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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SEASONAL VARIATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN Salvia spp.(UHF Nauni, 2023-11-28) ABHISHEK KUMRA; Dr. Reena SharmaThe present investigation entitled “Studies on seasonal variation of bioactive compounds in Salvia spp.” was carried out in the field and laboratory of the Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2022-23. The study was conducted under two objectives namely (i) To standardize the method of extraction for rosmarinic acid (ii) To study the seasonal variation in rosmarinic acid and other bioactive compounds with growth and development of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. and Salvia sclarea L. For standardization of extraction methods in Salvia rosmarinus and Salvia sclarea three different extraction methods viz. soxhlet extraction, reflux extraction and sonication assisted extraction were used with four different solvents. In S. rosmarinus maximum rosmarinic acid (2.23%) content was obtained in soxhlet extraction for six hours duration with methanol-water (70:30) and highest total extract (%) (40.66%) was recorded in soxhlet extraction for eight hours duration with methanol-water (70:30). In S. sclarea maximum rosmarinic acid content (1.55%) was obtained in soxhlet extraction for six hours duration with methanol-water (70:30) and highest total extract (%) (36.04%) was recorded in soxhlet extraction for ten hours duration with methanol-water (70:30). Monthly variation in rosmarinic acid was studied in four germplasms of rosemary viz. SS1, SS2, SS3 and SS4. On the basis of seasonal variation, maximum rosmarinic acid content (SS1-1.33%, SS2-2.42%, SS3-2.51% and SS4-2.23) in S. rosmarinus was recorded in the month of November and minimum rosmarinic acid content (SS1-0.21%, SS2-1.34%, SS3-1.37% and SS4-0.41%) was recorded in the month of July in all four germplasms. In S. sclarea maximum rosmarinic acid content (1.55%) was observed in the month of April (vegetative stage) and minimum (0.004%) was recorded in the month of July (seed setting stage). Total phenolic, flavonoid content and anti-oxidant activity in S. rosmarinus was highest in November and lowest in July in all four germplasms. In S. sclarea, total phenolic, flavonoid content and anti-oxidant activity was maximum in April and minimum in month of July. Simple and easy HPLC method was developed for quantification of rosmarinic acid in S. rosmarinus and S. sclarea.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON PROPERTIES OF CONIFEROUS WOODS AVAILABLE IN THE MARKETS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) CHAUHAN, KANICA; SHARMA, KULWANT RAIABSTRACT The present research investigation entitled “Studies on properties of coniferous woods available in the markets of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in the department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr Y S Parmar university of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during the years 2013-2014, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Chemical analysis was carried out by employing TAPPI (Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry) standard methods. The mechanical strength properties were determined on UTN-10 (Universal Testing Machine) by standard procedures. The results revealed that moisture content (34.67%) and specific gravity (0.532) were found to be maximum in Cedrus deodara from Solan and Abies pindrow wood, from Sundernagar, respectively. The tracheid length (3.97 mm), tracheid diameter (50.01 µm) and ray width (32.05 µm) were recorded to be highest in Pinus roxburghii and ray length (0.680 µm) in Cedrus deodara wood collected from Chamba market. Maximum number of resin ducts (0.831/mm2) and fusiform rays (10.583/ mm2) were found in Pinus wallichiana from Sundernagar and Chamba markets, respectively. Whereas, uniseriate rays (44.97/mm2) were highest in Abies pindrow wood from Solan market. The wood samples of Pinus roxburghii collected from Solan market have shown maximum cold water solubility (7.18%), hot water solubility (8.88%), alcohol-benzene extractives (11.94%) and lignin content (30.68%). The holocellulose content (68.75%) was found to be highest in Pinus wallichiana wood from Solan market. The maximum tensile strength (0.057kN/mm2) and bending strength (0.003kN/mm2) were recorded in Pinus roxburghii from Solan. The compressive strength (0.110kN/mm2) and modulus of elasticity parallel to grain (0.031kN/mm2) were highest in Pinus wallichiana while, compressive strength (0.048kN/mm2) and modulus of elasticity perpendicular to grain (0.019kN/mm2) had largest values in Cedrus deodara from Solan. Modulus of Rupture (0.069kN/mm2) and Bending modulus of elasticity (0.070kN/mm2) have been found to be highest for Cedrus deodara samples from Solan and Sundernagar markets, respectively. Out of 336 combinations of simple correlation coefficients, 59 were found to be positive and significant while, 13 were found to be negative and significant. The value of regression coefficient R2 has been noticed to be highest for specific gravity for different mechanical-chemical (0.96) as well as mechanical-physical (0.99) parameters under study.