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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan

Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry. The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services. The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.

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2013 - 201527
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Subject: Fruit Science × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2013 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF SOME NEWLY INTRODUCED POMEGRANATE (Punica granatumL.) GERMPLASM ACCESSIONS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) SINHA, SUPARNA; THAKUR, DINESH S.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Characterization and evaluation of some newly introduced pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) germplasm accessions” was carried out in the Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan. Twenty pomegranate genotypes namely Parfyanets, Saharnyi, Loulou, Nusai, Cloud, Green Globe, Podarok, Crab, Al-sirin-nar, Purple Heart, Kaim-anar, 20090265, Gulyalek, Haku-botan, Alk Pust Ghermez Saveh, Eve, Dewey, Ovadan, Sogdiana and Orange were evaluated for their plant, foliage, floral and fruit characters. Dewey recorded maximumplant height (3.18 m) whereas; minimum plant height (1.35 m) was recorded in 20090265. Shedding of leaf started from 13 th November (20090265) and extended till 4 th December (Saharnyi). Time of full bloom extended from 10 th April in Orange to 15 th June in Haku-botan. The longest duration (195 days) of flowering was recorded in Haku-botan and shortest (40 days) in Saharnyi and Nusai. Time of fruit maturity was early (5 th August) in Dewey and late (24 th August) in Ovadan. Pollen viability ranged from 91.13 per cent to 97.93 per cent when tested by 2.0 per cent acetocarmine and 83.24 to 89.42 per cent by 0.1 per cent erythrosin B. In vitro pollen germination varied from 34.28 per cent to 69.72 per cent. Largest and heaviest fruits were observed in Green Globe (296.3 g) whereas lightest fruits were in 20090265 (144.56 g). Aril percentage varied from 48.32 per cent to 70.94 per cent. Maximum aril/rind ratio was recorded in 20090265 (2.55) and minimum in Purple Heart (1.12). TSS content was maximum (15.87°B) in Purple Heart and minimum in (9.93 °B) in Ovadan. Titratable acidity was recorded highest in Gulyalek (2.26%) and lowest in Loulou (0.66%). Total sugar content ranged from 7.55 per cent (Ovadan) to 14.13 per cent (Purple Heart). Genotype Ovadan (30.60 mg/100ml) have highest anthocyanins content whereas Hakubotan (3.23 mg/100ml) have lowest anthocyanin content. Maximum phenols from the juice was obtained in Al-sirin-nar (981.24 mg/100g) whereas it is minimum in Alk Pust Ghermez Saveh (308.03 mg/100ml).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON HYBRIDIZATION IN PEACH [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) JOSHI, MUNMUN; KRISHAN, KUMAR
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on hybridization in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]” were conducted in Peach Experimental Blocks, Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan. Two late maturing high chill cultivars namely July Elberta, Redhaven and three low chill early maturing cultivars namely TropicBeauty, Saharanpur Prabhat and Pratap (TA-170) were included in the present studies. Time and duration of flowering of different peach cultivars was recorded which demonstrated a large variation. The time gap in flowering time of high chill and low chill peach cultivars to be used in hybridization necessitated pollen viability studies. The extent of viability of fresh and stored pollen grains in low chill peach cultivars (used as pollen parents) recorded around 90 per cent in acetocarmine (2%), erythrosin B (0.04%) andunder in vitroconditions after 48 hours in 10 per cent sucrose. Amongst all the cross combinations attempted, the highest fruit set was observed in ‘July Elberta × TropicBeauty’ in 2013 (76.33%) and 2014 (69.25%), respectively and minimum fruit set was recorded in ‘Redhaven ×Pratap’ in 2013 (46.03%), whereas in 2014 minimum fruit set (41.83%) was observed in ‘Redhaven ×Saharanpur Prabhat’ cross combination. Fruit retention ranged from 24.35 per cent to 50.53per cent and 21.23 per cent to 35.93 per cent in 2013 and 2014, respectively in all the cross combinations. Highest number of hybrid seedlings (12) were obtained from ‘July Elberta x TropicBeauty’ cross combination. From present investigations it may be concluded that there is, absolute need to continue further work in respect of raising and evaluation of the resultant hybrid progeny to select promising individuals requiring moderate chill and yielding early maturing fruits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    POLLINATION STUDIES IN RELATION TO FRUIT DROP IN PERSIMMON (Diospyros kaki L.) CV. HACHIYA
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) CHAUHAN, NIRMLA; THAKUR, B.S.
