+vermicompost (20 kg tree-1) + vermiwash(1:10)+cow urine(1:10) was found to be most effective with repect to plant growth, Physico-chemical properties of soil (pH, EC, bulk density, water holding capacity), leaf nutrient status and quality. However, increased microfloral count (Azotobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., soil fungi., Actinomycetes sp and AM spore population) of the soil was observed with treatment conbination (BF40+VC25+VW1:10+CU1:10) i.e. biofertilizers (40gtree-1);vermicompos t (25kgtree-1); cowurine(1:10)and vermiwash(1:10).Hence it is concluded from the preliminary studies that the conjoint application of FYM (30 kg tree-1)+ vermicompost (25 kg tree-1)+ vermiwash (1:10)+ cow urine (1:10) was most effective to perform better cropping behaviour in terms of tree growth parameters, physico-chemical characteristics of soil, leaf nutrient concentration and fruit quality.