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF PINUS ROXBURGHII SARGENT POPULATIONS FOR WOOD CHARACTERISTICS(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) VINAY, KUMAR; SHARMA, K.R.ABSTRACT The study “Evaluation of Pinus roxburghii Sargent populations for wood characteristics”, was carried out in the Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2014-15. The results revealed that maximum moisture content (18.32 %) and longest tracheid length (6.34 mm), cold water soluble extractives the highest value of 7.52 per cent was recorded in Ghanahatti population. The highest specific gravity of 0.6127 was recorded in control (Teak).. Maximum hot water soluble extractive of wood 9.47 per cent was recorded in Nihari. Maximum alcohol-benzene solubility of 14.15 per cent was also found in Ghanahatti. Whereas, maximum Klason-lignin content of 33.58 per cent, noticed in Nihari and maximum holocellulose 70.44 per cent was found in Sarahan population. The maximum tensile and bending strength was recorded in Chabbal (0.043 kN/mm2) and in Banethi (0.0089 kN/mm2) resepectively. In Teak, compressive strength of 0.057 kN/mm2 was observed, which was higher than Pinus roxburghii. Highest compressive strength perpendicular to grain was observed at site Nurpur (0.0180 kN/mm2). Out of 78 combinations of simple correlation coefficient, 18 combinations were found to be positives and significant, and 14 combinations were negative and significant. Specific gravity of wood revealed highly significant and negative correlation with moisture content (-0.930) and trachied length (-0.657). Lignin percentage of wood reflected highly significant and negative correlation with holocellulose percentage of wood (-0.796). Also, Cold water extractives had highly significant and positive correlation with hot water extractives (0.753), alcohol-benzene extractives (0.671) and tensile strength (0.907). Coefficient of variation was observed to be 98 per cent for tensile strength. R2 value for specific gravity when regressed with chemical parameters showed 98 per cent of variability. Very high heritability was recorded in tensile strength (80.31%) and moderate in alcohol-benzene extractives (78.00%), hot water soluble extractives (75.93%), holocellulose (74.71%) and tracheid length (66.84%). The phenotypic coefficient of variability was found to be slightly higher than genotypic coefficient of variability in all parameters. Low genetic advance and high genetic gain was recorded in tensile strength of wood.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON WOOD CHARACTERISTICS USING Nerium oleander L. EXTRACT AS A WOOD BIOPRESERVATIVE(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) CHANDEL, AKSHU; DUTT, BHUPENDERABSTRACT The present research entitled “Studies on wood characteristics using Nerium oleander L. extract as a wood biopreservative” was carried out during 2014-2015 & 2015-2016 in the Department of Forest Products and in the Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry (Nauni) Solan (HP). Wood samples of Pinus roxburghii Sargent, Celtis australis L. and Bombax ceiba L. of the sizes 5 cm x 2.5 cm x 2.5 cm + .25 cm x .15 cm x .15 cm (longitudinally x radially x tangentially) were prepared. These wood specimens were dipped in Nerium oleander L. leaf extract solution for 72 hours in different concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 per cent (w/v). These were analyzed for variation of specific gravity, per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on dry weight basis (swelling), per cent weight gain of treated and untreated wood on wet weight basis (shrinkage), per cent oven dry weight gain before and after treatment, volumetric swelling coefficient, volumetric shrinkage coefficient, swelling and shrinkage of wood in three different planes, Chromium absorption (%), Chromium leaching (%), Chromium retention (%), per cent fungus growth and per cent fungal inhibition. The maximum value (0.569) for specific gravity was recorded in Celtis australis L. and minimum (0.428) in Bombax ceiba L. showing significant difference. Swelling and shrinkage of wood were recorded maximum in Pinus roxburghii Sargent in longitudinal plane, radial and tangential plane. The minimum swelling was recorded in Bombax ceiba L. in longitudinal, radial and tangential plane, while minimum shrinkage was observed for Bombax ceiba L. in longitudinal plane and Celtis australis L. in radial and tangential plane. Maximum volumetric swelling (12.21%) and shrinkage (8.45%) coefficient was recorded in Pinus roxburghii Sargent and minimum volumetric swelling coefficient (8.87%) in Bombax ceiba L. while minimum volumetric shrinkage coefficient (6.98%) in Celtis australis L. The maximum per cent variation of treated and untreated wood on dry and wet weight basis were recorded in Bombax ceiba L. and minimum in Celtis australis L. Maximum value for Chromium absorption (%), leaching (%) and retention (%) were found at 10% chromic acid concentration and minimum at 5% concentration. The maximum fungus colonization (100%) was recorded in control for all the species. The minimum fungus colonization 16.66% was recorded in Pinus roxburghii Sargent at 2.00% concentration and highest fungus growth inhibition 83.34 % was recorded at the same concentration for Pinus roxburghii SargentThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND YIELD ASSESSMENT OF Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench UNDER MID HILL CONDITIONS(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) CHAUHAN, ARTI; RAINA, RAVINDERABSTRACT The present investigation entitled: “Studies on reproductive biology and yield assessment