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Pollination studies in relation to fruit drop in persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) cv. Hachiya was carried out at Horticulture Research and Training Station Kandaghat. Effect of different modes of pollination (no pollination, open pollination and hand pollination) using Diospyros virginiana and Kandaghat Pink (local selection) as a source of pollen on fruit set, fruit development and fruit drop were evaluated. Anthesis and dehiscence started early in the morning and continued upto 6:00 pm in the evening. Stigma receptivity was maximum on the day of anthesis and pollen viability was recorded highest in Kandaghat Pink (96.87 %). Highest pollen germination (64.10 %) was recorded with 15 per cent sucrose solution in Kandaghat Pink whereas it was minimum (15.07 %) in Diospyros virginiana with 5 per cent sucrose solution. Fruit set under different modes of pollination varied from 84.61-97.12 per cent. The growth pattern followed a sigmoid growth curve irrespective of different modes of pollination. Fruit drop was minimum when Diospyros virginiana was used as a source of pollen. However, maximum fruit drop was observed when the flowers were simply bagged. Fruit size, weight and number of seeds were different in fruits from different mode of pollination while other fruit character namely, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity and sugars were not influenced by pollination.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC EVALUATION OF WILD POMEGRANATE (Punica granatum L.) GERMPLASM FOR VARIOUS POMOLOGICAL TRAITS
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) MISHRA, GOPA; SHARMA, GIRISH
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Genetic evaluation of wild pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) germplasm for various pomological traits”were carried out at the Kalaghat farm of Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Y.S Parmer University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, during 2013-15. The plant material was collected from four different district of Himachal Pradesh (Sirmour, Shimla, Solan and Mandi) and planted at Kalaghat. This plant material has been flowering and fruiting for four to five years. The experiment was laid out in FRBD. Evaluation study was carried out for various growth and foliage characters, pollen viability and germinability, fruit physico-chemical characters, yield and insect pest reactions among the germplasm. Among all the genotypes studied the plant material collected from Shimla district had better vegetative growth (height, girth and spread) and maximum pollen germination percentage (66.61 %) whereas Sirmour district plants performed best in terms of fruit characters viz. weight (147.9 g), length (60.17 mm), diameter (66.00 mm), aril weight (65.68 g), peel and rag weight (88.46 g), titratable acidity (6.84 %), yield (7.6 kg) and was most resistant to fruit spot disease. Thickest rind among the germplasm was in Solan district. Pollen germination was found maximum (96.06 %) in Mandi district’s plant. Genetic variability studiesrevealed that phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits studied. Higher heritability was recorded for all the characters except stamen number, percentage of male flower. Genetic correlation coefficient was higher than phenotypic correlation coefficient in most of the cases. Gross fruit yieldhad positive and significant association with plant height, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, aril weight, peel and rag weight, rind thickness, TSS, and total sugar. The path coefficient analysis revealed that hermaphrodite flower had maximum positive and direct effect on yield and good amount of positive and direct effect was also by intermediate flower, fruit weight and plant height.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    REJUVENATION STUDIES ON GROWTH, FRUITING AND FRUIT QUALITY OF APRICOT (Prunus armeniacaL.) cv. New Castle
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) THOKCHOM, ROCKY; SHARMA, D.P.