of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench under midhill conditions” was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Forest Products, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, during the years 2015 and 2016. In the first experiment “Morphological studies” revealed the plants to perennial herb producing ovate to ovate lanceolate leaves and flowering shoots bearing capitula. Capitula were with neutral rays and bisexual disc florets. Roots were fibrous and mostly rhizomatous. In the second experiment “Phenological studies” revealed flowering duration during March to September with peak in June-July. After final seed setting, the plants undergo senescence becoming underground throughout the winter season. In the third experiment “Pollination studies” revealed the species to be allogamous with complete failure of autogamy. In the fourth experiment “Meiotic studies” revealed the species to be depend with 2n=22 chromosome with normal meiosis. In the fifth experiment “Effect of plant density and fertilizer doses on growth and yield” revealed maximum plant height, aerial biomass, number of floral heads and root biomass in twelve months after transplantation and best combination S3F1 with 15.00 g of dry root yield per plant.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL PRACTICES OF Tagetes minuta L.(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) ALAWE, RAVI; SOOD, MEENUABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on the development of cultural practices of Tagetes minuta L.” were carried out in the experimental farm as well as in the laboratory of the Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry (Nauni) Solan (HP) during 2014-2015 & 2015-2016. The studies were undertaken with the objectives (a) Development of cultural practices of T. minuta (b) estimation of cost of cultivation and benefit cost ratio of this plant. The effect of sowing methods and planting densities, methods of planting and pinching and integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of T. minuta were studied and further cost of cultivation was also calculated. The results revealed that seedling planting at 30 x 45 cm spacing and pinching at 45 DAT gave maximum leaf biomass/ha (63.72 q) at pre flowering stage and flower biomass/ha (52.33 q) at full bloom stage, respectively. Among different sources of nutrients Vermicompost (2/ha) with NPK (120:60:30) registered the maximum value for all the growth and yield parameters. Maximum cost of production (Rs. 1,27,975.50) was obtained in this combination with benefit cost ratio (1.54:1) but maximum benefit cost ratio (3.21:1) was obtained in NPK (120:60:30) with cost of production (Rs. 52,975.50).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF Angelica glauca Edgew. AND Podophyllum hexandrum Royle(UHF,NAUNI, 2016) KAMINI; RAINA, RAVINDERABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on reproductive biology of Angelica glauca Edgew. and Podophyllum hexandrum Royle” was carried out at three sites viz. Shillaru (2130m amsl, 30°45' 00.48''N and 76º59'12.22''E), Jagatsukh (1982 m amsl; 32°11' 43.20'' N and 77°12' 31.82'' E) and Shilly (altitude of 1550 m amsl; 30º54'30'' N and 77º07'30'' E) and medicinal plants laboratory of the Department of Forest Products, College of Forestry, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2013-2016. Five experiments on i). morphology ii). phenology iii). floral biology and reproductive vigour iv). genetic system and v). breeding system were conducted separately in A. glauca and P. hexandrum. Studies conducted on A. glauca have revealed presence of compound umbels of different orders; bisexual sex expression of plants; production of sterile seeds due to absence of embryo in about 70.00% seeds (first report); seed set in only primary and lateral-I umbels (first report); seed size variation (first report); upto 31.00% germination; 100.00% seed viability of fertile seeds irrespective of umbel order and position within umbels (first report); strong protandrous behaviour of flowers with style extending full beyond stylopodium on stigma receptivity indicating complete intra-floral dichogamy; presence of trinuclear pollens (first report), 76.00% to 100.00% pollen stainability; 26128.75± 1323.41 pollen per flower and pollen ovule ratio of 13064.37± 661.71(first report); clumping of chromosome at metaphase-I, chromosomes grouped into a ring at anaphase-I (first report), cytomixis in some pollen mother cells (first report); cross pollinating behaviour (upto 95.00%)(first report). Studies conducted on P. hexandrum have revealed presence of six sepals (instead of three as reported earlier) for the first time; more or less unstable variants based on petal number, petal colour and anther numbers; upto 28.67% germination; erratic seed germination, prevalence of seed dormancy and higher viability of pulp dried seeds; underground initiation of aerial bud in autumn before undergoing dormancy and completion of meiotic events underground in floral buds; protandrous flowers followed by overlapping male and female phase; spherical pollen being released in groups of four (tetrads); 95520 to 448320 pollen grains per flower/plant; 50 to 190 ovules/flower/plant; pollen ovule ratio of 1910.40 to 3474.30 (average 2702.10 ± 95.92) and 81.25% to 100.00% pollen stainability; plants favouring autogamy (58.15%) over cross pollination (41.85%) thereby being both self as well as cross compatible.