    ABSTRACT The study entitled “Rejuvenation studies on growth,fruiting and fruit quality of apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.) cv. New Castle” was conducted on 25- years oldrejuvenated trees of New Castle apricot in the experimental orchard of the Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2013 and 2014. These experimental trees were given rejuvenation treatments (combination of 3 pruning severities and 3 levels of nitrogen) in the year 2011. The standard pruning was practiced afterwards but the combinations of different level of nitrogen in the experimental trees were applied. To ascertain the effect of rejuvenation treatment on tree vigour , fruiting, and productivity the study was further continued for another 2 years i.e. 2013 and 2014. T he experiment was laid out using Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 treatments replicatedthrice. The experiment comprised factorial combination of pruning severities (20%, 40%, 60% and heading back of main scaffolds) and, three levels of nitrogen (500, 625 and 750 g/tree). In all there were nine combinations of pruning intensities and nitrogen level treatments which wer e compared with control. The results revealed that maximum annual shoot growth (167.06 cm), tree spread (4.63cm), pruning wood weight (9.19kg/tree), leaf area (36.15cm 2 ), leaf chlorophyll contents (2.62mg/100g) and foli ar N (2.97%), Fe (248.26ppm), Mn (158.19ppm) and Zn (11. 77ppm) contents were higher in T 9 (60% heading back of scaffolds+750g Nitrogen). The various physico-chemical parameters such as fruit weight (26.59g), fruit volume (22.91cc), TSS (15.99 0 B), total sugar (9.84%), reducing sugar (3.70%), non-reducing sugar (6.61%), acidity (1.91% ) and fruit firmness (5.40kg/cm 2 ) were highest in T 7 (60% heading back of scaffolds+500g Nitrogen), whi le foliar P (0.247%), Ca (3.07%), Mg (0.92%) and Cu (14.56ppm) contents were higher in T1 (20% heading back of scaffolds+500g Nitrogen) in New Castle apricot under study.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF BIOREGULATORS AND PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF APRICOT (Prunus armeniacaL.) CV. NEW CASTLE
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) THAKUR, KALPANA; MEHTA, KULDEEP
    ABSTRACT The present studies on “Effect of bioregulators and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, yield and quality of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cv. New Castle” was conducted in the experimental orchard of Horticultural Research and Training Station, Kandaghat, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni Solan (H.P). The experiment consisted of 14 treatments with three replications and was laid out in Completely Randomized Block Design. The plant bioregulators and PGPR were sprayed at pink bud and repeated at pit hardening stage. The bioregulators and PGPR applied were Triacontanol (T 1 =2.5 ppm, T2 = 5ppm, T3 = 7.5 ppm), Biozyme (T4= 2ml/l, T 5=3ml/l, T 6= 4ml/l), Cytozyme (T 7= 2ml/l, T 8= 3ml/l, T 9= 4ml/l) PGPR (T 10 = 1L/4L of water), PGPR + Triacontanol (T 11 =1L/plant + 7.5 ppm), PGPR + Biozyme (T 12= 1L/plant + 3ml/l), PGPR + Cytozyme (T13= 1L/plant + 3ml/L), T14 = control. The results revealed that plant bioregulators and their combination with PGPR significantly improved plant shoot growth, fruit set, fruit retention, yield and fruit quality. The highest tree volume, increase in trunk girth, leaf area, photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, yield/tree, fruit size, fruit weight, fruit volume, firmness, pulp to stone ration, total and reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars were recorded highest in trees sprayed with Cytozyme 4ml/l. Therewas 1.21 times increase in yield with the foliar application of Cytozyme 4ml/l than the control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF LEAF FRUIT RATIO AND GIRDLING ON THE FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY OF NECTARINE (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) cv. SILVER KING
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2015) ZAREA, SAYEED EHSAN; RANA, VISHAL S.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of leaf fruit ratio and girdling on the fruit yield and quality of nectarine (Prunus persica var. nucipersica) cv. Silver King” was carried out in the experimental orchard of Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni-Solan (H.P.) during the year 2014. Eight years old uniform nectarine plants of cultivar Silver King, raised on wild peach seedling rootstock were selected. The plants were planted at a spacing of 2 m×3 m and trained according to open centre system. The research trial was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 treatments viz., T1 (leaf fruit ratio 20:1), T2 (leaf fruit ratio 30:1), T3 (leaf fruit ratio 40:1), T4 (leaf fruit ratio 50:1), T5 (girdling half the bark), T6(leaf fruit ratio 20:1 + girdling half the bark), T7(leaf fruit ratio 30:1 + girdling half the bark), T8(leaf fruit ratio 40:1 + girdling half the bark), T9(leaf fruit ratio 50:1 + girdling half the bark) and T 10 (control). The fruit yield decreased linearly with the increase in leaf fruit ratio and lowest yield was recorded with treatment T9 (leaf fruit ratio 50:1 + girdling half the bark). The highest leaf area, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate were recorded in T 9(leaf fruit ratio 50:1 + girdling half the bark), leaf nutrients viz., N, P, K, Ca and Mg decreased with increased leaf fruit ratio alone or in combination with girding. However, the fruit quality characteristics viz., fruit size and fruit weight were recorded highest in treatment T 8 (leaf fruit ratio 40:1 + girdling half the bark). While, quality in terms of total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars and sugar acid ratio were recorded highest in treatment T 9followed by the treatment T 8 . On the other hand, the lowest acidity was recorded in T 9 (leaf fruit ratio 50:1 + girdling half the bark) followed by T 8 (leaf fruit ratio 40:1 + girdling half the bark). All the leaf fruit ratio treatments advanced the harvest date by 1 to 4 days compared to control and earliest harvesting was recorded in treatment T9(leaf fruit ratio 50:1 + girdling half the bark) . Thus, leaf fruit ratio 40:1 coupled with girdling half the bark followed by leaf fruit ratio 50:1 coupled with girdling half the bark were found suitable for cv. Silver King under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh (India).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF PRUNING LEVELS AND BENZYLADENINE (BA) ON BUDWOOD PRODUCTION IN APPLE (Malus x domestica Borkh.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) BINDU, BALA; SHARMA, D.D.
    ABSTRACT The study entitled “Effect of pruning levels and benzyladenine (BA) on budwood production in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.)” was conducted in the experimental apple orchard of Bhajon block in the Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2012 -2013. The experiment was laid out using Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 treatments replicated thrice. In this experiment different levels of pruning and benzyladenine (BA) application at the concentration of 500 ppm in four different cultivars namely, Vance Delicious, Early Red One, Gale Gala and Red Chief were applied viz., i) Heading Back to 10 cm, ii) Heading Back to 15 cm, iii) Heading Back to 20 cm, iv) Heading Back to 10 cm + Pinching, v) Heading Back to 15 cm + Pinching, vi) Heading Back to 20 cm + Pinching, vii) Heading Back to 10 cm + BA 500 ppm, viii) Heading Back to 15 cm + BA 500 ppm, ix) Heading Back to 20 cm + BA 500 ppm and x) Control. In all there were nine combinations of pruning levels and BA treatments and were compared with control. The results revealed that maximum graftable scion wood (64.83 %), total number of shoots (124.33), number of lateral shoots (111.50), spread (2.40 m) and volume (12.47 m 3 ) were recorded in the trees treated with heading back to 20 cm + BA at 500 ppm. Whereas, average shoot length (136.00 cm), diameter of thin, standard and thick shoots (3.85, 7.92 and 13.44 mm, respectively), internodal length (2.95 cm), pruning wood weight (5.62 kg per tree) and leaf area (34.50 cm 2 ) was found to be maximum in Heading back to 10 cm in combination with BA application at 500ppm concentration in different apple cultivars under study.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION STUDIES OF CITRUS SPECIES AND GENOTYPES UNDER SUBTROPICAL CONDITIONS OF H.P.
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2014) YADAV, ASHOK; SHARMA, GIRISH
    ABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Variability and character association analysis of citrus species and genotypes under subtropical conditions of H.P.’’ were carried out at the Experimental Orchard, Regional Horticulture Research Station (RHRS),Dhaulakuan, District Sirmour (HP) and the Department of Fruit Science, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2012-13 to 2013-2014. The five experiments were laid out in RBD (four replications in mandarin and three in sweet orange), T-statistics (five replications each for lime and grapefruit) and Descriptive statistics (ten replication for lemon) design. Evaluation of five citrus species and 18 cultivars were carried out for plant growth characters, flowering duration, pollen viability, germinability, anthesis and anther dehiscence were determined. Pollen viability in mandarins, sweet orange, lime, grapefruit and lemon cultivars was highest in ‘Kinnow’ (80.85 %), Jaffa (75.53 %), ‘Baramasi lime’ (85.42 %), ‘Ruby Red’ (83.57 %) and ‘Kagzi Kalan’ (70.44 %). Fruit characters namely fruit size, colour, peel thickness, seed number per fruit, seed length, seedbreadth, TSS, total sugar, titratable acidity, Vitamin-C, juice per cent and yield characters like fruit weight, number of fruit/tree and yield per tree were observed. Variability studies indicated that maximum coefficient of variability was observed for leaf area, seed number per fruit, peel thickness and fruit yield per tree whereas heritability was for leaf area, fruit breadth, TSS, and seed number per fruit. Yield per plant was positively and significantly associated with traits like leaf area, peel thickness, fruit breadth and weight, whereas path-coefficient analysis shows that leaf area, peel thickness, fruit breadth, weight and acidity show maximum positive direct effect on the fruit yield. Hence, on the basis of present studies it is concluded that ‘Kinnow’ (Mandarin), ‘Mosambi’ (Sweet orange) ‘Baramasi lime’ (Lime), ‘Ruby Red’(Grapefruit), ‘Kagzi Kalan’ (Lemon) performed best for most of the horticultural traits and are best suited for commercial cultivation under subtropical climate ofHimachal Pradesh.